Biodiversity of Wielangta Forest - Wild Wielangta - Edublogs

The Biodiversity of 

Wielangta Forest 

August 2011 

Wielangta – Aboriginal for ‘Tall Trees’ – Oyster Bay (Paredarerme) Tribe

Report produced with assistance from: 

The Biodiversity of 

Wielangta Forest 

August 2011 

Funding, for the independent production of this report, 

was provided by Dr Bob Brown 

ii 

Biodiversity of Wielangta Forest 

Distributed by Wild Wielangta: 

http://wildwielangta.edublogs.org 

Wild Wielangta 

PO Box 420 

Sorell TAS 7172 

wildwielangta@gmail.com 

Wild Wielangta

Summary 

iii 


The following report reviews the biological conservation values of Wielangta Forest and 

maps forest of high conservation significance. 

A new reserve system for Wielangta is proposed that better captures the biodiversity values 

thus ensuring their long term conservation. 

Flora 

Fauna 

• Highly diverse, the Wielangta area has been identified as a centre for flora 

endemism, containing 30% of all Tasmanian flora species. 

• Twenty six threatened plant species are identified along with several that are highly 

significant including some of biogeographical importance. Wielangta is likely to 

provide an important refuge, securing habitat in the event of climate change. 

• The recently discovered Wielangta bird orchid is a species new to science, and is 

awaiting formal description. 

• Previous assessments have identified 11 floristic communities as having the highest 

conservation significance. 

• The area is biogeographically significant for many other plant species not listed as 

threatened. 

• Eucalypt species richness is unusually high and includes at least 18 species, with 

several rare and isolated occurrences. 

• Relict rainforest and mixed forest communities in Wielangta are identified as 

extremely important biogeographically, susceptible to harvesting, and not accurately 

identified under previous mapping practices. 

• At least 8 threatened fauna occur in Wielangta. Four species are listed as nationally 

endangered, including the swift parrot, which is now nominated for up listing under 

the Commonwealth Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 

(EPBCA) as critically endangered. 

• Wielangta provides the core range (almost 50% of habitat) for the broad toothed 

stag beetle. Nearly all this habitat is located within provisional logging coupes. 

• The study area supports a relatively high density of Tasmanian wedge tailed eagle 

nests, with ideal nesting and foraging habitat. 

• Wielangta is recognised as the heart of the largest Swift Parrot Important Breeding 

Area (SPIBA). The Wielangta SPIBA provides the greatest known area of nesting 

habitat adjacent to foraging habitat. The report identifies significant areas of 

unreserved nesting and foraging habitat. 


GeoConservation 

iv 


• Four significant sites occur within the Wielangta area including one of national 

significance, two of state significance and one of local significance. 

Wielangta Reserve Extension 

It is proposed that the Wielangta Reserve be extended consolidating several fragmented 

reserves into one integrated reserve. 

Wild Wielangta proposes that a new Wielangta State Reserve be established occupying an 

area of 10,887 ha. The proposals also include the reservation of three additional 

unconnected but important areas of public land which collectively occupy 1059 ha. These 

changes would add an extra 6215 ha to the Tasmanian formal reserve system. 

The revised boundaries will protect all of Wielangta's natural values and will conserve certain 

key environments currently susceptible to standard silvicultural practices. On completion of 

harvesting a small but vital area of plantation forest, adjoining the Sandspit Reserve, could 

be restored to native forest and incorporated into the new reserve. 

Wild Wielangta recognises the Tasmanian Forests Intergovernmental Agreement which 

identifies a process for reserving high conservation forest throughout Tasmania. This 

process identifies a lesser area (5120 ha) for reservation than that proposed by Wild 

Wielangta. 

National Heritage Listing 

The full compliment of ecological value of the Wielangta Forest incorporates some areas of 

private land adjoining the proposed reserve. It is the view of Wild Wielangta that this 

enlarged area is worthy of inclusion on the National Heritage list. This mechanism will 

ensure that the special values of Wielangta are recognised at the national level and afforded 

full protection through the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999. 

Acknowledgements: 

Report: Andrew North and Aleida Williams of North Barker Ecosystem Services for research, analysis 

and mapping. 

Report edits: Steve Turner, Wild Wielangta. 

Photographs: Rob Blakers (cover and inside cover), Andrew North (unless cited), Alan Fletcher, Bob 

Brown on Trial Website, Chris Tzaros, Mark Wapstra, Steve Turner. 

Illustrations: Mel Hills, Mel Hills * Wild Art. 

Wild Wielangta Graphic Design Logos: Gordon Harrison-Williams, WorkHorse. 


Contents 

v 


Introduction.............................................................................................................................1 

The Study Area.........................................................................................................................2 

Tenure........................................................................................................................................4 

Climate.......................................................................................................................................6 

Geology and Geomorphology....................................................................................................6 

Vegetation ...............................................................................................................................7 

Old Growth...............................................................................................................................14 

Threatened Communities ........................................................................................................15 

Other Significant Vegetation....................................................................................................16 

Rainforest and Mixed Forest....................................................................................................16 

Eucalypt Forest with Oyster Bay Pine ......................................................................................18 

Biodiversity............................................................................................................................ 20 

Flora .........................................................................................................................................20 

Non Vascular Plants .................................................................................................................20 

Vascular Plants .........................................................................................................................20 

Threatened Flora......................................................................................................................21 

Significant Flora........................................................................................................................28 

Uncommon eucalypts ..............................................................................................................29 

Fauna........................................................................................................................................32 

Threatened Fauna....................................................................................................................32 

Forestry Impacts .................................................................................................................... 40 

Conservation Assessment and Recommendations................................................................... 43 

Forest of High Conservation Significance ................................................................................43 

Wild Wielangta Reserve Proposal............................................................................................46 

Tasmanian Forests Intergovernmental Agreement.................................................................49 

National Heritage Listing..........................................................................................................51 

References............................................................................................................................. 52 

Appendix 1: Previous Assessments..........................................................................................54 

Appendix 2: Native Vegetation Communities of Wielangta....................................................55 

Appendix 2: Native Vegetation Communities of Wielangta....................................................55 

Appendix 3: Vascular Plant Species of Wielangta...................................................................57 

Appendix 4: Fauna Species of Wielangta................................................................................71 


Figures 

vi 


Figure 1 Location of Wielangta.................................................................................................................2 

Figure 2 Wielangta Forest .......................................................................................................................3 

Figure 3 Land Tenure................................................................................................................................5 

Figure 4 Vegetation Types........................................................................................................................8 

Figure 5 Vegetation Communities..........................................................................................................12 

Figure 6 Rainforest and Mixed forest.....................................................................................................17 

Figure 7 Callitris rhomboidea in Wielangta ............................................................................................19 

Figure 8 Threatened Flora ......................................................................................................................24 

Figure 9 Swift Parrot Habitat..................................................................................................................36 

Figure 10 Eagle and Peregrine Falcon Nests...........................................................................................38 

Figure 11 Forestry in Wielangta .............................................................................................................42 

Figure 12 High Conservation Values in Wielangta .................................................................................44 

Figure 13 High Conservation Vegetation in Wielangta ..........................................................................45 

Figure 14 Wild Wielangta Reserve Proposal ..........................................................................................48 

Figure 15 Tasmanian Forests Intergovernmental Agreement Reserve Proposal...................................50 


Introduction 

1 


Wielangta Forest is a large area of forested land on the east coast extending south from Orford to 

Marion Bay. Its extent westwards is less well defined, but generally accepted as approximating to 

Nugent. 

In the minds of Government agencies Wielangta Forest may be associated more with the Wielangta 

Forest block - State Forest in the centre of the area. To others it includes some or all of the adjoining 

land tenures that form the various State Reserves. Ecologically, the land does not follow tenure 

boundaries. The forested land extends into private ownership. Functionally as a land system, it 

encapsulates some of the cleared farming land that irregularly incises the remaining native 

vegetation. At the centre of the area is the remnant of the sawmill town of Wielangta with surviving 

school house and scattered residences. 

Wielangta Forest has been the focus of numerous studies and assessments. It has in recent times 

been used as the subject of a High Court challenge, as a test case of the Regional Forest Agreement 

and the Commonwealth EPBC Act. It is one amongst many Tasmanian hotspots of contention within 

the conflict between the forest industry and nature conservation. 

The aim of this report is to provide a single source of information summarising the known biological 

values of the Wielangta Forest and surrounds. 


The Study Area 

2 


For the purposes of this study, boundaries utilise recognised land marks. Broadly speaking the 

eastern boundary is the coast, the northern boundary follows the Tasman Highway west from Orford 

to Buckland, the western boundary is defined by the Nugent Road and the southern boundary is 

perhaps less clear, utilising available roads and tracks so as to pick up Iles Tier in the far southwest 

corner. Other key landmarks include Cape Bernier, Sandspit River, the Three Thumbs, and Prossers 

Sugarloaf, which is the highest point at 647m above sea level. 

Figure 1 Location of Wielangta 


Figure 2 – Wielangta Forest 

3 



Tenure 

4 


The entire study area occupies approximately 35 000 ha which incorporates several land tenures. The 

area is roughly 1/3 public and 2/3 private land. Overall nearly 30% is reserved, with the vast majority 

of this on public land. 

Land Tenure Wielangta 

Private 

Land 

Public 

land 

21487ha 

62% 

13303 ha 

Reserved 

State 

Forest 

38 % Reserved 

1599 ha / 7%of Private Land 

Private 

Reserve 

Conservation 

Covenant 

814 ha 

785 ha 

4984 ha / 37.5% 

8317 ha / 62.5% of Public Land 

Nature 

Reserve 

State 

Reserve 

Forest 

Reserve 

Conservation 

Area 

Informal 

Reserve 

1561 ha 

3125 ha 

1077 ha 

95 ha 

2459 ha 

Overall 34790 Reserved 9916 ha / 28.5% 


Figure 3: Land tenure 

5 



Climate 

6 


Rainfall is variable, with the effects of topography creating high rainfall hotspots and areas in rain 

shadow. Mean average rainfall varies from over 900mm across the central southern part to less than 

700mm per annum towards the north of the study area. 

Geology and Geomorphology 

The geology of the area is characterised by Jurassic dolerite which dominates the east coast of 

Tasmania. This makes up more than 85% of the study area. Other geologies that feature include 

Triassic sandstones and mudstones (10%) and Quaternary deposits of sands and clays (3%). 

