A study case on coffee (Coffea arabica): Limu Coffe - IRD

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Flowers are white and generally pentamerous. The flower buds are produced at the leaf axils of mature green wood. Temperature and drought bring buds into dormancy. After several weeks of water stress, rain induces flower growth followed by opening within eight to ten days. Fertilization takes place after pollination where the fusion of one male nucleus and the polar nuclei forms endosperm. It is this endosperm that forms the coffee bean. Illustration 2: Coffee flower (Bossolasco, 10 th October 2009) The fruit of the coffee tree is a drupe which normally contains two seeds; these ones are flat on one side. When a single seed develops, its shape is oval and gets called peaberry. Fruit is commonly referred to as cherry when ripe, and as berry when unripe. Five periods can be distinguished during the growth of the berry: pinhead, rapid fruit growth, endosperm growth, endosperm hardening, and fruit ripening. The whole takes seven to eleven months (the most of it eight to ten months). The coffee fruit is oval. When unripe the colour is green, and when ripe the skin is red (yellow for some varieties). The seed is covered with a thin membrane (silver skin). Above the silver skin is the parchment. A coating of slimy mucilage covers the parchment. The fleshy outer covering comprises the pulp and skin. Illustration 3: Coffee red cherries, pulp, and beans covered by their sticky mucilage (Bossolasco, 1 st July 2009) 6
Greens to sun drying Floaters to sun drying Water to recycling Pulp to composting Water to waste Water to recycling 1.2) Two ways of processing coffee: the dry and wet methods WET PROCESS DRY PROCESS Cherry reception/sorting Flotation-wet feed Pulper machine Pregrading channel Fermentation tanks Washing Grading channel Heavies and lights separated Skin drying – remove all free/excess water Sun drying Rubbish to waste Rubbish to waste Household steps Akhrabies, Investors and Service cooperatives processing plants Storage and conditioning Cherry reception/sorting (according to size, density and colour of beans) Sun drying and raking Storage Hulleries, Dried husk and parchment removed Illustration 4: Wet and Dry methods (adapted from the International Trade Center, 2002) 7
Page 1 and 2: A study ca
Page 3 and 4: Several names In the 14 th and 15 t
Page 5: eighteen improved cultivars/varieti
Page 9 and 10: 1.3) Quality seen by the value chai
Page 11 and 12: Producers A thirty-seven-years-old
Page 13 and 14: Purpose Cooperative Union 14 are re
Page 15 and 16: Step 1: Collection of different cof
Page 17 and 18: Region Sidamo Limu Gimbi Harar Yirg
Page 19 and 20: - About Ethiopian Limu Wild Grown (
Page 21 and 22: Before 1996, Ethiopia was divided i
Page 23 and 24: After opposition defeated the DERG
Page 25: 27 Yembaro Dhidesa Limu-2 Jima-4/5
Page 28 and 29: 3.2) Limu Kosa climate and physical
Page 30 and 31: forests 25 , and man made forests a
Page 32 and 33: Botanical name 3.3.2) Vernacular na
Page 34 and 35: Eucalyptus Key bahir zaf Red river
Page 36 and 37: The kingdom of Limmu-Ennarea was a
Page 38 and 39: virgin forests of which the local i
Page 40 and 41: that they were the property of Hail
Page 42 and 43: 4.1.3) Small-holder or garden coffe
Page 44 and 45: English Amharic Oromic Home garden
Page 46 and 47: 300 members. The average production
Page 48 and 49: 4.3) Land property rules 4.3.1) Agr
Page 50 and 51: field) committee which is a measure
Page 52 and 53: Consequently eviction was rare and
Page 54 and 55: socialist government in military di
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whereas poorer households difficult
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Kebele Average farm area 45 (ha) Av
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What do coffee plots mean in the Li
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A third remark could be the existin
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phenomenon linking friends and neig
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Coffee can also be used in other ce
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tona and baraka. In this myth, char
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I kindly request you to make sure t
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It is probable that coffee plant or
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et, groceries, dwellers), all coffe
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Akhrabies (suppliers & wholesalers)
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an Harar 4 an Harar 4, etc. but as
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Investors are new comers in the Eth
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Sebsabies Their role was to bring c
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Cooperative Unions Cooperative unio
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chief executive Eleni Guebre Madhin
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eaction of these frustrated actors
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The arrival coffee test, Addis Abeb
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Unwashed coffees Type/Name Origin S
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Cup quality value Cup cleanness (15
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The Ethiopian Commodity Exchange Au
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Then coffee for export gets commonl
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as explained me a French importer:
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Each coffee producing woreda presen
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Limu Kosa coffee production & marke
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Name of sector Kind of coffee Coope
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- Non organic substances are not al
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Limu coffee is particularly good be
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Area under coffee plantation Mature
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6.3) A current and coming decentral
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The Ethiopia Commodity Exchange Aut
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40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 December 2
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3000 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 0 Dece
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Farmer 2: He produced three bags in
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the not picked on time and therefor
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7) Assessment of the product as a G
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1. To be eligible to use a PDO or a
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7.1.6) Differences between GIs and
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een difficult. Indeed, certificatio
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“Merits are that GIs allow collec
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Akhrabies represent a homogeneous c
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Illustration 55: Debacon forest 3)
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“In respect of the geographical i
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The average productivity is 700 kg
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Illustrations table Table 1: Limu c
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Illustration 34: Daily labourers in
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Bibliography STELLMACHER, T., 2007:
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Annexes Home Garden Project pre <st
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Justification: The institutional co
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Commercial and economic aspects Des
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L Limu Seka coffee production & mar
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Activities 1 NURSERY OPERATION Mont
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Activities Months July Aug Sept Oct
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Proclamation no. 602/2008: A procla
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22) “Coffee trade” means acts i
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4) ensure, before loading coffee fo
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1) purchase the coffee for such pur
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Sources of income 1 Coffee Chat Cof
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WHEREAS, Licensor owns all right, t
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3. OWNERSHIP OF MARKS Licensee ackn
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9. INDEMNIFICATION Licensee shall i
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trustees, receivers, successors or
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SCHEDULE A MARK COUNTRY APP. NO. FI
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MARK COUNTRY SIDAMO in Japanese Jap
Page 185 and 186:
SCHEDULE C All notices and other co
Page 187:
Buna bet: Literally “coffee bar
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A study case on coffee (Coffea arabica): Limu Coffe - IRD

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