Integrated Lake Basin Management (ILBM),

Integrated Lake Basin Management (ILBM),
ILBM-G India : 2003 - 2010)
International workshop on ILBM, Hyderabad, Aug. 2008
Bhoj wetlands, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India - 9-10 th August 2009
Lakes of Udaipur, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India – 12 th August 2009
Pushkar and Annasagar, Ajmer, Rajasthan 14-15th August 2009
Ujjani lake, Maharashtra, January 2010
Nathsagar, Jaikwad project, Maharashtra – 7 th Feb. 2010
Chilika lake, Orissa, India 2009
1. Institutions,
2. Policies,
3. Participation ,
4. Technologies,
5. Information,
6. Finance

1. International Workshop on
ILBM Hyderabad, India
Nov. 2008
2. ILBM Brain storming session on Bhoj
wetlands, Bhopal 9-10 th Aug., 2009
ILEC/Lake Net Lake Basin
Management Initiative
1-4 th Sept 2003
ILEC- Managing lakes and their
Bains for sustainable use - 2005
ILEC WLV Action Reports
2007
ILBM-G
Indian component
ILBM Network
of South Asia -
2010
3. Int Workshop on Udairpur lakes
12 th Aug. 2009
4. Consutative meeting on Pushkar
and Anasagar, PushkarAjmer, India

Projected water scenario by 2025
Global water scenario by 2025 : India will be a water stressed region by 2017 with decline of per capita availability of water
from 2,200 m 3 in 2000 to 1600 m 3 in 2017. By 2025 water will be the limiting factor for development and or
sustainability in all the sectors of national activities. On this background there is an urgent need to conserve
and manage available freshwater resources in the form mainly of of rivers, lakes and reservoirs.

18% of world’s
population in
2% of its land mass
South Asia
Association for
Regional Cooperation
(SAARC).
1. India
2. Nepal
3. Bhutan
4. Bangladesh
5. Sri Lanka
6. Maldives and
7. Pakistan
2
4
1
5
6
3
“Water stressed “ the countries in South Asia are also facing
water crisis mainly on account of an increasing demand of
freshwater in all sectors of human activities.
7
ILBM- India
1. Pushkar [Rajasthan]
2. Udaisagar [Rajasthan]
3. Bhoj wetlands [MP]
4. Ujjani lake [Maharashtra]
5. Nath sagar [Maharashtra]
6. Hussainsagar [AP] and
7. Chilika [Orissa]

Understanding of relationship between Basin, Lake and Command can help
in developing and implementing ILBM strategies
Rural
Basin
A
LAKE
Rural
Command
B
C
LAKE
C
B
Urban
Basin
D
LAKE
Urban
Command
ILBM model for sustainable management of lake/reservoir can be built based on
characteristics of all the three attributes of a lake ecosystem
Viz. Basin, Water body and command

Lake
A
B
C
D
Temple tanks
Pushkar
ILBM can be applied to a variety of lake situations
Examples
Reservoirs on rivers and tributaries :
Ujjani,
Bhoj wetland
Impoundments based on topography :
Hussaisagar
Chilika
Anasagar
Reservoirs down stream of Urban areas :
Udaisagar
Characteristics
•Well established management system under
irrigation departments in the states.
•Water quality issues due to up-land chemical
intensive agriculture and industrial developments.
•Competition for water among different user sectors
•Siltation from deforestation in the catcment
•Chemical intensive agriculture
•Siltation due to deforestation
•Urbanization and industrialization
•Poor water quality
•Hydrological issues
•Ground water exploitation
•Degradation of catchment
•Highly urbanized and /or industrialized basin
•Eutrophication as well as toxicity
•Reduced biodiversity.
•Health hazards
•Ground water pollution

A. Yeshwantsagar [Ujjani lake] is a riverine irrigation reservoir constructed in June 1980. The
Upper Bhima Basin (UBB) has the catchment of 4,700 sq km and Ujjani lake is situated at
the terminal end of this river basin. It is example of Rural attributes

ILBM Challenges in UBB and Ujjani reservoir
Challenge 1 : Equity in the face of variability and scarcity
Challenge 2 : How to satisfy rapidly changing pattern of competing water demands
Challenge 3. Investment for sewage treatment
Challenge 4 : Integration of technologies with eco-technologies – A green approach
Challenge 5 : How to tackle the problem of toxic industrial solid and liquid waste
Challnenge 6 : Resolution of urban-rural conflict
Challenge 7 : Mitigation of pollution impact on Ujjani reservoir and its command
Challenge 8 : Protection of Ujjani brid sanctuary
Challenge 9 : Utilization of biological resources of the lake
Challenge 10 : Development of Eco-tourism, educational activities and
awareness campaigns