There are some significant geological landforms in the Wielangta Area. One of particular note is the 

Wielangta Slump Landform Complex (Sharples 2002). Sharples states that “this provides 

excellent examples of slope mass movement landforms formed at the end of the Last Glaciation 

(including slump ponds with Holocene pollen records). [This is] one of the best examples of such 

landform complexes in Tasmania, and important for scientific information about Last Glacial 

environments and processes in Tasmania. Susceptible to renewed slumping and instability if slope 

soils, vegetation and drainage are disturbed (thus, management involves both geoconservation 

(values) and environmental geology (hazards) issues)”. This site is classified as being of State 

significance on the DPIPWE Geoconservation database. Associated with this slumping, has been the 

creation of Wielangta Lake a ‘hanging lake’ on the northwest face of Jacob Hill which periodically 

carries a body of water approximately 50m across. 

Other Geoconservation sites include: 

Sandspit River Sandstone cliffs/caves complex - local significance on the Geoconservation 

database. 

Hellfire Bluff Uplifted Marine Cliff, Block Slide and Topple - state significance on the 

Geoconservation database. 

Rheban Beach-Earlham Lagoon – national significance on the Geoconservation database. 


Vegetation 

7 


Changes in natural vegetation type are largely reflective of the varying rainfall conditions but are also 

a response to local changes in soil topography and aspect. 

Key vegetation types include: 

Vegetation Type Area (ha) % of total area 

Rainforest and mixed forest 285 0.8 

Wet eucalypt forest 3499 10 

Dry 

forest 

sclerophyll eucalypt 

Non 

scrub 

eucalypt forest and 

22258 64 

1204 3 

Native Grassland 554 2 

Saltmarsh and wetland 224 0.6 

Plantation 2228 6 

Agriculture and other nonnative 

units 

4394 13 

Total 34646 - 

Sources for rainforest and mixed forest – Tasveg 2 adapted applying data from Neyland 1991, Coates 

1993, Interpretation of PI units E2cS, E2dS, E3+dS 

The Tasmanian vegetation has been classified and mapped at a state-wide level to a scale of 

1:25000. The latest Tasveg version 2.0 includes 144 communities.A vegetation type map has been 

created based on Tasveg 2. This has been modified to take into account new plantations which have 

been interpreted from reviewing Google images. A list of all Tasveg communities present within the 

Wielangta study area and their extent is provided in Appendix 2. 

The reliability and thus accuracy of Tasveg mapping is highly variable. Although at the vegetation 

type level the mapping is reasonably accurate, the community classification is generally based on 

ecological principles with limited field verification. Forest mapping was undertaken for The Regional 

Forest Agreement through the mid 1990s. At that stage none of the sophisticated electronic aerial 

photography and GIS systems that we now take for granted, were available. Mapping was largely 

done by hand. In Wielangta there are vast areas of E. pulchella forest mapped. Although this 

community is indeed widespread, and locally dominant in the area, some of the mapping of this 

community captures greater diversity incorporating other dry forest communities. Refer Appendix 1. 


Figure 4 Vegetation Types 

8 



9 


Giant ash Eucalyptus regnans mixed forest with sassafras (Atherosperma 

moschatum) 

Giant ash Eucalyptus regnans wet forest 


Stringybark Eucalyptus obliqua wet forest 

White peppermint Eucalyptus pulchella forest 

10 



Eucalyptus brookeriana wet forest 

Snow gum Eucalyptus coccifera forest – Prossers Sugarloaf 

11 



Figure 5 Vegetation Communities 

12 



13 



Old Growth 

14 


The term old growth forest is a vexed one. When considering remote and inaccessible forest, the 

distinction is perhaps less contentious. But in eastern Tasmania where there may be a long history of 

access the distinction is more blurred. Globally old growth forests are recognised as those that have 

attained great age and maturity, thus characterised by complex structure. Typically they include 

mature and over mature trees, including dead stags. In Tasmania old growth was mapped under the 

Regional Forest Agreement applying the JANIS 1997 definition that: 

Old growth forest is ecologically mature forest where the effects of disturbances are now 

negligible. 

Old growth character 

The Tasmanian mapping utilised a rule set applying crown senescence and disturbance characters 

which was adapted for each forest type. The limitation of this approach is that forests subject to early 

harvesting methods, where the best trees were selectively removed, are not distinguished from forest 


15 


managed under modern silvicultural practice. Forest subject to the former regime can retain 

significant old growth values in the form of decaying logs, standing snags, hollow bearing trees etc. 

Indeed, the early selective logging took only the best formed trees leaving those that were of low 

timber value but of higher habitat significance. In Wielangta there are stands of forest where 

evidence of old logging can be seen in mature forests that retain massive old trees. These areas do 

not conform to the standard definition of old growth forest in spite of supporting ecological values of 

equal importance. 

Old growth forest is shown on Figure 11. 

Threatened Communities 

The Tasmanian Nature Conservation Act 2001 lists threatened communities. Wielangta supports nine 

communities listed on this act which collectively make up 6% of native vegetation. 

Threatened Vegetation Communities 

TASVEG code Community Total ha Reserved % 

AWU Wetland undifferentiated 13 5 38 

DAS E. amygdalina forest and woodland on 

sandstone 

808 186 23 

DGL E. globulus dry forest and woodland 347 135 39 

DOV E. ovata forest and woodland 28 5 28 

DVC E. viminalis- E. globulus coastal forest 

and woodland 

99 98 99 

NCR Callitris rhomboidea forest 216 167 77 

SRI Riparian Scrub 26 20 79 

WBR E. brookeriana wet forest 5.5 0.1 3 

TOTAL All threatened communities 1566 ha 616.1 ha 40 

These vegetation communities are protected from permanent clearance and conversion through the 

Forest Practices system. Although this allows for them to be logged they must be naturally 

regenerated. They remain exposed to impacts of forest harvesting outside of the reserve system 

which is permitted under current legislation. They are also exempt from Forest Practices regulations 

where the clearance is associated with a local or State authority approved development such as a 

subdivision, quarry or road. 


Other Significant Vegetation 

Rainforest and Mixed Forest 

16 


The topography and localised rainfall has ensured the retention of relict rainforest and mixed forest in 

fire protected gullies and slopes in Wielangta. These provide refuge for a number of flora and fauna 

species. These areas are extremely important and are susceptible to the influence of climate change 

and associated drought. Furthermore they are exposed during such periods to irreversible loss 

through wild fire events. High timber yielding, tall mixed forests cannot be regenerated to the same 

extent as early succession understoreys associated with dry and wet eucalypt forest. Secondary 

rainforest species such as sassafras and laurel are lost from this process. 

Current mapping (Tasveg and Forest Inventory (PI) mapping) fails to discriminate accurately, for the 

Wielangta area, between tall wet eucalypt and tall mixed forest. However, cross referencing 

observation records of rainforest species with Forest Inventory (PI) mapping types with low density 

(PI c, d, f) tall eucalypts (E2/E3+) over scrub (S) or secondary trees (T) or wattles (Tw) has allowed 

for a likely mixed forest map to be prepared. 

Fern rich mixed forest understorey 


Figure 6 Rainforest and Mixed forest 

17 



Eucalypt Forest with Oyster Bay Pine 

18 


Oyster Bay pine (Callitris rhomboidea), which provides a distinctive character to some of the forest 

stands in Wielangta, is recognised as a separate community where it forms the dominant canopy. 

However many of the finest examples of this species are in association with taller eucalypts, and as 

such are not protected. C. rhomboidea is fire sensitive and can be lost following two fire events in 

close succession. Forest harvesting is unlikely to favour this species. 

Tasveg mapping fails to distinguish mixed stands of eucalypt and Callitris and similar eucalypt forest 

lacking Callitris. However it is known to occur on coastal sites and in drier habitats on the Three 

Thumbs. 


Figure 7 Callitris rhomboidea in Wielangta 

19 



Biodiversity 

Flora 

Non Vascular Plants 

20 


The range of vegetation types ensures a diverse habitat for fungi and bryophytes. 228 species of 

macro fungi from 61 families have been recorded from Wielangta. 24 species of liverwort and 76 

species of moss are also recorded 1 . 

lichen 

Vascular Plants 

Ramaria gracilis? 

A total of 570 native vascular plant species have been recorded from the area (see Appendix 3). 

These constitute nearly a third (30%) of all Tasmanian native species. 

Native Vascular Plant Species in Wielangta 

Angiosperms 

Gymnosperms 

Conifers 

Dicotyledons 

Flowering plants 

Monocotyledons 

Grasses, sedges, rushes, irises, 

lilies, orchids etc 

Ferns 39 

1 Natural Values Atlas 

2 

334 

195 


Threatened Flora 

21 


There are records of 3 nationally listed threatened flora species and 26 state listed threatened species 

from Wielangta. 

Threatened Plant Species in Wielangta 

Species 

Pterostylis atriola 

Snug Greenhood 

Spyridium lawrencei 

Small-leaf dustymiller 

Epacris virgata (Kettering) 

Pretty heath 

Phyllangium divergens 

Wiry mitrewort 

Asperula subsimplex 

Water woodruff 

Austrodanthonia nodosa 

Knotty speargrass 

Corunastylis morrisii 

Hairy midge-orchid 

Corunastylis nuda 

Tiny midge-orchid 

Deyeuxia apsleyensis 

Apsley bent grass 

Status EPBCA 

TSPA 

ENDANGERED 

endangered 

ENDANGERED 

vulnerable 

ENDANGERED 

vulnerable 

- 

vulnerable 

- 

rare 

- 

rare 

- 

endangered 

- 

rare 

- 

rare 

Comment 

Recorded from proposed logging coupe near 

Wielangta Hill, but also recorded near Back Run 

Hills suggesting that it is more widespread in 

Wielangta. Conservation status possibly in need 

of review for downgrading. 

Localised to an area in the Central East Coast 

with an outlying population of approx 200 

plants on the eastern end of the Three Thumbs 

Reserve. 

Outlying occurrences at Cape Bernier Nature 

Reserve and two populations on private land, at 

Tea Tree Rivulet in the northwest of the study 

area and at Kellevie. 

Single record on hilltop on private land. 

Single known population at Gatehouse Marsh 

close to Tasman Highway. 

Single record from native grassland on north 

facing slope above Tasman Highway near 

Gatehouse Marsh. 

Recently discovered from the area (Kellevie). 

This is the only one of two populations in 

Tasmania that has been recorded in the past 20 

years. 

Only documented from rocky ridgeline in vicinity 

of Wielangta Hill. Potentially likely to occur 

elsewhere in similar habitat 

Single record from The Three Thumbs. 

Localised to the east coast of Tasmania, this is 

the most southerly outlying record of the 

species. 


