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Noam Chomsky - Turning the Tide U.S. intervention in

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The Fifth Freedom<br />

Classics <strong>in</strong> Politics: <strong>Turn<strong>in</strong>g</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Tide</strong> <strong>Noam</strong> <strong>Chomsky</strong><br />

123<br />

accord<strong>in</strong>g to Israeli sources, 1000 accord<strong>in</strong>g to testimonies preserved <strong>in</strong><br />

US State Department records—<strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g 75 old men pray<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> a<br />

mosque and 35 families, of whom only three people escaped, <strong>in</strong> a cave<br />

outside of <strong>the</strong> destroyed town where <strong>the</strong>y took refuge. The conquest of<br />

<strong>the</strong> town—but not <strong>the</strong> massacre—was noted at once <strong>in</strong> Israel’s major<br />

journal, Ha’aretz, <strong>in</strong> a report on <strong>the</strong> conquest of “historical sites” from<br />

<strong>the</strong> days of Bar Kochba and <strong>the</strong> Romans, “renew<strong>in</strong>g aga<strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong><br />

connection between <strong>the</strong> people of Israel and <strong>the</strong> Land of Israel.” Israeli<br />

military historians say that <strong>the</strong> affair is known, though not recorded. The<br />

first report appears to be <strong>in</strong> a letter <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> Labor Party journal Davar<br />

(Sept. 4, 1979) by a kibbutz member who deplores <strong>the</strong> “ghetto<br />

mentality” of those who refra<strong>in</strong> from expell<strong>in</strong>g Arabs. He cites<br />

eyewitness testimony by a participant who alleges that women and<br />

children were killed by crush<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong>ir skulls with sticks and that people<br />

were blown up <strong>in</strong> houses, among o<strong>the</strong>r atrocities, “not dur<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong> heat of<br />

battle” but “as a system of expulsion and elim<strong>in</strong>ation.” The story was<br />

f<strong>in</strong>ally unear<strong>the</strong>d by a correspondent for Hadashot <strong>in</strong> 1984 and<br />

presented as newly discovered. Historian Yoram Nimrod writes that <strong>the</strong><br />

background for this slaughter, and <strong>the</strong> general attitude of <strong>the</strong> time that<br />

“<strong>the</strong> Arabs and <strong>the</strong>ir possessions are fair game,” can be traced to <strong>the</strong><br />

attitudes of <strong>the</strong> leadership, who wanted <strong>the</strong> Galilee to be “free [literally,<br />

“clean”] of Arabs” and asserted that “for <strong>the</strong> Arabs of <strong>the</strong> Land of Israel<br />

<strong>the</strong>re rema<strong>in</strong>s only one function: to flee” (David Ben-Gurion), 81 that <strong>the</strong><br />

country must be “homogeneous” and hence with as few Arabs as<br />

possible (Moshe Dayan), and who <strong>in</strong>sisted that <strong>the</strong> Arab civilians who<br />

had fled or had been expelled “cannot and need not return” (Chaim<br />

Weizmann), or even be settled nearby, even if this means reject<strong>in</strong>g<br />

peace overtures (Ben-Gurion). 82<br />

Noth<strong>in</strong>g comparable to <strong>the</strong>se early post-<strong>in</strong>dependence atrocities<br />

aga<strong>in</strong>st <strong>the</strong> <strong>in</strong>digenous population <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> US and Israel can be charged

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