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THE OLD CHURCHES OF WIRRAL The Crest, which is now associated with a Coat-o£-Arnis, and which is its highest part, had a separate and distinctive origin. The word is derived from the Latin *' Crista," signifying a " comb or tuft," such as many birds have upon their heads. Fox Davies says, *' we must go back, once again, to the bedrock of the peacockpopinjay vanity ingrained in human nature. The same impulse which nowadays leads to the decoration of the helmets of the Lifeguards with horsehair plumes and regimental badges, the cocked hats of field-marshals and other officers with waving plumes, the Kepis of commissionaires and the smashed hats of Colonial irregulars with cocks' feathers, the hat of the poacher and gamekeeper with a pheasant's feather, led unquestionably to the " decoration " of the helmets of the armoured knights of old. The matter was just a combination of decoration and vanity. At first they frequently painted their helmets, and as with the gradual evolution and crystallisation of armory a certain form of decoration (the device upon his shield) became identified with a certain person, that particular device was used for 210
HATCHxMENTS AND HERALDIC PANELS the decoration of the helmet and painted thereupon." The precise significance of the crest appears open to question, many asserting that no one below the rank of a knight was entitled to wear one, this statement being based on the theory that the crest was not worn in battle, but only in tournament. The lesser gentry, being obliged to fight in war, bore arms of necessity, but made no pretension to the use of the crest, and this mode appears to have been maintained up to the xvth century. Thereafter the granting of crests to ancient arms became ia frequent practice. There are eight main classes into which all Coats-of-Arms may be divided. They are as follows :— 1.—Arms of Dominion or Sovereignty, which are borne by Emperors, Kings, and sovereign states. 2.—Arms of Pretension are those of territories to which a Sovereign or Lord makes claim, although they may be possessed by others. Thus the Kings of England quartered the Arms of France with their own from the time when Edward III laid claim to the crown of France until the year 1801. 211
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RAMBLES ROUND THE OLD CHURCHES OF
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VUA/ttvj J1a-X \-A-Ajj.A/./;i>LLAO
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P/iy II . II. Ti'inkim^on OLD GOTHI
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D/4 C6pB65 ^0 Mv iFattier.
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Introduction. at Nesto7i, Bromborou
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Introduction. I believe that Dr. Bu
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Preface. sent volume is placed a Bi
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Preface. I wish to thank the follow
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Contents. CHAPTER IV. The Old Churc
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Contents. CHAPTER XII. Old Wood-car
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List of Illustrations. FACING PLATE
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ONE THE OLD CHURCHES OF WIRRAL of t
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THE OLD CHURCHES OF WIRRAL blocks.
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THE OLD CHURCHES OF WIRRAL cases th
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THE OLD CHURCHES OF WIRRAL the Stan
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THE OLD CHURCHES OF WIRRAL entirely
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GROWTH OF WIRRAL OLD CHURCHES somet
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GROWTH OF WIRRAL OLD CHURCHES John
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GROWTH OF WIRRAL OLD CHURCHES Stanl
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GROWTH OF WIRRAL OLD CHURCHES comme
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GROWTH OF WIRRAL OLD CHURCHES Our L
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GROWTH OF WIRRAL OLD CHURCHES mon t
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GROWTH OF WIRRAL OLD CHURCHES paris
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CHAPTER II. THE ARCHITECTURE OF WIR
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ARCHITECTURE OF WIRRAL OLD CHURCHES
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Pliotounii'li /" " • H. Toiiil^ii
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THE OLD CHURCHES OF WIRRAL church,
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I'l:rim:xi)I(1 i.Au doorww WEST KJR
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CHAPTER III. THE BELLS OF WIRRAL. B
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THE OLD CHURCHES OF WIRRAL placed o
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THE BELLS OF WIRRAL a peal of eight
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4. 5. 6. THE BELLS OF WIRRAL " WBi\
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THE BELLS OF WIRRAL The custom of e
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THE BELLS OF WIRRAL some repairs in
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THE BELLS OF WIHRAL be in tune with
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THE BELLS OF WIRRAL eight bells 40,
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THE BELLS OF WIRRAL utterly forborn
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THE BELLS OF WIIIRAL In connection
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THE BELLS OF WIRRAL peal rung for h
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CHAPTER IV. THE OLD CHURCHYARDS OF
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THE OLD CHURCHYARDS OF WIRRAL was g
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THE OLD CHURCHYARDS OF WIRRAL direc
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THE OLD CHURCHYARDS OF WIRRAL the c
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THE OLD CHURCHYARDS OF WIRRAL them
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THE OLD CHURCHYARDS OF WIRRAL are o
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PLATE VII. From tin oiiiliiiitl Pei
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THE OLD CHURCHES OF WIRRAL tombston
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THE OLD CHURCHES OF WIRRAL the firs
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THE OLD CHURCHYARDS OF WIRRAL ness.