Species 

Deyeuxia benthamiana 

Benthams bent grass 

Deyeuxia densa 

Heath bent grass 

Eucalyptus barberi 

Barbers gum 

Gyrostemon thesioides 

Broom wheel fruit 

Haloragis heterophylla 

Varied raspwort 

Juncus amabilis 

Smooth rush 

Juncus prismatocarpus 

Branching rush 

Juncus vaginatus 

Clustered rush 

Odixia achlaena 

Golden everlasting bush 

Ozothamnus lycopodioides 

Clubmoss everlasting bush 

Pimelea flava 

Yellow riceflower 

Status EPBCA 

TSPA 

- 

rare 

- 

rare 

- 

rare 

- 

rare 

- 

rare 

- 

rare 

- 

rare 

- 

rare 

- 

rare 

- 

rare 

- 

rare 

22 


Comment 

Only recorded in Wielangta from native forest 

north of Jacob Hill. Represented by other 

scattered records across southern Tasmania in 

wet forest. 

Single record from a site near Wielangta Hill 

subject to selective harvesting in 2005. This 

species is widespread in low altitude forest 

throughout Tasmania. 

Numerous records from drier ridges and slopes 

in east and northern parts of study area. These 

populations form the southern most distribution 

of an east coast endemic mallee tree 

concentrated around central eastern Tasmania. 

Localised records from rocky slopes of Prosser 

Gorge – the most southerly records in 

Tasmania. This is a fire responsive short lived 

perennial recorded from east coast and Flinders 

Island. 


close to Tasman Highway. 

Single record from Kellevie – typically 

associated with low lying flats under E. ovata or 

persisting in rough pasture after clearing. 

Saltmarsh species only known from Earlham 

Lagoon in study area 


close to Tasman Highway 

Entirely localised to Wielangta area extending 

from just north of Wielangta Hill to Gordon 

Sugarloaf near Kellevie. 

Localised to three locations in study area: 

headwaters of Griffiths Rivulet, Thumbs Lookout 

and Prosser Gorge. These are the southern 

most populations of a species which is 

concentrated on the Tasmanian east coast. 

Confined to southern boundary of study area 

between Iles Tier and Gordon Sugarloaf near 

Kellevie. 


Species 

Pomaderris phylicifolia 

subsp. phylicifolia 

Narrowleaf dogwood 

Spyridium parvifolium var. 

parvifolium 

Coast dusty miller 

Stellaria multiflora 

Rayless starwort 

Teucrium corymbosum 

Forest germander 

Thismia rodwayi 

Fairy lanterns 

Wilsonia rotundifolia 

Round leaf wilsonia 

View south from Hellfire Bluff 

Status EPBCA 

TSPA 

- 

rare 

- 

rare 

- 

rare 

- 

rare 

- 

rare 

- 

rare 

23 


Comment 

Confined to northern boundary of study area on 

Thumbs Rivulet and along Tasman Highway 

near Prosser River. These populations form the 

most southerly in Tasmania 

Single observation record from a location south 

of Cone Hill. This is an outlying record with 

most other populations scattered across 

northern Tasmania. The site was clear felled in 

2002. 

Easily overlooked herb of dry forest recorded 

from hilltop east of Flash Tier - the Thumbs 

Lookout. 

Scattered observation records in dry open forest 

in north and east of study area. This species is 

a fire responsive short lived perennial, broadly 

distributed in eastern Tasmania. 

A cryptic plant concealed beneath leaf litter, 

which has recently been recorded from Sandspit 

Forest Reserve east of the Picnic Site in wet 

forest. Likely to be widespread in suitable 

habitat. 

Saltmarsh species known from Earlham lagoon. 


Figure 8 Threatened Flora 

24 



Corunastylis morrisii Hairy midge orchid 

25 


This is only known from two sites in Tasmania including one in the south of the Wielangta study area. 

Odixia achlaena Golden everlasting bush 

Illustration, Mel Hills 

This endemic shrub is almost entirely confined to the Wielangta area. The tiny Hospital Creek Nature 

Reserve was gazetted in 1979 specifically to conserve this newly described species. It has since been 

shown to occur in other reserves such as Sandspit River and Cape Bernier. However populations in 

these reserves are small. It is able to regenerate following disturbance and has been observed as 

locally abundant along forest tracks and in some forest post harvesting. 

There are several threatened flora species for which Wielangta supports significant populations. The 

following maps, showing the distribution of several other species, highlight how Wielangta is located 


26 


on the outlying range. Wielangta is biogeographically significant for these species and for some may 

provide an important refuge if they are subject to the effects of climate change. 

Deyeuxia apsleyensis - apsley bent grass 

most southerly occurrence 

Spyridium lawrencei - small-leaf 

dustymiller 

Most southerly occurrence – outlying population 

Deyeuxia benthamiana - benthams bent 

grass 

most easterly occurrence 

Pomaderris phylicifolia subsp. phylicifolia – 

narrowleaf dogwood 

Towards southern end of range 


Eucalyptus barberi - barbers gum 

Most southerly occurrence 

Ozothamnus lycopodioides - clubmoss 

everlasting bush 


27 


Gyrostemon thesioides - broom wheel fruit 



Significant Flora 

28 


Wielangta is biogeographically significant for several species that do not appear on any threatened 

species lists. The micro habitats associated with the wetter environments, that in places support 

rainforest, include associated species well outside their normal range. 

Four examples: 

Phyllocladus aspleniifolius - celery top 

pine 

Eucalyptus urnigera – urn gum 

Anopterus glandulosus – native laurel 

Eucalyptus coccifera – snow gum 


29 


photo Mark Wapstra 

Wielangta bird orchid (Chiloglottis sp. ‘Wielangta’). This is a newly discovered species, still 

awaiting formal description, recorded from rainforest on Sandspit River. 

Uncommon eucalypts 

Out of a total number of 29 eucalypts native to Tasmania, 18 species have been recorded from 

Wielangta 2 . An analysis of eucalypt species richness, throughout the 837 10km grid squares that 

comprise Tasmania, demonstrated that only 22 squares recorded as much diversity or better as that 

of the two main squares in Wielangta (14 in each) 3 . 

Urn gum (Eucalypts urnigera). This mountain dwelling endemic was only recently discovered 

in Wielangta during pre logging surveys in 2003. It is confined to the margins of an open swamp 

adjacent to a proposed logging coupe (W19E). Other than an outlying population on Maria Island 

there are no other populations in the east coast, with the other nearest being on Mt Wellington. 

Silver gum (E. cordata). There are two forms of this rare Tasmanian endemic. The eastern form 

is most easily distinguished by the rounded stems and has a population that is centred on Prossers 

Sugarloaf 4 , recognising the importance of Wielangta for this species. It occurs as a mallee form 

usually within E. pulchella forest, making any such stands of this otherwise widespread forest type of 

high conservation significance. 

2 An additional two species listed on the Natural values Atlas for the area require verification – E.,johnstonii 

attributed to F. Duncan 1981 and E.sieberi attributed to A.Grey 2002. 

3 Williams & Potts 1996 

4 Williams & Potts 1996 


30 


Swamp peppermint (E. rodwayi). This is a relatively widespread species of poorly drained 

environments, usually subject to severe frosts and cold-air drainage. In Wielangta it is localised to the 

upper catchment of the Carlton River. This location represents an outlier on the south eastern 

extreme of its range. 

Candlebark (E. rubida). This is sparsely distributed across eastern Tasmania. The records from 

Wielangta represent the south eastern extreme of its range in Tasmania. 

Brookers gum (E. brookeriana). This is an unusual species with disjunct distribution in 

Tasmania, forming prominent stands within the swamp forests of King Island and the Woolnorth 

region in the far northwest and then occurring in localised pockets in eastern Tasmania on well 

drained rocky slopes. In Wielangta it is confined mostly to basalt hills in the south where it forms 

localised dominant stands. 

Snow gum (E. coccifera). Some of the most eastern occurrences of this Tasmanian endemic 

subalpine species occur in Wielangta. E. coccifera typically occupies the highest altitude sites of any 

Tasmanian eucalypt. It occurs on Wielangta Hill and Prossers Sugarloaf as well as Blue Gum Spur and 

Middle Peak. On Prossers Sugarloaf it co-occurs with the lowland occupying blue gum Eucalyptus 

globulus – a most unusual association. 

Juvenile E.coccifera (left) and E. globulus (right) co-occurring on slopes of 

Prossers Sugarloaf. 


Southern grasstree (Xanthorrhoea australis) 

31 


This is generally confined to northern and north east Tasmania with a sub coastal distribution, 

typically associated with coastal sands and other sedimentary geologies. There are three outlying 

populations in southern Tasmania. In Wielangta they grow on dolerite on the slopes above the 

Prosser River and near The Three Thumbs. Xanthorrhoea species are highly susceptible to the plant 

root rot pathogen - Phytophthora cinnamomi which causes widespread mortality. This species is not 

listed as threatened, although the threat from disease and land clearance suggests that further 

protection may well be warranted. 

Xanthorrhoea australis in Tasmania 


Fauna 

32 


A total of 142 vertebrate fauna have been recorded for Wielangta (Appendix 4). Invertebrate fauna 

are poorly documented although some information is available. 

Threatened Fauna 

The presence of three species of threatened fauna has been given a high profile as part of the High 

Court Challenge brought by Senator Bob Brown in 2006. These three species were the broad toothed 

stag beetle, the swift parrot and the wedge-tailed eagle. 

Mammals 

Threatened Fauna Species in Wielangta 

Species Status Comment 

Dasyurus maculatus subsp. 

maculatus 

Spotted-tailed quoll 

Sarcophilus harrisii 

Tasmanian devil 

Birds 

Aquila audax fleayi 

Wedge-tailed eagle 

Lathamus discolor 

Swift parrot 

Haliaeetus leucogaster 

White-bellied sea eagle 

Invertebrates 

Lissotes latidens 

Broad toothed stage beetle 

Pseudalmenus chlorinda 

Tasmanian hairstreak 

butterfly 

VULNERABLE 

rare 

ENDANGERED 

endangered 

ENDANGERED 

endangered 

ENDANGERED 

endangered 

- 

vulnerable 

ENDANGERED 

endangered 

- 

rare 

Occasional records although likely to be 

widespread. Regular anecdotal observations and 

suitable habitat suggests a healthy population. 

Widespread. Occasional formal records. Scats 

observed to be common in Wielangta suggesting a 

healthy population. 

Widespread with several nesting pairs within and 

close to boundary of Wielangta. Extensive forest 

with relative abundance of suitable nesting trees 

and habitats. 

Wielangta is proving to provide one of the most 

significant breeding areas. Extensive foraging and 

nesting habitat. 

