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Noam Chomsky - Turning the Tide U.S. intervention in

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The Challenge Ahead<br />

Classics <strong>in</strong> Politics: <strong>Turn<strong>in</strong>g</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Tide</strong> <strong>Noam</strong> <strong>Chomsky</strong><br />

394<br />

control capital and resources, means of production and distribution,<br />

while decisions over <strong>in</strong>vestment and o<strong>the</strong>r crucial matters are removed<br />

<strong>in</strong> pr<strong>in</strong>ciple from democratic control, with <strong>the</strong> fur<strong>the</strong>r consequence that<br />

democratic politics <strong>in</strong>cludes a very limited range of social choices,<br />

operat<strong>in</strong>g with<strong>in</strong> parameters set elsewhere <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> state system. The<br />

groundwork for great social movements of <strong>the</strong> past was laid through<br />

many years of search<strong>in</strong>g, <strong>in</strong>tellectual <strong>in</strong>terchange, social experimentation<br />

and collective action, organization and struggle. The same will be true of<br />

<strong>the</strong> com<strong>in</strong>g stages of social change.<br />

Those who wish to play a mean<strong>in</strong>gful role <strong>in</strong> <strong>in</strong>fluenc<strong>in</strong>g public policy<br />

or chang<strong>in</strong>g its <strong>in</strong>stitutional base must beg<strong>in</strong> with honest <strong>in</strong>quiry, <strong>in</strong><br />

community with o<strong>the</strong>rs if it is to be effective. Whe<strong>the</strong>r one sees oneself<br />

as dedicated to reform or revolution, <strong>the</strong> first steps are education of<br />

oneself and o<strong>the</strong>rs. There will be little hope for fur<strong>the</strong>r progress unless<br />

<strong>the</strong> means to carry out <strong>the</strong>se first steps are preserved and enhanced:<br />

networks of local organizations, media and publishers who do not bend<br />

to state and private power, and so on. These first steps <strong>in</strong>teract: <strong>the</strong><br />

organizations will not function without access to <strong>in</strong>formation and<br />

analysis, <strong>in</strong>dependent media and publish<strong>in</strong>g will not survive without <strong>the</strong><br />

participation and <strong>in</strong>tellectual and f<strong>in</strong>ancial contributions of popular<br />

organizations that grow and develop on <strong>the</strong> basis of shared concerns,<br />

optimally based <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> community, workplace, or o<strong>the</strong>r po<strong>in</strong>ts of social<br />

<strong>in</strong>teraction. To <strong>the</strong> extent that such a basis exists, a range of possible<br />

actions become available: political pressure with<strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> system,<br />

community organiz<strong>in</strong>g, civil disobedience, constructive efforts to create<br />

wholly new <strong>in</strong>stitutions such as worker-managed <strong>in</strong>dustry, and much<br />

else. As activity undertaken <strong>in</strong> such doma<strong>in</strong>s, <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g conventional<br />

political action, extends <strong>in</strong> scale, effectiveness, and popular engagement,<br />

it may well evoke state violence, one sign that it is becom<strong>in</strong>g truly<br />

significant.

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