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HOLY WATER STOUF WOODCHURCH P/ioloi
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THE OLD CHURCHES OF WIRRAL living ;
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CHAPTER V. WIRRAL CHURCH DEDICATION
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THE OLD CHURCHES OF WIRRAL cast hol
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THE OLD CHURCHES OF WIRRAL once a p
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THE OLD CHURCHES OF WIRRAL she neve
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THE OLD CHURCHES OF WIRRAL '* A Per
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THE OLD CHURCHES OF WIRRAL ation ap
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THE OLD CHURCHES OF WIRRAL greater
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WIRRAL CHURCH DEDICATIONS affirms t
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WIRRAL CHURCH DEDICATIONS liberated
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WIRRAL CHURCH DEDICATIONS were brok
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CHAPTER VI. THE OLD FONTS OF WIRRAL
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THE OLD FONTS OF WIRRAL This very c
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THE OLD FONTS OF WIRRAL ears, nostr
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THE OLD FONTS OF WIRRAL obligation
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THE OLD FONTS OF WIRRAL church, was
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Phnt.iiJ'iit'lt 1'^ >!'// Titinkiii
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THE OLD CHURCHES OF WIRRAL Wirral,
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THE OLD CHURCHES OF WIRRAL customs
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CHAPTER VII. OLD PEWS AND PULPITS I
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THE OLD CHURCHES OF WIRRAL attended
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THE OLD CHURCHES OF WIRRAL and lean
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THE OLD CHURCHES OF WIRRAL preceden
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OLD PEWS AND PULPITS parchment prin
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OLD PEWS AND PULPITS diction. One S
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OLD PEWS AND PULPITS were clusterin
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OLD PEWS AND PULPITS Shotwick the o
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OLD PEWS AND PULPITS was about to b
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OLD PEWS AND PULPITS our, * the cus
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I'LATE XIII. I'lioloiJrtil'li hy Al
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THE OLD CHURCHES OF WIRRAL BIBLIOGR
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THE OLD CHURCHES OF WIRRAL sewiden
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THE OLD CHURCHES OF WIRRAL was foun
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THE OLD CHURCHES OF WIRRAL BTune ^f
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THE OLD CHURCHES OF WIRRAL an early
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THE OLD CHURCHES OF WIRRAL Foxe's B
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OLD BIBLES AND BOOKS belonged to Bi
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OLD BIBLES AND BOOKS BIBLIOGRAPHY.
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THE ALTAR IN WIRRAL OLD CHURCHES an
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THE ALTAR IN WIRRAL OLD CHURCHES in
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THE ALTAR IN WIRRAL OLD CHURCHES Bu
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THE ALTAR IN WIRRAL OLD CHURCHES of
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THE ALTAR IN WIRRAL OLD CHURCHES br
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THE ALTAR IN WIRRAL OLD CHURCHES J.
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OLD PLATE IN WIRRAL CHURCHES THE mo
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OLD PLATE IN WIRRAL CHURCHES The fo
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OLD PLATE IN WIRRAL CHURCHES And as
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I'liotoiixil'h by tlif AutliLT ELIZ
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THE OLD CHURCHES OF WIRRAL SO ordin
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Page 244 and 245: THE OLD CHURCHES OF WIRRAL drinking
Page 246: THE OLD CHURCHES OF WIRRAL Martene
Page 249 and 250: CHANCEL RELICS IN WIRRAL OLD CHURCH
Page 251 and 252: CHAPTER XII. OLD WOOD-CARVINGS IN W
Page 253 and 254: OLD WOOD-CARVINGS IN WIRRAL CHURCHE
Page 256 and 257: 2. PLATE XIX. Photoorahli by ft'. /
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Page 270 and 271: ALMS DISH RACKFORD CHURCH PLATE XXT
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Page 277 and 278: HATCHMENTS AND HERALDIC PANELS is a
Page 279 and 280: HATCHMENTS AND HERALDIC PANELS Hous
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Page 285 and 286: HATCHMENTS AND HERALDIC PANELS 7.
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Page 289 and 290: HATCHMENTS AND HERALDIC PANELS high
Page 291 and 292: HATCHMENTS AND HERALDIC PANELS comm
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Page 302 and 303: CHAPTER XIV. STAINED GLASS IN THE O
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Page 312 and 313: the old churches of wirral St. Pete
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Page 317 and 318: STAINED GLASS IN WIRRAL OLD CHURCHE
Page 319 and 320: stained glass in wirral old churche
Page 321 and 322: STAINED GLASS IN WIRRAL OLD CHURCHE
Page 323 and 324: INDEX ALMS BOXES PAGE 200 Altar At
Page 325 and 326: INDEX. Chancel 8, PAGE. 159 Churchy
Page 327 and 328: INDEX. PAGE. Chained Bibles 143, 14
Page 329 and 330: INDEX. PAGE. Easter Sepulchre UASTH
Page 331 and 332: INDEX. PAGE. MANTLING 215, 216 Mars
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INDEX. PAGE. Saint Andrew St. Barth
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INDEX. THORNTON HOUGH Three-decker
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Form L9-Series 4939 UNIVERSITY OF C
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