Nest site known on Hellfire Bluff. 

Wielangta provides the core range and extensive 

habitat. 

Recorded form Sandpit Point in dry white gum (E. 

viminalis) forests. 


Swift parrot (Lathamus discolor) 

33 


This is one of only two migratory parrots found throughout the world, the other being the orange 

bellied parrot, another summer breeding visitor to Tasmania. The swift parrot is listed under State 

and Commonwealth legislation as endangered. It has also been nominated for uplisting under the 

EPBC Act to the highest level of risk of ‘critically endangered’. The Commonwealth are due to 

complete an assessment by September 2011. Population numbers and trends are extremely difficult 

to measure due to the sporadic breeding behaviour responding to the nectar resource. The most cited 

number is an estimated 1000 breeding pairs 5 . 

Swift parrot feeding on blue gum 

photo Chris Tzaros 

The swift parrot nests in tree hollows in Tasmania, usually in association with areas supporting 

flowering blue gums (Eucalyptus globulus), the largest native nectar producing eucalypt. The 

distribution of E. globulus influences the core breeding range of the swift parrot along the Tasmanian 

east coast. Wielangta is placed centrally within this range and is recognised as the heart of the largest 

‘swift parrot important breeding area’ (SPIBA) 6 . SPIBAs are defined as “zones containing areas of 

nesting-habitat and foraging-habitat in close proximity, assumed to be necessary for breeding in 

years when local conditions are suitable” 7 . The Wielangta SPIBA supports the “greatest area of 

nesting-habitat in close proximity to foraging-habitat of all the SPIBAs” with 35% of the SPIBA 

estimated to support high/medium density nesting habitat. Currently only 15 % of the SPIBA is 

reserved. 

5 Swift Parrot Recovery Team (2001) 

6 Forest Practices Authority (2010) 



34 


photo Alan Fletcher 

Breeding habits of swift parrots have been monitored in recent years. Major breeding events have 

occurred in Wielangta in 2000, 2004, 2008 and 2010. More than half the breeding population was 

estimated to have used the Wielangta area in 2008 8 . In 2010 the annual Tasmanian breeding range 

survey, revealed that most activity was in the Wielangta and Maria Island region 9 . The importance of 

the Wielangta area for the conservation of the swift parrot is becoming more apparent as more data 

is becoming available. A key factor is the association of large tracts of mature and senescent forest, 

supporting an abundance of tree hollow habitat in close association with a large foraging resource. 

Wielangta supports approximately 350 ha of mapped dry Eucalyptus globulus forest (DGL) and 80 ha 

of wet E. globulus forest (WGL), plus a small (20ha) extent of E. ovata forest (DOV). These forest 

types are dominated by the preferred foraging trees of the swift parrot. There are extensive areas of 

E. pulchella forest which can often include co-dominant E. globulus. ‘Globmap’ is a statewide swift 

parrot foraging habitat map which has picked up on this limitation of Tasveg. It has identified areas 

8 Threatened Species Section (2009) 

9 Webb and Tzaros (2010) 


35 


of E. globulus mapped within other mapping units. Globmap suggests that Wielangta supports 3883 

ha of swift parrot foraging habitat. 

Figure 9 identifies the mapped extent of swift parrot foraging habitat. It also shows known nesting 

sites. 

The Draft Habitat Planning Guidelines for Swift Parrot 10 “aims to retain and manage breeding-habitat 

within SPIBAs for at least the life of the Planning Guideline”. Much of the Wielangta forest currently 

zoned multiple use and potentially available for future logging coupes, should be reviewed in the light 

of these guidelines. 

“The desired outcome within SPIBAs is for no net decrease in the extent of existing high and medium 

density nesting-habitat or foraging-habitat. Key habitat features in low density breeding-habitat 

should also be retained in situations where high and medium density habitat is scarce. The 

opportunity for recruitment of future habitat also needs to be fostered.” 11 




Figure 9 Swift Parrot Habitat 

36 



Tasmanian wedge-tailed eagle (Aquila audax fleayi) 

37 


Alan Fletcher 

Wild Wielangta 

photos 

Listed as endangered under both Commonwealth and State legislation, the Tasmanian subspecies of 

the wedge-tailed eagle is notable for its larger size than its mainland counterpart. There are 

estimated to be between 1000 and 1500 individuals with as few as 130 successful breeding pairs 12 . 

There are a high proportion of inactive nests which may be due to disturbance 13 . Wielangta supports 

an estimated six pairs of wedge-tailed eagles 14 which is a relatively high density. Figure 10 identifies 

the location of all mapped wedge tailed eagle nests included on the Natural Values Atlas. There may 

well be additional nest sites so far not documented. 

Wielangta Forest includes ideal nesting habitat for wedge-tailed eagles. This is because there is a 

relative abundance of mature eucalypts, necessary to support the massive nests, which are in a 

varied topography providing numerous sheltered aspects, favoured for nest sites. The broad habitat 

types, including open forest and woodland, along with denser stands of gully forest and adjacent 

open farmland, ensures a rich food resource. 

12 

DPIPWE Native plants and Animals website. http://www.dpiw.tas.gov.au/inter.nsf/WebPages/SJON- 

573VB3?open 

13 

Threatened Species Section 2006 

14 

Mooney, N. (Transcript of High Court Challenge 20 Feb 2006)

Figure 10 Eagle and peregrine falcon Nests 

38 



Broad-toothed stag beetle (Lissotes latidens) 

photo courtesy Bob Brown On Trial website 

39 


The third nationally endangered species, that was subject of the Wielangta High Court Challenge; the 

broad toothed (or Wielangta) stag beetle, is confined to Maria Island and mainland Tasmania 

between Orford, Runnymede and Copping. The Wielangta area captures the core range of the 

species. A review of the broad toothed stag beetle and forestry in Wielangta, indicates that 

unreserved areas of state forest in Wielangta supports 50% of the extent of potential habitat and 

almost all of this is marked out in provisional logging coupes 15 . Preferred habitat is associated with 

decaying logs in recognised wet forest communities and damp gullies in shrubby dry forest typically 

dominated by Eucalyptus obliqua, E. regnans, E. globulus and occasionally E. viminalis 16 . 

15 Underwood (2005) 

16 Meggs and Munks (2003) 

Distribution records of the 

broad toothed stag beetle 


Forestry Impacts 

40 


Wielangta has been subject to a long history of timber harvesting, stretching back to the beginning of 

the 20 th Century. Much of the area has been accessed for logging; a significant proportion of the 

existing native forest is regrowth. This is interspersed with stands of old growth native forest where 

access limitations or topography prevented harvesting by traditional means. 

Traditional harvesting selected the best quality timber, often leaving stands of poor form trees. These 

often provide the most valuable habitats for fauna, in the form of hollows and rotting wood. 

Harvesting was patchy and opportunistic. 

More contemporary timber harvesting has allowed for larger scale operations, facilitated by more 

efficient harvesting techniques and equipment. This has allowed for clear-fell operations in some 

areas, utilising cable logging techniques. Regeneration has included artificial seeding following high 

intensity burns and there has been some conversion to plantation forests. 

Some drier forest communities have been selectively harvested allowing natural reseeding. 

Figure 11 shows the distribution of various forestry methods. 


41 


The following table presents a breakdown of the extent of forest on State Forest and shows what 

proportion has been subject to modern forest harvesting. 

Forestry in State Forest 

Forest type Area ha % 

Old growth 1414 28 

Un dated regrowth forest (pre 1970 approx) 1540 31 

Naturally seeded regeneration forest (seed 

tree retention) – State Forest only 

927 19 

Artificially regenerated native forest – State 994 20 

Forest only 

Eucalypt plantation 109 2 

Total 4984 

Sources: FT forest regeneration layer and photo aerial interpretation of Google Earth images from Jan 

2008 

The full extent of plantation within the study area exceeds 2179 ha with more than 95 % on private 

land. An unknown proportion of the plantation on private land is established on land that has been 

long cleared of forest and managed more recently as pasture. 

The resilience of native forest communities to harvesting and regeneration varies, depending on type. 

Drier communities are generally fire adapted and so better suited to regeneration, although some 

species are less tolerant of harvesting and so are adversely impacted by this regime. Rainforest, 

mixed forest and some wet forest communities include fire sensitive species, which fail to regenerate 

after harvesting, as silvicultural standards require these forest types to be subject to a hot burn to 

achieve adequate eucalypt restocking. 


Figure 11 Forestry in Wielangta 

42 



Conservation Assessment and 

Recommendations 

Forest of High Conservation Significance 

43 


A high conservation forest map has been developed which considers a number of important values. 

These areas may warrant consideration in any land use management planning and future reserve 

design. 

The following values are captured in this map: 

• threatened vegetation. Communities classified as threatened under the Nature 

Conservation Act 2002. 

• sensitive vegetation (rainforest/mixed forest / oyster bay pine) - these 

communities are not able to tolerate standard harvesting and regeneration. 

• swift parrot habitat. This includes buffers of 100m around known nest sites and foraging 

habitat identified in GlobMap. 

• eagle nest habitat. 500m buffer around all nests. 

• broad toothed stag beetle records. 100m buffer. 

• threatened flora records. 100m buffer. 

• significant flora (as listed in this report). 100m buffer. 

• old growth forest RFA mapping layer 2001. 

Clearly, the accuracy of the maps is dependent upon the data. There are some areas, particularly 

within the reserved lands or private land, that have not been well surveyed and so are data deficient. 

They may overlook areas of high conservation. 


Figure 12 High Conservation Values in Wielangta 

44 



Figure 13 High Conservation Vegetation in Wielangta 

45 



Wild Wielangta Reserve Proposal 

46 


The aim of the Wielangta reserve proposal is to protect the unique values of Wielangta and create a 

robust reserve design. The proposal reduces the ‘edge effect’ of numerous small reserves and aims to 

provide a biogeographic link between existing reserves and surrounding landscapes. 

The proposal is to link the Three Thumbs, Wielangta, Sandspit and Cape Bernier Reserves to create a 

new Wielangta State Reserve. 

This can be achieved by: 

• upgrading some of the existing network of Informal Reserves to State Reserve status (2307 

ha). 

• conversion of some additional areas of State Forest to State Reserve. 

A Habitat Restoration Zone is proposed to harvest and regenerate a small area (89 ha) of plantation. 

This area is centrally located in the proposed reserve and worthy of restoration to native vegetation 

following commercial harvesting of the planted trees. 

The reserve extension will incorporate the geoheritage site “Wielangta Slump Landform Complex”, 

previously proposed as the Wielangta Lake Forest Reserve. It would also provide reservation for an 

additional five plant species and increase the known number of swift parrot nests that are reserved 

from 19 to over 60. 

