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THE OLD CHURCHES OF WIRRAL eel, Perpendicular; the Lady Chapel, Modern, and so on. As a rule, in such churches, a guide is to be found who has some knowledge of these things, or who at least has memorized certain facts, and he will often " fire off " a perfect fusillade of verbiage to which a crowd of sightseers pay a reverent, if unintelligent, attention. And it is because the present writer has so often himself been one of this common multitude that he ventures to give such information concerning the architectural modes exhibited in the old churches of Wirral as will enable those who visit them to examine and recognise some of the essential features of those styles for themselves. As an aid to this study there are standard classifications of architecture which will form a basis upon which to work, though modern architects tend to deprecate these classifications as being inelastic and too definite ; for a tabulated list of styles may be presumed to presuppose a definite demarcation which, in point of fact, does not exist. One style gradually evolved into its successor, and successive architects naturally embodied in their work the experience of those who had preceded them. Nevertheless such 26
ARCHITECTURE OF WIRRAL OLD CHURCHES classifications have their vahie so long as they are received with caution, treated as guides rather than laws. following and The is an example :— RICKMAN'S CLASSIFICATION. NORMAN : TRANSITION NORMAN : Henry EARLY ENGLISH GOTHIC : William I to Stephen, 1066-1154. 1189-1272. DECORATED : PERPENDICULAR : TUDOR : Henry II, 1154-1189. Richard I, to Henry III, Edward I, 11, III, 1272-1377. Richard II to Henry VII, 1377-1486. VIII to Elizabeth, 1485-1600. Applying now such a system to the old churches of Wirral, we must begin with the Norman style, for though several of the churches boast a Saxon foundation it is doubtful if any authenticated Saxon work is now to be seen above ground. But of Norman work there are a number of interesting examples, notably the Norman chapel at Birkenhead Priory, the fine old south doorway of Shotwick parish church, the ancient low-side window in the north side of the chancel in Woodchurch, the Norman columns of Lower Bebington Church, and the Norman fonts at Lower Bebington, Eastham, and St. Luke's, Poulton,*and these examples, • This Font was originally in St. Hilary's Church, Wallasey. 27
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RAMBLES ROUND THE OLD CHURCHES OF
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VUA/ttvj J1a-X \-A-Ajj.A/./;i>LLAO
Page 10 and 11: P/iy II . II. Ti'inkim^on OLD GOTHI
Page 13: D/4 C6pB65 ^0 Mv iFattier.
Page 16 and 17: Introduction. at Nesto7i, Bromborou
Page 18 and 19: Introduction. I believe that Dr. Bu
Page 20 and 21: Preface. sent volume is placed a Bi
Page 22 and 23: Preface. I wish to thank the follow
Page 24 and 25: Contents. CHAPTER IV. The Old Churc
Page 26 and 27: Contents. CHAPTER XII. Old Wood-car
Page 28: List of Illustrations. FACING PLATE
Page 32 and 33: ONE THE OLD CHURCHES OF WIRRAL of t
Page 34 and 35: THE OLD CHURCHES OF WIRRAL blocks.
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Page 43 and 44: GROWTH OF WIRRAL OLD CHURCHES somet
Page 45 and 46: GROWTH OF WIRRAL OLD CHURCHES John
Page 47 and 48: GROWTH OF WIRRAL OLD CHURCHES Stanl
Page 49 and 50: GROWTH OF WIRRAL OLD CHURCHES comme
Page 51 and 52: GROWTH OF WIRRAL OLD CHURCHES Our L
Page 53 and 54: GROWTH OF WIRRAL OLD CHURCHES mon t
Page 55 and 56: GROWTH OF WIRRAL OLD CHURCHES paris
Page 57: CHAPTER II. THE ARCHITECTURE OF WIR
Page 62 and 63: Pliotounii'li /" " • H. Toiiil^ii
Page 64 and 65: THE OLD CHURCHES OF WIRRAL church,
Page 67 and 68: ARCHITECTURE OF WIRRAL OLD CHURCHES
Page 75: I'l:rim:xi)I(1 i.Au doorww WEST KJR
Page 78 and 79: CHAPTER III. THE BELLS OF WIRRAL. B
Page 80: THE OLD CHURCHES OF WIRRAL placed o
Page 83 and 84: THE BELLS OF WIRRAL a peal of eight
Page 85 and 86: 4. 5. 6. THE BELLS OF WIRRAL " WBi\
Page 87 and 88: THE BELLS OF WIRRAL The custom of e
Page 89 and 90: THE BELLS OF WIRRAL some repairs in
Page 91 and 92: THE BELLS OF WIHRAL be in tune with
Page 93 and 94: THE BELLS OF WIRRAL eight bells 40,
Page 95 and 96: THE BELLS OF WIRRAL utterly forborn
Page 97 and 98: THE BELLS OF WIIIRAL In connection
Page 99 and 100: THE BELLS OF WIRRAL peal rung for h
Page 101 and 102: CHAPTER IV. THE OLD CHURCHYARDS OF
Page 103 and 104: THE OLD CHURCHYARDS OF WIRRAL was g
Page 105 and 106: THE OLD CHURCHYARDS OF WIRRAL direc
Page 107 and 108: THE OLD CHURCHYARDS OF WIRRAL the c
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THE OLD CHURCHYARDS OF WIRRAL them
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THE OLD CHURCHYARDS OF WIRRAL are o
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PLATE VII. From tin oiiiliiiitl Pei
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THE OLD CHURCHES OF WIRRAL tombston
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THE OLD CHURCHES OF WIRRAL the firs
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THE OLD CHURCHYARDS OF WIRRAL ness.