ILBM- Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
Dr. M.S.Kodarkar, Member, ILEC, Sci-Com & Secretary, IAAB, Hyderabad; Prof. Ravindra Jain,
Hon'ble, V.C., Barkatullah University; Sri Alok Srvastava, Principal Secretary, Govt. of Madhya
Pradesh; Dr. Masahisa Nakamura, Chairman, ILEC, Sci-Com & Coordinator ILBM-G project and
Dr. Pradeep Srivatsave, Dean, Faculty of Science
Flock of painted storks in the back waters of upper lake. Thick plantation in the
bioconservation zone of the Upper lake is visible.
Dr. Masahis Nakamura, Chairman, ILEC Sci-Com and coordinator
of ILBM-G project addressing
Dr. M.S.Kodarkar, Dr. Supernana Mishra, Dr. M. Nakamura (Japan), Dr.,
Mr. Shailendra Pokharel (Nepal), Dr. Vipin Vyas and Sri. Sunil Deshpande

B. Upper lake, Bhoj wetlands, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India :
The basin is rural, water body semi-urban and command totally urbanised
Upper Lake
Basin : 361 Km 2
Submergence : 30.72 Km2
Lower Lake

1.
Institutions
2.
Policies
3.
Participation
4.
Technologies
5.
Knowledge
and
information
6.
Finance :
ILBM analysis of Bhoj wetlands, Bhopal, M.P.
Lake Conservation Authority (LCA) needs to be further empowered and funded for long term action
plans.
Basin management being a dynamic process, policies need to be dynamic as new challenges emerge in
short and long time spans.
Policy frame work for developing a synergy between rural catchment.
An ILBM platform in the form of Bhoj Sarovar Samvardhini [Conservation and Mangement Sociwty]
BSS - is proposed to ensure stake holders participation. The Lake interpretation centre needs face lift
and advertisement to attract more visitors..
Organic farming, silt trapping and aforestation.
Green belt of bio-conservation zone around the lake is one of the most successful action. Impact of
The I and D work needs further extension to newly developing areas around the lake.
Eco-technologies needs to be implemented to compliment technological interventions.
A knowledge base generated through research need to be translated in to implementable actions.
Barkatullah University, Bhopal, can play an important role in generating and maintaining data base.
Smooth flow of goods and services require committed finances for a variety of follow-up actions.
Ways and means need to be developed to generate finances from beneficiaries and funding agencies. PPP
needs to be explored.Governments.

L Dr. M. Nakamura, Chairman, ILEC, Sci-Com, Japan; Dr Tej Razdan,
Chairman, Jheel Sanrakshan Samiti (JSS); Shriji Arvind Singh Ji
Mewar, Chairman and Managing Trustee of Maharana of Mewar
Charitable Foundation (MMCF), Udaipur; Sri. Gulab Chand Kataria,
MLA, Udaipur; Shri Raghuveer Singh Ji Meena, M.P.
Marble slurry dumped in the catchment of Swaroopsagar
ILBM : Udaipur lakes, Rajasthan, India
ILBM team, Udaipur and Pushkar, Rajasthan L Dr Tej Razdan, Chairman, Jheel
Sanrakshan Samiti (JSS); Dr. M. Nakamura, Chairman, ILEC, Sci-Com, Japan and
Padma Bhushan, Prof Jagat S. Mehta, Chairman, Jheel Snrakshan samiti and
others
Foam filled sewage drain from Udaipur city Victim of Udaisagar pollution

Pichhola
Udaisagar

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Udaipur lakes, Udaipur, Rakasthan
Better co-operation, co-ordination and integrating out look between Municipal/Governmental departments/
organizations will be basic to success of management actions.
Inter-basin transfer of water from Sabermati basin is identified as a solution for environmental problems of
Udaipur lakes – Opinion on such linkages is highly polarized.
Dumping of solid waste and marble slurry in the basin needs to be stopped.
Sewage management needs in-depth study and action plans to prevent pollution of Udaisagar lake.
Jheel Samrakshan Samiti - JSS - is actively pursuing the cause of lake protection and conservation.
Stake holders groups and farmers dependent on Udaisagar lake are active in the movement for lakes and there is
a need of integrating their efforts in the conservation and management programmes.
Sewage regulation : Interception and Diversion of sewage and regulation of Inter-lake flow of water is already
implemented. However, there is a need of implementing 'in lake' actions like aeration, fish culture, weed and
Solid waste management.
Findings from research being carried out by professional/educational institutions needs to be implanted in the
form of executable ground level actions for maintaining ecological health of the lakes.
The conservation programmes are being funded by Ministry of Environment and Forests - MOEF - through
National Lake Conservation Programme - NLCP. However, planning for post-project sustenance of implemented
actions will be the real challenge. Budgetary allocation of funds for annual maintenance of lakes could be a
strong measure for long term conservation .