The following table shows a comparison between what is already reserved and what will be added 

with the proposed extension. 

What is notable is the significant increase in the reservation of wet forest that would be achieved by 

these changes. Currently only 14 % of wet forest is reserved. This would be increased to 66 % 

including a significant increase in the area of forestry sensitive mixed forest. 

Other achievements would be a substantial increase in the area of reserved swift parrot habitat and 

old growth forest. 


Reserve Comparison 

Value Existing 

Formal 

Reserve (ha) 

Old growth 4491 3079 

Blue gum foraging habitat - Globmap 783 637 

Mixed forest (rainforest understorey) 136 314 

TASVEG 

Rainforest (and scrub) RMU 209 39 

E.regnans forest (WRE) 92 680 

E.delegatensis wet forest (WDU) 19 0 

E.obliqua wet forest (WOU) 331 1618 

E.globulus wet forest (WGL) 48 23 

E.delegatensis dry forest (DDE) 63 23 

E.obliqua dry forest (DOB) 281 862 

E. globulus dry forest(DGL) 0 78 

E.amygdalina dry forest on dolerite (DAD) 39 0 

E.amygdalina dry forest on sandstone (DAS) 36 5 

E.pulchella forest (DPU) 4218 2537 

C.rhomboidea forest (NCR) 167 1 

Acacia dealbata forest (NAD) 21 93 

Bursaria woodland (NBA) 0 29 

Lowland grassland complex GCL 4 0 

Broad leaved scrub (SBR) 134 78 

Dry scrub (SDU) 12 1 

Wet heath (SHW) 28 15 

Leptospermum scrub (SLW) 9 35 

Riparian scrub (SRI) 20 0 

Plantation (FPL) 2 89 

Other non native mapping (FAG) 9 9 

Total 5742 6215 

47 


Additional 

Reserve (ha) 


Figure 14 Wild Wielangta Reserve Proposal 

48 



49 


Tasmanian Forests Intergovernmental Agreement 

The Tasmanian Forests Intergovernmental Agreement between the Federal and Tasmanian 

Governments formalises a process of extensive consultation between the forest industry and 

environmental stakeholders. The outcome of this agreement will result in further areas of high 

conservation forest being incorporated into the Tasmanian reserve system. Initially 430 000 hectares 

has been placed into an informal reserve. This land will be subject to independent verification which 

will ultimately result in the identification of areas to be protected in permanent reserve. The 

environmental stakeholders have nominated 570 000 hectares of high conservation forest for 

protection. Environment Tasmania is one of the environmental stakeholders along with the 

Wilderness Society and the Australian Conservation Foundation. Environment Tasmania is a 

conservation council that represents more than 20 Tasmanian environment groups including Wild 

Wielangta. 

Wild Wielangta recognise the Statement of Principles which lead to the Intergovernmental Agreement 

and acknowledge the identification of high conservation areas represents a compromise between the 

interests of conservation of the needs of the forest industry. 

The proposed additional reserve areas that come out of this agreement include 5120 ha for 

Wielangta. These are represented in Figure 15 and the additional values captured by these extensions 

are summarized below. 

Value Additional Reserve (ha) 

Old growth 2735 

Blue gum foraging habitat - Globmap 624 

Mixed forest (rainforest understorey) 301 

Tasveg 

Rainforest (and scrub) (RMU) 31 

E.regnans forest (WRE) 527 

E.obliqua wet forest (WOU) 1372 

E.globulus wet forest (WGL) 23 

E.delegatensis dry forest (DDE) 10 

E.obliqua dry forest (DOB) 621 

E. globulus dry forest(DGL) 78 

E.pulchella forest (DPU) 2115 

C.rhomboidea forest (NCR) 1 

Acacia dealbata forest (NAD) 93 

Bursaria woodland (NBA) 29 

Broad leaved scrub (SBR) 77 

Wet heath (SHW) 15 

Leptospermum scrub (SLW) 36 

Plantation FPL 84 

Other non native mapping units 8 

Total 5120 


50 


Figure 15 Tasmanian Forests Intergovernmental Agreement Reserve 

Proposal 


National Heritage Listing 

51 


Significant areas of High Conservation Value forest have also been identified on private land. Much of 

the privately owned High Conservation Value forest identified in the report constitutes swift parrot 

breeding and foraging areas. 

No areas of private land have been included in the reserve proposal. However, the cooperation of 

private landholders, to manage or reserve areas of high conservation value on private land, would 

compliment the proposed reserve system. This would help achieve planning guidelines for the 

management of Swift parrot important breeding areas (SPIBA’s). There should also be incentives to 

restore habitat trees on previously cleared land. 

Collectively these areas are worthy of inclusion on the National Heritage list. This mechanism would 

confirm the national significance of Wielangta. 


References 

52 


Blake, G.M. (1999). The Natural History National Estate Values of Nugent / Wielangta [i.e. Wielangta] 

Region Stage 2: Project no. 9605. 

Coates, F. (1993). A Botanical Survey of the Vegetation and Flora within Wielangta Planning Unit 02, 

Wielangta State Forest. Unpublished report to the Forestry Commission, Tasmania. 

Craven, B., Watts, S., Ziegler, K. and Ziegeler, D. (1999). Supplement to North et al 1998. 

Duncan, F. (1993). Comments on Recommendations made on WTU02 by Coates (1993). An internal 

report prepared for the Forest Practices Board. 

Duncan, F. (1988). Vegetation of Proposed “Wielangta Lake” Forest Reserve. An internal report 

prepared for the Tasmanian Forestry Commission. 

Forest Practices Authority (2010). Species Habitat Planning Guideline for the conservation 

management of Lathamus discolor (Swift Parrot) in areas regulated under the Tasmanian Forest 

Practices System An internal report prepared for the Forest Practices Authority. 

Grove, S., Richards, K, Spencer, C. and Yaxley, B. (2006). What lives under large logs in Tasmanian 

eucalypt forest. The Tasmanian Naturalist 128:86-93. 

JANIS 1997 Nationally Agreed Criteria for the Establishment of a Comprehensive, Adequate and 

Representative Reserve System for Forests in Australia. A report by the Joint ANZECC / MCFFA 

National Forest Policy Statement Implementation Sub –Committee. 

Meggs, JM and Munks, SA. (2003). Distribution, habitat characteristics and conservation requirements 

of a forest-dependent threatened invertebrate Lissotes latidens (Coleoptera: Lucanidae), Journal of 

Insect Conservation, 7, (3) pp. 137-152. ISSN 1366-638X (2003) [Refereed Article]. 

North, A.J., Johnson, K., Ziegler, K., Duncan, F., Hopkins, K., Ziegeler, D., Watts, S. (1998). Flora of 

Recommended Areas for Protection and Forest Reserves in Tasmania. Forestry Tasmania / Forest 

Practices Board / Parks & Wildlife Service, Hobart. 

Sharples, C. (2002). Concepts and Principles of Geoconservation Version 3. Published on Tasmanian 

Parks & Wildlife Service website September 2002. 

Swift Parrot Recovery Team (2001). Swift Parrot Recovery Plan. DPIWE, Hobart. 

Tasmanian Public Land Use. Commission 1996. Tasmanian-, Commonwealth Regional Forest 

Agreement, Environment and Heritage Report, Vol. I, Background Report, Part C. 

Threatened Species Section (2006). Threatened Tasmanian Eagles Recovery Plan 2006-2010. 

Department of Primary Industries and Water, Hobart. 

Threatened Species Section (2009). Swift Parrot Breeding Season Survey Report 2008/09/. 

Threatened Species section, Biodiversity and Conservation Branch, Department of Primary Industries 

and Water. 

Underwood, S. (2005). Wielangta, Forestry and the broad toothed stag beetle. Background report. 

Webb and Tzaros (2010). Swift Parrot Breeding Range Survey 2010 - Preliminary findings. 

Unpublished. 


53 


William K.J. and Potts, B.M. (1996). The natural distribution of Eucalyptus spcies in Tasmania. 

Tasforests Vol 8. pp39-156. Forestry Tasmania. 

Ziegeler D. (1998). Results of field surveys of the potential occurance of RFA communities requiring 

further “reservation” (as listed by the Forest Practices Board), of CAR 399 (Sandspit), DU009B, 

DU005A DU006A, RP002B, conducted in June / July 1998. An internal report prepared for Forestry 

Tasmania. 


Appendix 1: Previous Assessments 

54 


Wielangta Planning Unit 02. Fiona Coates March 1993. This report describes the results of 10 days of 

botanical survey of an area of Wielangta State Forest occupying approximately 3000 hectares 

extending from Blue Gum Spur north to Griffiths Rivulet. This area incorporates key land marks such 

as Wielangta Hill, Prosser Sugarloaf and the upper catchment of Wielangta Creek. Coates recorded 

241 vascular plant species that included 33 Tasmanian endemics. 30 floristic communities were 

described. 

A review of this report was prepared by Duncan (1993). Duncan suggests it is likely that another 50- 

100 species occur in the area of WTU02. 11 of the 30 communities are considered to have the 

highest conservation significance. 

Greg Blake (1999) compiled a report on the heritage values of the area as part of a submission in 

support of a nomination for listing on the Register of the National Estate. This included data from 

vertebrate and invertebrate surveys. 

Duncan (1988) undertook a botanical survey of the proposed Wielangta Lake Forest Reserve. A 

provisional logging coupe within this area was subject to detailed survey by David Ziegeler (1998). 

This work demonstrated that the state vegetation mapping is an over simplification. The area is 

mapped on Tasveg as E. pulchella forest (DPU) and E. obliqua dry forest (DOB). The detailed survey 

demonstrated that the area supports E. amygdalina on sandstone (DAS) and E. amygdalina forest on 

dolerite (DAD). 

Two of the reserved lands have been subject to targeted botanical survey. These include: 

Sandspit River Forest Reserve 1996 (North et al 1998) 

Cape Bernier State Reserve Extension 1998 (Craven et al 1999) 

Although these studies did not include vegetation mapping they describe greater variability in the 

forest associations than are shown on current Tasveg mapping. 

David Ziegeler undertook a broad survey of the entire Wielangta area in 2003 for Forestry Tasmania. 

This was to provide context to a planned harvesting impacts over subsequent years. This data has 

not been made publicly available. 


55 


Appendix 2: Native Vegetation Communities of 

Wielangta 

The reserve analysis includes all formal and informal reserves. 

