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Noam Chomsky - Turning the Tide U.S. intervention in

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Patterns of Intervention<br />

Classics <strong>in</strong> Politics: <strong>Turn<strong>in</strong>g</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Tide</strong> <strong>Noam</strong> <strong>Chomsky</strong><br />

192<br />

illegitimate for a country to defend itself aga<strong>in</strong>st attack by <strong>the</strong> US and its<br />

proxies. The fact that <strong>the</strong> topic is even discussed <strong>in</strong> a serious voice is a<br />

great tribute to <strong>the</strong> efficacy of <strong>the</strong> propaganda system. As for <strong>the</strong> claims<br />

about Nicaraguan military might, before which we must quake <strong>in</strong> terror,<br />

discussion of <strong>the</strong> military balance <strong>in</strong> Central America is nonsensical to<br />

beg<strong>in</strong> with, s<strong>in</strong>ce <strong>the</strong> US would react massively <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> case of any<br />

Nicaraguan aggression—or to be more accurate, <strong>the</strong> US would welcome<br />

any act that could be <strong>in</strong>terpreted as aggression with unrestra<strong>in</strong>ed joy,<br />

s<strong>in</strong>ce at last <strong>the</strong> long-yearned for <strong>in</strong>vasion could <strong>the</strong>n be undertaken. But<br />

even if we enter this arena of state propaganda, <strong>the</strong> fevered rhetoric<br />

about Nicaraguan regional predom<strong>in</strong>ance is easily shown to be a<br />

carefully-contrived fraud.<br />

Fur<strong>the</strong>rmore, <strong>the</strong> evidence now available <strong>in</strong>dicates that Nicaragua<br />

began to acquire such military resources as it has after <strong>the</strong> contra<br />

attacks began. Accord<strong>in</strong>g to senior officials at <strong>the</strong> Pentagon, Nicaragua<br />

acquired its first Soviet-made tanks <strong>in</strong> mid-1981: “Until <strong>the</strong>n, ano<strong>the</strong>r<br />

Defense Department official said, <strong>the</strong>y had been receiv<strong>in</strong>g ‘small arms<br />

and light artillery, mostly’.” FDN spokesman Bosco Matamoros stated<br />

“that armed rebels began attacks <strong>in</strong> 1980,” which is “when Sand<strong>in</strong>ista<br />

officials began compla<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g of attacks.” They also date <strong>the</strong>ir “tra<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g<br />

and assistance from <strong>the</strong> Argent<strong>in</strong>e military” to 1980. Rand Corporation<br />

specialist Brian Jenk<strong>in</strong>s, discuss<strong>in</strong>g “<strong>in</strong>direct forms of warfare,” observes<br />

that “Argent<strong>in</strong>a acted as a proxy for <strong>the</strong> United States <strong>in</strong> Central<br />

America,” referr<strong>in</strong>g to Argent<strong>in</strong>a under <strong>the</strong> neo-Nazi generals dur<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong><br />

period when congressional human rights restrictions were hamper<strong>in</strong>g<br />

direct US engagement <strong>in</strong> state terrorism. The formation of a “large<br />

citizen militia” <strong>in</strong> Nicaragua was announced <strong>in</strong> February 1981. 99<br />

Salvadoran aid to <strong>the</strong> contras may have begun <strong>in</strong> 1979 (see section 6.2<br />

below).<br />

The US claims to have authorized CIA aid for <strong>the</strong> contras <strong>in</strong> late

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