Hematology and Clinical Microscopy Glossary - College of American ...
Hematology and Clinical Microscopy Glossary - College of American ...
Hematology and Clinical Microscopy Glossary - College of American ...
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Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) <strong>and</strong> Body Fluid Cell Identification<br />
Mitotic Figure<br />
When a cell undergoes mitosis, the regular features<br />
<strong>of</strong> a nucleus are no longer present. Instead, the<br />
nucleus appears as a dark, irregular mass. It may<br />
take various shapes, including a daisy-like form or<br />
a mass with irregular projections. On rare occasion,<br />
the telophase <strong>of</strong> mitosis may be seen as two<br />
separating masses <strong>of</strong> irregularly shaped nuclear<br />
material (chromosomes).<br />
A cell containing a mitotic figure may or may not be<br />
larger than the cells around it. A mitotic figure may<br />
on occasion be difficult to distinguish from a<br />
degenerating cell, but in a degenerating cell, the<br />
nucleus is <strong>of</strong>ten fragmented into a single or multiple<br />
purple, round, dark-staining, homogeneous<br />
cytoplasmic object(s), without discernable<br />
chromosomal structures.<br />
Stain Precipitate<br />
Wright-Giemsa stain precipitate appears as<br />
metachromatic granular deposits on <strong>and</strong> between<br />
cells, <strong>and</strong> may be confused with bacteria, yeast, or<br />
other parasites. The size <strong>of</strong> the stain droplets varies in<br />
contrast to bacteria <strong>and</strong> yeast, which have a more<br />
uniform morphology.<br />
Starch Granule<br />
Starch granules are best thought <strong>of</strong> as contaminants<br />
from the powder on gloves that are worn by<br />
the physician during the procedure used to obtain<br />
the sample. Size varies from the diameter <strong>of</strong> a red<br />
cell to four to six times larger. With Wright-Giemsa<br />
stain, they are blue to blue-purple <strong>and</strong> irregularly<br />
rounded with a central slit or indentation. When<br />
polarizing filters are used, starch granules<br />
form white “Maltese crosses” against a black<br />
background.<br />
References<br />
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Cerebrospinal Fluid<br />
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Blast-like cells in cerebrospinal fluid <strong>of</strong> neonates.<br />
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Fritz CL, Glaser CA. Ehrlichiosis. Infect dis clin North<br />
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evaluation <strong>of</strong> cryptococcal infections in the<br />
acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Diagn<br />
Microbiol Infect Dis. 1987;7(4):249–254.<br />
Hyun BH, Salazer GH. Cerebrospinal fluid cells in<br />
leukemias, lymphomas, <strong>and</strong> myeloma. Lab Med.<br />
1985;16:667–670.<br />
Kolmel HW. Atlas <strong>of</strong> Cerebrospinal Fluid Cells. New<br />
York, NY: Springer-Verlag; 1976.<br />
Kovacs JA, Kovacs AA, Polis M, et al.<br />
Cryptococcosis in the acquired immunodeficiency<br />
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56 <strong>College</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>American</strong> Pathologists<br />
2012 <strong>Hematology</strong>, <strong>Clinical</strong> <strong>Microscopy</strong>, <strong>and</strong> Body Fluids <strong>Glossary</strong>