VEGCODE Description 

Saltmarsh and wetland 

Total Area Reserved 

Area 

% 

AUS Saltmarsh (undifferentiated) 210.8 189.8 90.0 

AWU wetland (undifferentiated) 13.2 5.1 38.7 

Total 

Native Grassland 

224.1 194.9 87.0 

GCL Lowland grassland complex 448.4 9.4 2.1 

GHC Coastal grass and herbfield 18.1 18.0 99.1 

GPL Lowland Poa labillardierei grassland 87.4 1.9 2.2 

Total 

Dry sclerophyll eucalypt forest 

553.9 29.3 5.3 

DAD E. amygdalina forest /woodland on dolerite 347.9 39.5 11.3 

DAS E. amygdalina forest / woodland on sandstone 807.7 186.1 23.0 

DDE E. delegatensis dry forest and woodland 85.8 72.3 84.3 

DGL E. globulus dry forest and woodland 346.7 134.8 38.9 

DOB E. obliqua dry forest and woodland 2225.5 511.7 23.0 

DOV E. ovata forest and woodland 27.7 5.2 18.7 

DPU E. pulchella forest and woodland 18303.8 6256.7 34.2 

DRO E. rodwayi forest and woodland 14.2 0.0 0.0 

DVC E. viminalis coastal forest and woodland 98.6 97.9 99.2 

DVG E. viminalis grassy forest and woodland 0.3 0.0 0.0 

Total 22258.2 7304.0 32.8 

Non eucalypt forest and scrub 

NAD Acacia dealbata forest 252.7 59.7 23.6 

NBA Bursaria - Acacia woodland and scrub 118.9 33.5 28.2 

NCR Callitris rhomboidea forest 216.2 166.6 77.1 

SAC Acacia longifolia coastal scrub 27.1 24.7 91.2 

SBR Broadleaf scrub 268.6 179.2 66.7 

SDU Dry scrub 20.9 12.0 57.4 

SHU Inland Heathland (undifferentiated) 76.5 46.0 60.1 

SHW Wet heathland 114.9 45.5 39.6 

SLW Leptospermum scrub 61.0 30.7 50.4 

SMR Melaleuca squarrosa scrub 8.6 1.0 12.1 

SRI Riparian scrub 25.6 20.1 78.6 

SSC Coastal Scrub 13.3 0.7 5.0 

Total 

Wet eucalypt forest 

1204.2 619.8 51.5 

WBR E.brookeriana wet forest 5.4 0.1 2.7 

WDU E. delegatensis wet forest (undifferentiated) 19.1 19.1 100 

WGL E. globulus wet forest 79.6 51.4 64.5 

WOU E. obliqua wet forest (undifferentiated) 2519.5 899.7 35.7 

WRE E. regnans forest 875.5 205.3 23.4 

Total 

Rainforest 

3499.2 1175.7 33.6 

RLS Leptospermum with rainforest scrub 13.4 0.0 0.0 

RMU Nothofagus rainforest undifferentiated 271.2 220.3 81.2 


56 


VEGCODE Description Total Area Reserved 

Area 

% 

Total 

Agriculture and other nonnative units 

284.5 220.3 77.4 

FAG Agricultural land 3902.1 187.3 4.8 

FPF Pteridium esculentum fernland 219.4 10.8 4.9 

FRG Regenerating cleared land 215.3 2.3 1.1 

FUM Extra-urban miscellaneous 5.2 2.6 49.1 

FUR Urban areas 44.1 1.8 4.0 

FWU Weed infestation 7.8 3.5 44.6 

Total 

Plantation 

4394.0 208.3 4.7 

FPL 740.5 0.0 0.0 

FPU 1487.5 36.5 2.5 

Total 

Other 

2228.0 36.5 1.6 

OAQ Water, sea 22.4 0.0 0.2 

ORO Lichen lithosere (rock) 4.0 4.0 100 

OSM Sand, mud 9.7 9.7 99.7 

Total 36.1 13.7 38.0 

Grand 

Total 

34682.3 9802.5 28.3 


57 


Appendix 3: Vascular Plant Species of Wielangta 

(derived from Natural Values Atlas records) 

FAMILY NAME COMMON NAME INTRODUCED 

Aizoaceae Tetragonia implexicoma bower spinach 

Amaranthaceae Hemichroa pentandra trailing saltstar 

Apiaceae Apium prostratum sea parsley 

Apiaceae Daucus glochidiatus australian carrot 

Apiaceae Eryngium vesiculosum prickfoot 

Apiaceae Hydrocotyle hirta hairy pennywort 

Apiaceae Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides shining pennywort 

Apiaceae Xanthosia dissecta cutleaf crossherb 

Apiaceae Xanthosia pilosa woolly crossherb 

Apiaceae Xanthosia ternifolia shrubby crossherb 

Apocynaceae Parsonsia brownii twining silkpod 

Araliaceae Polyscias sambucifolia elderberry panax 

Asteraceae Apalochlamys spectabilis sticky firebush 

Asteraceae Argentipallium dealbatum white everlasting 

Asteraceae Bedfordia linearis slender blanket leaf 

Asteraceae Bedfordia salicina tasmanian blanketleaf 

Asteraceae Bellis perennis english daisy i 

Asteraceae Brachyscome aculeata hill daisy 

Asteraceae Brachyscome graminea grass daisy 

Brachyscome spathulata 

Asteraceae 

subsp. glabra blue daisy 

Asteraceae Cassinia aculeata dollybush 

Asteraceae Centipeda minima spreading sneezeweed 

Asteraceae Chrysanthemoides monilifera boneseed i 

Asteraceae Chrysocephalum apiculatum 

Chrysocephalum 

common everlasting 

Asteraceae 

semipapposum clustered everlasting 

Asteraceae Cirsium arvense californian thistle i 

Asteraceae Cirsium vulgare spear thistle i 

Asteraceae Conyza bonariensis flaxleaf fleabane i 

Asteraceae Craspedia glauca common billybuttons 

Asteraceae Dittrichia graveolens stinkweed i 

Asteraceae Euchiton collinus common cottonleaf 

Asteraceae Euchiton involucratus star cottonleaf 

Asteraceae Euchiton sphaericus globe cottonleaf 

Asteraceae Helichrysum scorpioides curling everlasting 

Asteraceae Hypochoeris radicata rough catsear i 

Asteraceae Lagenophora hueglii coarse bottledaisy 

Asteraceae Lagenophora montana mountain bottledaisy 

Asteraceae Lagenophora stipitata blue bottledaisy 

Leontodon taraxacoides 

Asteraceae 

subsp. taraxacoides hairy hawkbit i 

Asteraceae Leptinella longipes coast buttons 

Asteraceae Leptinella reptans creeping buttons 

Leptorhynchos squamatus 

Asteraceae 

subsp. squamatus scaly buttons 


58 



Asteraceae Odixia achlaena golden everlastingbush 

Asteraceae Odixia angusta roundhead everlastingbush 

Asteraceae Olearia algida alpine daisybush 

Asteraceae Olearia archeri leathery daisybush 

Asteraceae Olearia argophylla musk daisybush 

Asteraceae Olearia ciliata fringed daisybush 

Asteraceae Olearia erubescens moth daisybush 

Asteraceae Olearia floribunda flowery daisybush 

Asteraceae Olearia glandulosa swamp daisybush 

Asteraceae Olearia lirata forest daisybush 

Asteraceae Olearia myrsinoides silky daisybush 

Asteraceae Olearia persoonioides geebung daisybush 

Olearia phlogopappa var. 

Asteraceae 

angustifolia narrowleaf dusty daisybush 

Olearia phlogopappa var. 

Asteraceae 

salicifolia willowleaf dusty daisybush 

Asteraceae Olearia ramulosa twiggy daisybush 

Asteraceae Olearia stellulata sawleaf daisybush 

Asteraceae Olearia viscosa viscid daisybush 

cotton thistle or scotch 

Asteraceae Onopordum acanthium thistle i 

Asteraceae Ozothamnus antennaria sticky everlastingbush 

Asteraceae Ozothamnus ferrugineus tree everlastingbush 

Asteraceae Ozothamnus lycopodioides clubmoss everlastingbush 

Asteraceae Ozothamnus purpurascens columnar everlastingbush 

Asteraceae Ozothamnus reticulatus veined everlastingbush 

Asteraceae Ozothamnus rodwayi alpine everlastingbush 

Asteraceae Ozothamnus rosmarinifolius swamp everlastingbush 

Asteraceae Ozothamnus scutellifolius buttonleaf everlastingbush 

Asteraceae Ozothamnus thyrsoideus us 

Pseudognaphalium 

arching everlastingbush 

Asteraceae 

luteoalbum jersey cudweed i 

Asteraceae Senecio biserratus crosscut fireweed 

Asteraceae Senecio glomeratus purple fireweed 

Asteraceae Senecio hispidulus rough fireweed 

Asteraceae Senecio pinnatifolius variable groundsel 

fireweed or fireweed 

Asteraceae Senecio linearifolius 

groundsel 

Asteraceae Senecio minimus shrubby fireweed 

Asteraceae Senecio quadridentatus cotton fireweed 

Asteraceae Solenogyne dominii smooth flat-herb 

Asteraceae Solenogyne gunnii hairy flat-herb 

Asteraceae Sonchus asper prickly sow thistle i 

Asteraceae Sonchus oleraceus common sowthistle i 

Asteraceae Taraxacum officinale common dandelion i 

Asteraceae Vellereophyton dealbatum white cudweed i 

Atherosperma moschatum 

Atherospermataceae subsp. moschatum sassafras 

Boraginaceae Cynoglossum suaveolens sweet houndstongue 

Brassicaceae Cardamine sp bittercress 

Brassicaceae Lepidium latifolium perennial peppercress i 

Brassicaceae Rorippa dictyosperma forest bittercress 


59 



Burmanniaceae Thismia rodwayi fairy lanterns 

Campanulaceae Isotoma fluviatilis swamp isotome 

Campanulaceae Lobelia anceps angled lobelia 

Campanulaceae Lobelia gibbosa tall lobelia 

Campanulaceae Lobelia rhombifolia tufted lobelia 

Campanulaceae Pratia pedunculata matted pratia 

Campanulaceae Pratia surrepens mud pratia 

Campanulaceae Wahlenbergia gracilenta annual bluebell 

Campanulaceae Wahlenbergia gracilis sprawling bluebell 

Campanulaceae Wahlenbergia gymnoclada naked bluebell 

Campanulaceae Wahlenbergia littoricola shore-side bluebell 

Campanulaceae Wahlenbergia stricta tall bluebell 

Caprifoliaceae Sambucus gaudichaudiana white elderberry 

Caryophyllaceae Cerastium vulgare mouse-ear chickweed i 

Colobanthus apetalus var. 

