25.03.2013 Views

Noam Chomsky - Turning the Tide U.S. intervention in

Noam Chomsky - Turning the Tide U.S. intervention in

Noam Chomsky - Turning the Tide U.S. intervention in

SHOW MORE
SHOW LESS

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

YUMPU automatically turns print PDFs into web optimized ePapers that Google loves.

The Fifth Freedom<br />

Classics <strong>in</strong> Politics: <strong>Turn<strong>in</strong>g</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Tide</strong> <strong>Noam</strong> <strong>Chomsky</strong><br />

109<br />

must ma<strong>in</strong>ta<strong>in</strong> our military strength, particularly air power: “without<br />

superior air power America is a bound and throttled giant; impotent and<br />

easy prey to any yellow dwarf with a pocket knife.” 56<br />

The sense that we will be “a pitiful, helpless giant” unless we act<br />

forthrightly <strong>in</strong> defense aga<strong>in</strong>st <strong>the</strong> overwhelm<strong>in</strong>g power of our Third<br />

World adversaries, <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> terms used later by President Nixon <strong>in</strong><br />

announc<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong> <strong>in</strong>vasion of Cambodia, is a common refra<strong>in</strong> <strong>in</strong> US<br />

political discourse, rem<strong>in</strong>iscent of a rich and spoiled child who wh<strong>in</strong>es<br />

that he does not have everyth<strong>in</strong>g—though to render <strong>the</strong> image more<br />

accurate, we should place a squadron of storm troopers at <strong>the</strong> child’s<br />

command.<br />

This version of <strong>the</strong> dom<strong>in</strong>o <strong>the</strong>ory is undoubtedly believed at some<br />

level of consciousness, and expresses <strong>in</strong> a vulgar way <strong>the</strong> concerns over<br />

ma<strong>in</strong>ta<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong> “disparity” outl<strong>in</strong>ed <strong>in</strong> more sophisticated terms by<br />

Kennan at <strong>the</strong> time when Lyndon Johnson was voic<strong>in</strong>g his fears about<br />

<strong>the</strong> “yellow dwarves.” This crude dom<strong>in</strong>o <strong>the</strong>ory is, however, regularly<br />

dismissed with scorn if th<strong>in</strong>gs go sour and policy must be revised. But<br />

<strong>the</strong>re is also a rational version of <strong>the</strong> dom<strong>in</strong>o <strong>the</strong>ory, <strong>the</strong> operative<br />

version, which is rarely questioned and has considerable plausibility;<br />

adopt<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong> term<strong>in</strong>ology of <strong>the</strong> planners, we might call it <strong>the</strong> “rotten<br />

apple <strong>the</strong>ory.” The rotten apple <strong>the</strong>ory was outl<strong>in</strong>ed by Dean Acheson<br />

when he concocted a remarkable series of fabrications concern<strong>in</strong>g<br />

alleged Soviet pressure on Greece, Turkey and Iran <strong>in</strong> February 1947 <strong>in</strong><br />

a successful effort to conv<strong>in</strong>ce reluctant congressional leaders to support<br />

<strong>the</strong> Truman Doctr<strong>in</strong>e, an <strong>in</strong>cident that he cites with much pride <strong>in</strong> his<br />

memoirs; “Like apples <strong>in</strong> a barrel <strong>in</strong>fected by one rotten one, <strong>the</strong><br />

corruption of Greece would <strong>in</strong>fect Iran and all to <strong>the</strong> east” and would<br />

“carry <strong>in</strong>fection” to Asia M<strong>in</strong>or, Egypt and Africa, as well as Italy and<br />

France, which were “threatened” by Communist participation <strong>in</strong><br />

democratic politics. 57 This adroit and cynical <strong>in</strong>vocation of a fabricated

Hooray! Your file is uploaded and ready to be published.

Saved successfully!

Ooh no, something went wrong!