Support to the National Water Mission NAPCC Appendix 3 <strong>Kshipra</strong> <strong>Sub</strong> <strong>Basin</strong> Cooperative Society Act of the State, but these FMCs were not able to deliver goods as desired of them and did little to involve farmers in irrigation management. in 1999 MP PIM act called as ―Madhya Pradesh Sinchai Prabandhan Mein Krishkonka Bhagidhari Adhiniyam 1999‖ was brought into force for the entire state. The rules for act implementation were passed in the same year (Madhya Pradesh Farmers Organization Rules, 1999) by the state government. The Act provides for a three-tier farmer‘s organizations (FOs) for irrigation management. The lowest tier in the institutional hierarchy is Water Users‘ Association (WUA) at minor canal level of the irrigation system, secondary unit is Distributory Committee (DC) at distributory canal of the irrigation system and tertiary unit is Project Committee (PC) at the whole irrigation project level. 85. The apex institution in Madhya Pradesh for development and management of water resources is the Water Resources Department (WRD). The department has extensive expertise in design, construction, operation & maintenance of water resources projects and has offices in all parts of the state. Other water sector line agencies include the Public health engineering Department, Panchayat and Rural <strong>Development</strong> Department, Agricultural Department, Energy Department, Tourism department, Forest Department, Fisheries department, Urban <strong>Development</strong> Department, Industries Department, etc., which have vital stakes in the management of water resources. However, various institutions are operating within the state having functions related to water sector. Specific functions of WRD in the state of MP could be broadly classified as: (i) planning and development functions to cover preliminary and detailed project planning and project preparation including Investigation and project design; (ii) field Functions relating to operations, maintenance and construction. The operational functions include: (i) operating the irrigation systems, including dams, canals, distributaries, minors, outlets; (iii) scheduling water distribution along with WUAs and the instructions of the water (c) determining water services provided and computing cost of water delivery (iv) interfacing with WUA, NGO/CBO, and private parties to manage and maintain distribution system at designated levels, and in the case of WUAs to assist in providing engineering support in activities like land levelling, alignment of watercourses, construction of small structures, use of simple water measuring devices, and drainage channels etc. (v) of new technologies like underground water distribution system, sprinkler irrigation, drip (vi) irrigation etc. for effective utilization and conservation of water and (vii) public grievance handling while maintenance functions cover: and (viii) drawing up planned preventive maintenance schedules and scheduling requirements including repairs and maintenance and estimating funds for maintenance. 86. IWRM principles and practices necessitate the need for role transformation within the existing departments. It is clear from an institutional mapping exercise in the three states is the sectoral approach to water resource development has little or no emphasis on integrated approach to water management. The functions carried out by various departments do not necessarily indicate institutional readiness to plan and manage the adaptation response to climate change impacts requiring strong and well coordinated planning and management. 87. An overview of the main institutional mechanism for state-level planning and management of water resources indicates that: there is a lack of conjunctive planning and regulation of surface and groundwater, poor understanding of the conjunctive water balance systems. Water quality data is monitored but not linked planning and management and artificial recharge is important but not incorporated into the overall water resource planning. Further, all the agencies see their responsibility as developing water resources for the public good. 88. In conclusion, one could say that any sound policy, acts and mandates of water centric institutions aiming at water resource development and management should recognize in its totality: (i) Information Systems and Resource Planning to provide much needed information about groundwater availability, quality and withdrawal, etc., for use by planners and for the purposes of monitoring and further research; (ii) Demand-Side Management for regulating groundwater withdrawals at sustainable levels and such mechanisms to include, for example, licences, laws, pricing systems, use of complementary water sources and water-saving crop-production technologies (In conformity with IWRM principles) (iii) Supply-Side Management to augment Groundwater recharge by means of mass rainwater harvesting and recharge activities and to maximize surface water use for recharge and the introduction of incentives for water conservation and artificial recharge and (iv) Groundwater Management in a River <strong>Basin</strong> Context to maximize efficiency and the focus of interventions could be expanded (from a very ‗local‘ level to the level of entire river basins). 51
Support to the National Water Mission NAPCC Appendix 3 <strong>Kshipra</strong> <strong>Sub</strong> <strong>Basin</strong> ` Appendix 3B <strong>Kshipra</strong> <strong>Sub</strong> <strong>Basin</strong>,Madhya Pradesh Strategic Framework Plan 52