Caryophyllaceae apetalus coast cupflower 

Caryophyllaceae Scleranthus biflorus twinflower knawel 

Caryophyllaceae Silene gallica french catchfly i 

Caryophyllaceae Spergularia media coastal sand-spurry i 

Caryophyllaceae Stellaria multiflora rayless starwort 

Casuarinaceae Allocasuarina littoralis black sheoak 

Casuarinaceae Allocasuarina monilifera necklace sheoak 

Casuarinaceae Allocasuarina verticillata drooping sheoak 

Chenopodiaceae Chenopodium glaucum pale goosefoot i 

Chenopodiaceae Einadia nutans subsp. nutans 

Rhagodia candolleana subsp. 

climbing saltbush 

Chenopodiaceae candolleana coastal saltbush 

Chenopodiaceae Sarcocornia quinqueflora beaded glasswort 

Chenopodiaceae Suaeda australis southern seablite 

Clusiaceae Hypericum gramineum small st johns-wort 

Clusiaceae Hypericum japonicum matted st johns-wort 

Convolvulus angustissimus 

Convolvulaceae subsp. angustissimus blushing bindweed 

Convolvulaceae Dichondra repens kidneyweed 

Convolvulaceae Wilsonia backhousei narrowleaf wilsonia 

Convolvulaceae Wilsonia rotundifolia roundleaf wilsonia 

Crassulaceae Crassula closiana stalked stonecrop 

Crassulaceae Crassula sieberiana australian stonecrop 

Crassulaceae Echeveria sp. hen and chicks i 

Cunoniaceae Bauera rubioides wiry bauera 

Dilleniaceae Hibbertia empetrifolia scrambling guinea-flower 

Dilleniaceae Hibbertia hirsuta hairy guineaflower 

Dilleniaceae Hibbertia procumbens spreading guineaflower 

Dilleniaceae Hibbertia prostrata prostrate guineaflower 

Dilleniaceae Hibbertia riparia erect guineaflower 

Dilleniaceae Hibbertia serpyllifolia thyme guineaflower 

Drosera peltata subsp. 

Droseraceae 

auriculata tall sundew 

Drosera peltata subsp. 

Droseraceae 

peltata pale sundew 

Droseraceae Drosera spatulata rosysundew 

Elaeocarpaceae Aristotelia peduncularis heartberry 


60 



Epacridaceae Acrotriche serrulata ants delight 

Epacridaceae Astroloma humifusum native cranberry 

Epacridaceae Brachyloma ciliatum fringed heath 

Epacridaceae Cyathodes divaricata divaricate cheeseberry 

Epacridaceae Cyathodes glauca purple cheeseberry 

Epacridaceae Cyathodes juniperina pink or crimson berry 

Epacridaceae Cyathodes parvifolia pink mountain berry 

Epacridaceae Cyathodes pendulosa pendulous montain berry 

Epacridaceae Epacris gunnii coral heath 

Epacridaceae Epacris impressa common heath 

Epacridaceae Epacris lanuginosa swamp heath 

Epacridaceae Epacris marginata rigid heath 

Epacridaceae Epacris obtusifolia bluntleaf heath 

Epacridaceae Epacris tasmanica eastern heath 

Epacridaceae Epacris virgata (Kettering) pretty heath 

Epacridaceae Leucopogon collinus white beardheath 

Epacridaceae Leucopogon ericoides pink beardheath 

Epacridaceae Leucopogon parviflorus coast beardheath 

Epacridaceae Leucopogon virgatus common beard-heath 

Lissanthe strigosa subsp. 

Epacridaceae 

subulata peachberry heath 

Epacridaceae Monotoca empetrifolia mat broomheath 

Epacridaceae Monotoca glauca goldey wood 

Epacridaceae Monotoca submutica round-leaf monotoca 

Epacridaceae Pentachondra involucrata forest frillyheath 

Epacridaceae Sprengelia incarnata pink swampheath 

Ericaceae Erica baccans berryflower heath i 

Escalloniaceae Anopterus glandulosus tasmanian laurel 

Amperea xiphoclada var. 

Euphorbiaceae xiphoclada broom spurge 

Euphorbiaceae Beyeria viscosa pinkwood 

Euphorbiaceae Micrantheum hexandrum river tridentbush 

Euphorbiaceae Phyllanthus australis southern spurge 

Euphorbiaceae Phyllanthus gunnii shrubby spurge 

Euphorbiaceae Poranthera microphylla small poranthera 

Fabaceae Aotus ericoides golden pea 

Fabaceae Bossiaea cinerea showy bossia 

Fabaceae Bossiaea prostrata creeping bossia 

Fabaceae Daviesia latifolia hop bitterpea 

Fabaceae Daviesia sejugata leafy spiky bitterpea 

Daviesia ulicifolia subsp. 

Fabaceae 

ulicifolia yellow spiky bitterpea 

Fabaceae Dillwynia glaberrima smooth parrotpea 

Fabaceae Dillwynia sericea showy parrotpea 

Fabaceae Gompholobium huegelii common wedgepea 

Fabaceae Hovea heterophylla winter purplepea 

Fabaceae Indigofera australis native indigo 

Fabaceae Kennedia prostrata running postman 

Fabaceae Lotus uliginosus greater birdsfoot-trefoil 

Fabaceae Oxylobium ellipticum 

Pultenaea daphnoides var. 

golden shaggypea 

Fabaceae 

obcordata heartleaf bushpea 


61 



Fabaceae Pultenaea gunnii golden bushpea 

Fabaceae Pultenaea juniperina prickly beauty 

Fabaceae Pultenaea pedunculata matted bushpea 

Fabaceae Sphaerolobium minus eastern globepea 

Fabaceae Trifolium dubium suckling clover i 

Fabaceae Trifolium repens white clover i 

Fabaceae Trifolium subterraneum subterranean clover i 

Fabaceae Ulex europaeus gorse i 

Fabaceae Vicia sp. vetch i 

Gentianaceae Centaurium erythraea common centaury i 

Gentianaceae Centaurium tenuiflorum slender centaury i 

Gentianaceae Sebaea ovata yellow sebaea 

Geraniaceae Geranium potentilloides mountain cranesbill 

Geranium sessiliflorum 

Geraniaceae 

subsp. brevicaule alpine cranesbill 

Geraniaceae Geranium solanderi southern cranesbill 

Geraniaceae Pelargonium australe southern storksbill 

Geraniaceae Pelargonium inodorum annual storksbill 

Goodeniaceae Goodenia elongata lanky native-primrose 

Goodeniaceae Goodenia lanata trailing native-primrose 

Goodeniaceae Goodenia ovata hop native-primrose 

Gyrostemonaceae Gyrostemon thesioides broom wheelfruit 

Haloragaceae Gonocarpus humilis shade raspwort 

Gonocarpus micranthus 

Haloragaceae subsp. micranthus creeping raspwort 

Haloragaceae Gonocarpus tetragynus common raspwort 

Haloragaceae Gonocarpus teucrioides forest raspwort 

Haloragaceae Haloragis heterophylla variable raspwort 

Haloragaceae Myriophyllum pedunculatum mat water-milfoil 

Haloragaceae Myriophyllum salsugineum lake watermilfoil 

Haloragaceae Myriophyllum simulans amphibious watermilfoil 

Juncaginaceae Triglochin procerum greater waterribbons 

Juncaginaceae Triglochin rheophilum stream waterribbons 

Lamiaceae Ajuga australis australian bugle 

Lamiaceae Marrubium vulgare white horehound i 

Mentha diemenica var. 

Lamiaceae 

serpyllifolia 

Prostanthera lasianthos var. 

thymeleaf mint 

Lamiaceae 

lasianthos christmas mintbush 

Lamiaceae Prunella vulgaris selfheal 

Lamiaceae Teucrium corymbosum forest germander 

Lauraceae Cassytha glabella glabrous dodderlaurel 

Lauraceae Cassytha pubescens downy dodderlaurel 

Linaceae Linum marginale native flax 

Linaceae Linum trigynum french flax 

Loganiaceae Mitrasacme pilosa var. stuartii stalked hairy mitrewort 

Loganiaceae Phyllangium divergens wiry mitrewort 

Malvaceae Asterotrichion discolor tasmanian currajong 

Malvaceae Lawrencia spicata candle saltmallow 

Acacia dealbata subsp. 

Mimosaceae 

dealbata silver wattle 

Mimosaceae Acacia derwentiana derwent wattle 


62 



Mimosaceae Acacia genistifolia spreading wattle 

Mimosaceae Acacia gunnii ploughshare wattle 

Mimosaceae Acacia mearnsii black wattle 

Mimosaceae Acacia melanoxylon blackwood 

Acacia mucronata subsp. 

Mimosaceae 

mucronata erect caterpillar wattle 

Mimosaceae Acacia myrtifolia redstem wattle 

Mimosaceae Acacia riceana arching wattle 

Mimosaceae Acacia stricta hop wattle 

Mimosaceae Acacia suaveolens sweet wattle 

Mimosaceae Acacia verniciflua varnish wattle 

Acacia verticillata subsp. 

Mimosaceae 

verticillata prickly mimosa 

Acacia verticillata subsp.. 

Mimosaceae 

ruscifolia broadleaf prickly mimosa 

Monimiaceae Atherosperma moschatum sassafras 

Myoporaceae Myoporum insulare common boobialla 

Myrtaceae Callistemon pallidus yellow bottlebrush 

Myrtaceae Callistemon viridiflorus prickly bottlebrush 

Myrtaceae Eucalyptus amygdalina black peppermint 

Myrtaceae Eucalyptus barberi barbers gum 

Myrtaceae Eucalyptus brookeriana brookers gum 

Myrtaceae Eucalyptus coccifera snow peppermint 

Myrtaceae Eucalyptus cordata tasmanian silver gum 

Eucalyptus dalrympleana 

Myrtaceae 

subsp. dalrympleana mountain white gum 

Eucalyptus delegatensis 

Myrtaceae 

subsp. tasmaniensis 

Eucalyptus globulus subsp. 

gumtopped stringybark 

Myrtaceae 

globulus tasmanian blue gum 

Myrtaceae Eucalyptus johnstonii yellow gum 

Myrtaceae Eucalyptus nitens shining gum i 

Myrtaceae Eucalyptus obliqua stringybark 

Myrtaceae Eucalyptus ovata var. ovata 

Eucalyptus pauciflora subsp. 

black gum 

Myrtaceae 

pauciflora cabbage gum 

Myrtaceae Eucalyptus pulchella white peppermint 

Myrtaceae Eucalyptus regnans giant ash 

Myrtaceae Eucalyptus rodwayi swamp peppermint 

Myrtaceae Eucalyptus rubida candlebark 

Myrtaceae Eucalyptus sieberi ironbark 

Myrtaceae Eucalyptus tenuiramis silver peppermint 

Myrtaceae Eucalyptus urnigera 

Eucalyptus viminalis subsp. 

urn gum 

Myrtaceae 

viminalis white gum 

Euryomyrtus ramosissima 

Myrtaceae 

subsp. ramosissima rosy heathmyrtle 

Myrtaceae Leptospermum lanigerum woolly teatree 

Leptospermum scoparium 

Myrtaceae 

var. eximium broadleaf common teatree 

Leptospermum scoparium 

Myrtaceae 

var. scoparium common teatree 

Myrtaceae Melaleuca gibbosa slender honeymyrtle 


63 



Oleaceae Notelaea ligustrina native olive 

Epilobium billardierianum 

Onagraceae 

subsp. cinereum . grey willowherb 

Epilobium billardierianum 

Onagraceae 

subsp. intermedium . marsh willowherb 

Onagraceae Epilobium sp. willowherb 

Oxalis corniculata subsp. 

