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Noam Chomsky - Turning the Tide U.S. intervention in

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Patterns of Intervention<br />

Classics <strong>in</strong> Politics: <strong>Turn<strong>in</strong>g</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Tide</strong> <strong>Noam</strong> <strong>Chomsky</strong><br />

193<br />

1981, allow<strong>in</strong>g apologists for US atrocities to ma<strong>in</strong>ta<strong>in</strong> that <strong>the</strong><br />

Sand<strong>in</strong>ista military build-up began prior to US operations, proof of<br />

Sand<strong>in</strong>ista aggressive <strong>in</strong>tent. 100 This is transparent deceit, as <strong>the</strong> actual<br />

record shows, quite apart from <strong>the</strong> question of how Nicaragua is to<br />

succeed <strong>in</strong> its aggression under <strong>the</strong> US shadow. Violent <strong><strong>in</strong>tervention</strong> <strong>in</strong><br />

<strong>the</strong> region rema<strong>in</strong>s primarily <strong>the</strong> monopoly of <strong>the</strong> US, as <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> past.<br />

5.5 The War Moves <strong>in</strong>to High Gear<br />

Return<strong>in</strong>g to El Salvador, with <strong>the</strong> popular organizations effectively<br />

demolished, <strong>the</strong> war shifted to direct attacks aga<strong>in</strong>st <strong>the</strong> civilian<br />

population <strong>in</strong> guerrilla-controlled areas, <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g ground sweeps and<br />

massacres by US-tra<strong>in</strong>ed elite units and an expanded air war. In March<br />

1984, it was revealed publicly that US planes were rapidly <strong>in</strong>creas<strong>in</strong>g<br />

reconnaissance to provide <strong>in</strong>telligence for what <strong>the</strong> government and <strong>the</strong><br />

press call “military operations.” At about <strong>the</strong> same time, <strong>the</strong> rare reports<br />

on <strong>the</strong> air war observed that “bomb<strong>in</strong>g attacks have become much more<br />

accurate <strong>in</strong> recent weeks,” quot<strong>in</strong>g refugees who say: “They used to<br />

bomb and it wouldn’t land near to <strong>the</strong> houses, but now <strong>the</strong>y have<br />

someth<strong>in</strong>g to detect exactly where we are” so “no one is safe <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong>ir<br />

homes, no one is safe anywhere.” The reference is not to military<br />

operations but ra<strong>the</strong>r to what refugees call “<strong>in</strong>discrim<strong>in</strong>ate” bomb<strong>in</strong>g<br />

raids that have turned villages <strong>in</strong>to ghost towns where every structure<br />

has been hit, people cannot cook or hang laundry or <strong>the</strong>y will become<br />

targets for air strikes, and <strong>the</strong> remnants who have not fled spend much<br />

of <strong>the</strong>ir time hid<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> holes <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> ground to escape <strong>the</strong> unremitt<strong>in</strong>g air<br />

attacks that have killed many civilians. Refugees also report <strong>the</strong> use of<br />

<strong>in</strong>cendiary bombs aga<strong>in</strong>st <strong>the</strong> civilian population, ei<strong>the</strong>r napalm or white<br />

phosphorus accord<strong>in</strong>g to a European doctor who <strong>in</strong>spected <strong>the</strong> wounds

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