Martial Arts Of The World - Webs
Martial Arts Of The World - Webs Martial Arts Of The World - Webs
Two students at the Shen Wu Academy of Martial Arts in Garden Grove, California, hone their xingyiquan skills. (Courtesy of Tim Cartmell) 776 Xingyiquan (Hsing I Ch’uan) Cao Jiwu had a disciple named Dai Longbang who had previously been a taijiquan master. He trained his two sons, who introduced him to a farmer named Li Luoneng (Li Lao Nan). Li Luoneng studied for ten years and took xingyi back to his home province of Hebei. In the Hebei province, xingyiquan absorbed some of the local techniques of another boxing system, baguazhang, to become the Hebei style. Two stories exist of how this occurred. The more colorful one is that a Dong Haichuan, the founder of baguazhang, fought Li Luoneng’s top student, Guo Yunshen, for three days, with neither being able to win. Impressed with each other’s techniques, they began cross-training their students in the two arts. More probable is the story that many masters of both systems lived in this province, and many became friends—especially bagua’s Cheng Tinghua and xingyi’s Li Cunyi. From these friendships, cross-training occurred and the Hebei style developed. The Yiquan (I Ch’uan) school derives from Guo Yunshen’s student and kinsman, Wang Xiangzhai. His style places a great emphasis on static meditation while in a standing position. During World War II, Wang defeated several Japanese swordsmen and jûdôka (practitioners of jûdô). When invited, Wang turned down an opportunity to teach his art in Japan. However, one of his opponents, Kenichi Sawai, later became his student and introduced Wang’s style of xingyi into Japan as Taiki-Ken.
A student practices xingyiquan at the Shen Wu Academy of Martial Arts in Garden Grove, California. (Courtesy of Tim Cartmell) Training in xingyi consists of a series of standing meditations (called “standing stake”), stretching and conditioning exercises sometimes called qigong (chi kung), a series of forms, and one- and two-man drills. The Shanxi, Hebei, and Yiquan systems share the five basic fists (beng quan [crushing fist], pi [chopping], pao [pounding], zuan [drilling], and heng [crossing]), which are named for the elements of Daoist cosmology: wood, metal, fire, water, and earth. There are also twelve animals upon which forms are based in these styles: dragon, tiger, bear, eagle, horse, ostrich, alligator, hawk, chicken, sparrow, snake, and monkey. Because the names represent Chinese characters, the names of some of the animals may change between styles and even from teacher to teacher. For example, alligator may be called snapping turtle or water dragon, and ostrich may be called tai bird, crane, or phoenix. Some styles combine the bear and eagle into one bear-eagle form. In general, the Shanxi styles have the most complicated animal sets and the most weapon forms, while the Yiquan styles are the simplest. Henan style, which has been practiced extensively among Chinese Moslems, is the simplest, in that it does not use the five elemental fists and its animal forms are based on only ten animals. The animal forms are also very short, consisting of one or two moves each. Weapons used in xingyi include the spear (often considered the archetypal xingyi weapon), the staff, the double-edged sword, the cutlass or Xingyiquan (Hsing I Ch’uan) 777
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A student practices xingyiquan at the Shen Wu Academy of <strong>Martial</strong> <strong>Arts</strong> in Garden Grove, California. (Courtesy of<br />
Tim Cartmell)<br />
Training in xingyi consists of a series of standing meditations (called<br />
“standing stake”), stretching and conditioning exercises sometimes called<br />
qigong (chi kung), a series of forms, and one- and two-man drills. <strong>The</strong><br />
Shanxi, Hebei, and Yiquan systems share the five basic fists (beng quan<br />
[crushing fist], pi [chopping], pao [pounding], zuan [drilling], and heng<br />
[crossing]), which are named for the elements of Daoist cosmology: wood,<br />
metal, fire, water, and earth.<br />
<strong>The</strong>re are also twelve animals upon which forms are based in these<br />
styles: dragon, tiger, bear, eagle, horse, ostrich, alligator, hawk, chicken,<br />
sparrow, snake, and monkey. Because the names represent Chinese characters,<br />
the names of some of the animals may change between styles and even<br />
from teacher to teacher. For example, alligator may be called snapping turtle<br />
or water dragon, and ostrich may be called tai bird, crane, or phoenix.<br />
Some styles combine the bear and eagle into one bear-eagle form. In general,<br />
the Shanxi styles have the most complicated animal sets and the most<br />
weapon forms, while the Yiquan styles are the simplest. Henan style, which<br />
has been practiced extensively among Chinese Moslems, is the simplest, in<br />
that it does not use the five elemental fists and its animal forms are based<br />
on only ten animals. <strong>The</strong> animal forms are also very short, consisting of<br />
one or two moves each.<br />
Weapons used in xingyi include the spear (often considered the archetypal<br />
xingyi weapon), the staff, the double-edged sword, the cutlass or<br />
Xingyiquan (Hsing I Ch’uan) 777