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HOLY WATER STOUF WOODCHURCH P/ioloi
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THE OLD CHURCHES OF WIRRAL living ;
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CHAPTER V. WIRRAL CHURCH DEDICATION
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THE OLD CHURCHES OF WIRRAL cast hol
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THE OLD CHURCHES OF WIRRAL once a p
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THE OLD CHURCHES OF WIRRAL she neve
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THE OLD CHURCHES OF WIRRAL '* A Per
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THE OLD CHURCHES OF WIRRAL ation ap
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THE OLD CHURCHES OF WIRRAL greater
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WIRRAL CHURCH DEDICATIONS affirms t
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WIRRAL CHURCH DEDICATIONS liberated
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WIRRAL CHURCH DEDICATIONS were brok
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CHAPTER VI. THE OLD FONTS OF WIRRAL
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THE OLD FONTS OF WIRRAL This very c
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THE OLD FONTS OF WIRRAL ears, nostr
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THE OLD FONTS OF WIRRAL obligation
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THE OLD FONTS OF WIRRAL church, was
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Phnt.iiJ'iit'lt 1'^ >!'// Titinkiii
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THE OLD CHURCHES OF WIRRAL Wirral,
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THE OLD CHURCHES OF WIRRAL customs
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CHAPTER VII. OLD PEWS AND PULPITS I
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THE OLD CHURCHES OF WIRRAL attended
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THE OLD CHURCHES OF WIRRAL and lean
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THE OLD CHURCHES OF WIRRAL preceden
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OLD PEWS AND PULPITS parchment prin
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OLD PEWS AND PULPITS diction. One S
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OLD PEWS AND PULPITS were clusterin
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OLD PEWS AND PULPITS Shotwick the o
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OLD PEWS AND PULPITS was about to b
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OLD PEWS AND PULPITS our, * the cus
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I'LATE XIII. I'lioloiJrtil'li hy Al
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THE OLD CHURCHES OF WIRRAL BIBLIOGR
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THE OLD CHURCHES OF WIRRAL sewiden
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THE OLD CHURCHES OF WIRRAL was foun
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THE OLD CHURCHES OF WIRRAL BTune ^f
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THE OLD CHURCHES OF WIRRAL an early
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THE OLD CHURCHES OF WIRRAL Foxe's B
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OLD BIBLES AND BOOKS belonged to Bi
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OLD BIBLES AND BOOKS BIBLIOGRAPHY.
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THE ALTAR IN WIRRAL OLD CHURCHES an
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THE ALTAR IN WIRRAL OLD CHURCHES in
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THE ALTAR IN WIRRAL OLD CHURCHES Bu
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THE ALTAR IN WIRRAL OLD CHURCHES of
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THE ALTAR IN WIRRAL OLD CHURCHES br
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THE ALTAR IN WIRRAL OLD CHURCHES J.
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OLD PLATE IN WIRRAL CHURCHES THE mo
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OLD PLATE IN WIRRAL CHURCHES The fo
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OLD PLATE IN WIRRAL CHURCHES And as
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I'liotoiixil'h by tlif AutliLT ELIZ
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THE OLD CHURCHES OF WIRRAL SO ordin
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OLD PLATE IN WIRRAL CHURCHES About
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f'liolot/riil'/i h\ W. II. Toinkiii
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THE OLD CHURCHES OF WIRRAL died Oct
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THE OLD CHURCHES OF WIRRAL eel. Thr
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THE OLD CHURCHES OF WIRRAL means of
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THE OLD CHURCHES OF WIRRAL my Lord.
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THE OLD CHURCHES OF WIRRAL drinking
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THE OLD CHURCHES OF WIRRAL Martene
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CHANCEL RELICS IN WIRRAL OLD CHURCH
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CHAPTER XII. OLD WOOD-CARVINGS IN W
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OLD WOOD-CARVINGS IN WIRRAL CHURCHE
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2. PLATE XIX. Photoorahli by ft'. /
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THE OLD CHURCHES OF WIRRAL of this
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ALMS DISH RACKFORD CHURCH PLATE XXT
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THE OLD CHURCHES OF WIRRAL fusion t
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HATCHMENTS AND HERALDIC PANELS is a
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HATCHMENTS AND HERALDIC PANELS Hous
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HATCHMENTS AND HERALDIC PANELS requ
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HATCHxMENTS AND HERALDIC PANELS the
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HATCHMENTS AND HERALDIC PANELS 7.
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HATCHMENTS AND HERALDIC PANELS thos
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HATCHMENTS AND HERALDIC PANELS high
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HATCHMENTS AND HERALDIC PANELS comm
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iii:k \i 1 )i( r\Ni:i. l'/iottUJ"i/
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THE OLD CHURCHES OF WIRRAL seen in
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THE OLD CHURCHES OF WIRRAL The comm
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THE OLD CHURCHES OF WIRRAL united b
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CHAPTER XIV. STAINED GLASS IN THE O
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THE OLD CHURCHES OF WIRRAL or it wo
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THE OLD CHURCHES OF WIRRAL the vari
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THE OLD CHURCHES OF WIRRAL was most
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THE OLD CHURCHES OF WIRRAL To the l
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the old churches of wirral St. Pete
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THE OLD CHURCHES OF WIRRAL three wi
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STAINED GLASS IN WIRRAL OLD CHURCHE
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stained glass in wirral old churche
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STAINED GLASS IN WIRRAL OLD CHURCHE
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INDEX ALMS BOXES PAGE 200 Altar At
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INDEX. Chancel 8, PAGE. 159 Churchy
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INDEX. PAGE. Chained Bibles 143, 14
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INDEX. PAGE. Easter Sepulchre UASTH
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INDEX. PAGE. MANTLING 215, 216 Mars
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INDEX. PAGE. Saint Andrew St. Barth
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INDEX. THORNTON HOUGH Three-decker
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Form L9-Series 4939 UNIVERSITY OF C
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