A study case on coffee (Coffea arabica): Limu Coffe - IRD
A study case on coffee (Coffea arabica): Limu Coffe - IRD
A study case on coffee (Coffea arabica): Limu Coffe - IRD
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Illustrati<strong>on</strong> 23: Dino forest semi-forest trees (Bossolasco, 26 th August 2009)<br />
- This situati<strong>on</strong> gets complicated by the coming of new <strong>coffee</strong> actors, the investors,<br />
who obtain their land in usufruct from the regi<strong>on</strong>al government (Oromic regi<strong>on</strong>al<br />
government). The government encourages the plantati<strong>on</strong> in forest by giving large lands of<br />
forest to investors for a limited time and with c<strong>on</strong>diti<strong>on</strong>s. Investors can manage the forest for<br />
40 years. These lands were before used by partial usufruct but were c<strong>on</strong>sidered wr<strong>on</strong>g<br />
managed (Avril, 2008). But sometimes investors obtain their land from smallholders too. It is<br />
forbidden to send land, but illegal agreements exist between investors purchasing land to<br />
peasants as told me a Jima investment office worker with who I visited some investors’ land<br />
in Debac<strong>on</strong> forest (<strong>Limu</strong> Kosa woreda, Caffee Ilfata and Gallee Jimaatee kebeles) to adjust<br />
the boundaries with an another investor. As it occurred in this forest, violent c<strong>on</strong>flicts happen<br />
between investors.<br />
4.3.2) Home garden property<br />
The government policy is that each farmer has to be certified <strong>on</strong> his land, even if land<br />
remains an Ethiopian property. Land certificate provides usufruct lands to farmers. Peasants<br />
want it, are very interested: “The land is mine”. The land certificate makes them care more<br />
about the management. Through this land certificati<strong>on</strong> the government aim is to catch taxes,<br />
fixing populati<strong>on</strong>s by the way. Before certificati<strong>on</strong>, farmers didn’t feel that the land was<br />
theirs. During DERG regime, little farmers inherit lands from state but where afraid because<br />
state could take it for public associati<strong>on</strong>s or other redistributi<strong>on</strong>s. The certificate makes<br />
farmers plant <strong>coffee</strong> trees. The property <strong>on</strong> land gives them safety about the holding of the<br />
land, and so of perennial crops such as <strong>coffee</strong>, if they keep <strong>on</strong> paying taxes. To pay these<br />
taxes, they have to generate incomes, to intensify their producti<strong>on</strong>. That’s why certificati<strong>on</strong><br />
incites farmers to well manage their crops. Each farmers’ associati<strong>on</strong> has its own land (or<br />
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