Topography of Pushkar-Anasagar lakes,
Ajmer, Rajasthan, India
ILBM team meeting with Divisional Commissioner, Ajmer, Shri Atul
Sharma and others. Shri Ansntprashad Ganeriwal, Pushkar, facilitated
the interaction between visiting Inter national ILBM team,
Government agency and representatives of civil society.
Bird’s eye view of Pushkar lake in good times

Over exploitation of ground water
for agriculture in the basin
Deforested hills in the lake basin
Evaporation and percolation of
water from lake due to high
temperature and sandy bottom
of lake

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Pushakar, Ajmer, Rajasthan
A coordination and cooperation between different administrative wings of state government.
Regulation of change in land use pattern to maintain basin character is basic to protection of a lake.
The basin is rural with vast agriculture and policies on application of chemicals and fertilizers is very vital for
water quality of the lake.
A policy for development of a synergy between pre-dominantly rural basin and the lake communities is
necessary.
A 1000 meters Bio-conservation zone needs to be created around the lake with plantation of multiple plant
species resistant to drought like conditions.
To reorient agriculture based on limited water and regulation on exploitation of ground water need cooperation
of rural communities.
The lake dependent communities need to extend their cooperation in maintaining the lake.
A platform for cross-community dialogue in the form of Pushkar Sarovar Samvardhini needs to be created to
speared awareness and evolve conservation plans based on developing environmental challenges.
Organic farming, silt trapping through Gabion structures and aforestation needs top priority.
Technologies (like tissue culture) to protect and propagate local plant gene pool.
Bottom scaping of lake for better protection of biodiversity.
Aeration of water to recycle organic load on the lake.
Treatment of water and bottom to prevent evaporative water loss and loss of water by percolation.
Traditional colourful arts and crafts need to be brought in to awareness creation.
An annual lake festival can make a big difference in understanding significance of the water resource.
A Pushkar lake information centre can be established.
Proper utilization of funds channeled for different rural development schemes.
The Pushkar municipality needs to make budgetary allocation of funds for maintenance of the lake.

Lessons learned
Indian ILBM experience has brought out following aspects :
1. ILBM as civil society initiative has potential to influence decision making and
implantation processes in the water sector :
Ujjani ILBM has initiated discussion in Go, NGO sector
2. ILBM acts as a trigger for Public Private initiatives for conservation and
management of water resources :
Udaysagar conservation project after ILBMG workshop in Udaipur
3. ILBM offers an integrated platform for diverse stake holders to deliberate on
conservation issues in water sector :
Brain storming session on Bhoj wetland has initiated processes in Lake
development authority, University and NGOs
4. ILBM has a potential to involve stake holders in good governance in water :
Lake conservation and management societies being established in many
places
To sustain the momentum generated an ILBM network of South Asia being
established soon

Constructed in 1562, more than 450 years old lake Hussainsagar is an engineering marvel. Of the four sub-basins
making its catchment, Kukatpally is extensive industrialized and is the source of industrial pollution. Other three
basins bring in large volumes of sewage that sustains hydrology of the lake. The lake is extensively developed into
recreational zone by Hyderabad Urban Development Authority under Green Hyderabad Project (GHP) funded by
Netherlands Government.

Powai lake, Mumbai, a megacity of more than 1 billion population is an ecological land mark in
concrete jungle. The lake ecosystem is under extreme urban stress and needs actions for its
protection and conservation. An ILBM document is under preparation. Powai lake conservation
society is already established to initiate actions.
Lonar lake, Maharashtra : An inland saline lake created by meteoric impact thousands of years back,
is an ecological wonder. Under stress from urbanization of surrounding areas and extensive ground water extraction
and surface water storages around. The unique ecosystem needs special inititives based on principles of ILBM

Regd.No. 307/81.
INDIAN ASSOCIATION OF AQUATIC BIOLOGISTS,
P.O.Box. 517, Ramkote Sub-Post Office,,
Hyderabad - 500 095, Andhra Pradesh, India.
IAAB Website : www.aquabiol.org (Proposed)
e-mail : kodarkar_mohan@yahoo.com
Lakesmission@yahoo,com
Jaquabiol@yahoo.co.uk
Phone : 091 040 2406 1539
Cell : 091 09246591539
Thank you