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Noam Chomsky - Turning the Tide U.S. intervention in

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Patterns of Intervention<br />

Classics <strong>in</strong> Politics: <strong>Turn<strong>in</strong>g</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Tide</strong> <strong>Noam</strong> <strong>Chomsky</strong><br />

185<br />

end<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong> misery” of <strong>the</strong> country; Duarte refuses negotiation and<br />

ceasefire offers despite <strong>the</strong> pleas of his own supporters, such as <strong>the</strong><br />

centrist Popular Democratic Union, which “demanded” that he accept<br />

<strong>the</strong>se offers by <strong>the</strong> political organization of <strong>the</strong> guerrillas, and despite <strong>the</strong><br />

evident desires of much of <strong>the</strong> population, though not <strong>the</strong> military,<br />

which holds power locally, or <strong>the</strong> superpower boss runn<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong> show to<br />

which Duarte lends a cloak of legitimacy. 81<br />

5.3 Towards “Democracy” <strong>in</strong> El Salvador<br />

The US-organized massacres escalated as Reagan took over. A year<br />

later, <strong>the</strong> Church reported that some 30,000 civilians had been killed<br />

and 600,000 made refugees—13% of <strong>the</strong> population—while Jeane<br />

Kirkpatrick praised <strong>the</strong> “moral quality” of <strong>the</strong> government that was<br />

carry<strong>in</strong>g out <strong>the</strong> slaughter and <strong>the</strong> New Republic declared itself<br />

“pleasantly surprised by <strong>the</strong> development of Reagan policy” <strong>in</strong> Central<br />

America, which is “basically right”; a few months earlier, when <strong>the</strong><br />

massacres had reached <strong>the</strong>ir peak of <strong>in</strong>tensity and horror, <strong>the</strong> editors<br />

had given “Reagan & Co. good marks for <strong>the</strong>ir performance (so far) <strong>in</strong> . .<br />

. El Salvador,” where <strong>the</strong>y had overcome Carter’s obsessive concern for<br />

human rights, illustrated by <strong>the</strong> slightly lower number of victims tortured<br />

and massacred dur<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong> successful campaign launched under his<br />

adm<strong>in</strong>istration to wipe out <strong>the</strong> popular organizations. 82 The numbers of<br />

killed and refugees have doubled s<strong>in</strong>ce, very likely.<br />

When <strong>the</strong> country was sufficiently terrorized and any hope of<br />

<strong>in</strong>dependent politics was elim<strong>in</strong>ated, <strong>the</strong> US ran staged elections, which<br />

are about as mean<strong>in</strong>gful as elections <strong>in</strong> Poland; <strong>the</strong> farce was repeated<br />

<strong>in</strong> 1984, when elections were held <strong>in</strong> an “atmosphere of terror and<br />

despair, of macabre rumour and grisly reality,” <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> words of <strong>the</strong>

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