Oxalidaceae 

corniculata yellow woodsorrel 

Oxalidaceae Oxalis magellanica snowdrop woodsorrel 

Oxalidaceae Oxalis perennans grassland woodsorrel 

Pittosporaceae Billardiera longiflora purple appleberry 

Billardiera longiflora var. 

Pittosporaceae alpina alpine purple apple-berry 

Bursaria spinosa subsp. 

Pittosporaceae spinosa prickly box 

Pittosporaceae Pittosporum bicolor cheesewood 

Pittosporum undulatum 

Pittosporaceae subsp. Xemmettii hybrid pittosporum 

Pittosporaceae Rhytidosporum procumbens 

Plantago coronopus subsp. 

starry appleberry 

Plantaginaceae coronopus slender buckshorn plantain i 

Plantaginaceae Plantago hispida hairy plantain 

Plantaginaceae Plantago lanceolata ribwort plantain i 

Plantaginaceae Plantago varia variable plantain 

Polygalaceae Comesperma retusum mountain milkwort 

Polygalaceae Comesperma volubile blue lovecreeper 

Polygonaceae Acetosella vulgaris sheep sorrel i 

Polygonaceae Rumex brownii slender dock 

Potamogetonaceae Potamogeton ochreatus blunt pondweed 

Primulaceae Samolus repens creeping brookweed 

Proteaceae Banksia marginata silver banksia 

Proteaceae Hakea lissosperma mountain needlebush 

Proteaceae Hakea microcarpa smallfruit needlebush 

Hakea teretifolia subsp. 

Proteaceae 

hirsuta dagger needlebush 

Proteaceae Lomatia tinctoria guitarplant 

Proteaceae Persoonia gunnii gunn's geebung 

Persoonia juniperina var 

Proteaceae 

juniperina prickly geebung 

Persoonia juniperina var. 

Proteaceae 

brevifolia shortleaf geebung 

Ranunculaceae Clematis aristata southern clematis 

Ranunculaceae Clematis gentianoides ground clematis 

Ranunculaceae Ranunculus amphitrichus river buttercup 

Ranunculaceae Ranunculus lappaceus woodland buttercup 

Ranunculaceae Ranunculus pascuinus 

Pomaderris apetala subsp. 

pressed-hair buttercup 

Rhamnaceae 

apetala common dogwood 

Pomaderris elliptica var. 

Rhamnaceae 

elliptica 

Pomaderris phylicifolia subsp. 

yellow dogwood 

Rhamnaceae 

phylicifolia narrowleaf dogwood 

Rhamnaceae Pomaderris pilifera hairy dogwood 

Rhamnaceae Spyridium lawrencei small-leaf dustymiller 


64 



Spyridium obovatum var. 

Rhamnaceae 

obovatum smooth dustymiller 

Spyridium obovatum var. 

Rhamnaceae 

velutinum velvet dustymiller 

Spyridium parvifolium var. 

Rhamnaceae 

parvifolium coast dustymiller 

Rhamnaceae Spyridium ulicinum scented dustymiller 

Rosaceae Acaena echinata sheepsburr 

Rosaceae Acaena novae-zelandiae common buzzy 

Rosaceae Aphanes arvensis parsley piert i 

Rosaceae Crataegus monogyna hawthorn i 

Rosaceae Rosa canina dog rose i 

Rosaceae Rosa rubiginosa sweet briar i 

Rosaceae Rubus fruticosus blackberry i 

Rosaceae Rubus parvifolius native raspberry i 

Rubiaceae Asperula conferta common woodruff 

Rubiaceae Asperula subsimplex water woodruff 

Rubiaceae Coprosma hirtella coffeeberry 

Rubiaceae Coprosma nitida mountain currant 

Rubiaceae Coprosma quadrifida native currant 

Rubiaceae Galium australe tangled bedstraw 

Rubiaceae Galium ciliare hairy bedstraw 

Rubiaceae Galium gaudichaudii rough bedstraw 

Rubiaceae Opercularia ovata broadleaf stinkweed 

Rubiaceae Opercularia varia variable stinkweed 

Rutaceae Boronia anemonifolia stinking boronia 

Rutaceae Boronia nana dwarf boronia 

Rutaceae Boronia parviflora swamp boronia 

Rutaceae Boronia pilosa hairy boronia 

Rutaceae Correa reflexa var. reflexa 

Nematolepis squamea subsp. 

common correa 

Rutaceae 

retusa blunt satinwood 

Rutaceae Philotheca verrucosa fairy waxflower 

Zieria arborescens subsp. 

Rutaceae 

arborescens stinkwood 

Salicaceae Salix fragilis crack willow i 

Santalaceae Exocarpos cupressiformis common native-cherry 

Santalaceae Exocarpos strictus pearly native-cherry 

Santalaceae Leptomeria drupacea erect currantbush 

Sapindaceae Dodonaea filiformis fineleaf hopbush 

Dodonaea viscosa subsp. 

Sapindaceae 

spatulata broadleaf hopbush 

Euphrasia collina subsp. 

Scrophulariaceae collina tall eyebright 

Scrophulariaceae Euphrasia phragmostoma hairy cliff-eyebright 

Scrophulariaceae Gratiola peruviana southern brooklime 

Scrophulariaceae Mazus pumilio swamp mazus 

Scrophulariaceae Verbascum thapsus great mullein i 

Scrophulariaceae Veronica calycina hairy speedwell 

Scrophulariaceae Veronica formosa common speedwell bush 

Scrophulariaceae Veronica gracilis slender speedwell 

Solanaceae Solanum laciniatum kangaroo apple 

Stackhousiaceae Stackhousia monogyna forest candles 


65 



Stylidiaceae Stylidium graminifolium narrowleaf triggerplant 

Thymelaeaceae Pimelea cinerea grey riceflower 

Thymelaeaceae Pimelea drupacea cherry riceflower 

Thymelaeaceae Pimelea flava subsp. flava yellow riceflower 

Thymelaeaceae Pimelea humilis dwarf riceflower 

Pimelea linifolia subsp. 

Thymelaeaceae linifolia slender rice-flower 

Thymelaeaceae Pimelea nivea bushmans bootlace 

Tremandraceae Tetratheca labillardierei glandular pinkbells 

Tetratheca pilosa subsp. 

Tremandraceae pilosa hairy pinkbells 

Australina pusilla subsp. 

Urticaceae 

pusilla small shade nettle 

Urticaceae Urtica incisa scrub nettle 

Violaceae Hymenanthera dentata spiky violetbush 

Violaceae Melicytus dentatus spiky velvetbush 

Viola betonicifolia subsp. 

Violaceae 

betonicifolia showy violet 

Violaceae Viola cleistogamoides shy violet 

Viola hederacea subsp. 

Violaceae 

hederacea ivyleaf violet 

Winteraceae Tasmannia lanceolata mountain pepper 

MONOCOTYLEDONS 

Cyperaceae Baumea arthrophylla fine twigsedge 

Cyperaceae Baumea rubiginosa soft twigsedge 

Cyperaceae Baumea tetragona square twigsedge 

Cyperaceae Carex appressa tall sedge 

Cyperaceae Carex breviculmis shortstem sedge 

Cyperaceae Carex fascicularis tassel sedge 

Cyperaceae Carex inversa knob sedge 

Cyperaceae Carex iynx tussock sedge 

Cyperaceae Carex polyantha river sedge 

Cyperaceae Carex tereticaulis hollow sedge 

Cyperaceae Cyperus sanguinolentus dark flatsedge i 

Cyperaceae Eleocharis acuta common spikesedge 

Cyperaceae Eleocharis gracilis slender spikesedge 

Cyperaceae Eleocharis sphacelata tall spikesedge 

Cyperaceae Gahnia filum chaffy sawsedge 

Cyperaceae Gahnia grandis cutting grass 

Cyperaceae Gahnia radula thatch sawsedge 

Cyperaceae Gahnia rodwayi dwarf sawsedge 

Cyperaceae Gahnia sieberiana redfruit sawsedge 

Cyperaceae Isolepis cernua nodding clubsedge 

Cyperaceae Isolepis fluitans floating clubsedge 

Cyperaceae Isolepis hookeriana grassy clubsedge 

Cyperaceae Isolepis inundata swamp clubsedge 

Cyperaceae Isolepis nodosa knobby clubsedge 

Cyperaceae Isolepis producta nutty clubsedge 

Cyperaceae Isolepis subtilissima dwarf clubsedge 

Cyperaceae Isolepis wakefieldiana tufted clubsedge 


66 



Cyperaceae Lepidosperma concavum sand swordsedge 

Cyperaceae Lepidosperma elatius tall swordsedge 

Cyperaceae Lepidosperma ensiforme arching swordsedge 

Cyperaceae Lepidosperma filiforme common rapiersedge 

Cyperaceae Lepidosperma globosum stiff swordsedge 

Cyperaceae Lepidosperma gunnii narrow swordsedge 

Cyperaceae Lepidosperma inops fan sedge 

Cyperaceae Lepidosperma laterale variable swordsedge 

Cyperaceae Lepidosperma longitudinale pithy swordsedge 

Cyperaceae Lepidosperma oldfieldii dark sawsedge 

Cyperaceae Schoenus apogon 

Schoenuslepidosperma 

common bogsedge 

Cyperaceae 

subsp. lepidosperma slender bogsedge 

Cyperaceae Schoenus nitens shiny bogsedge 

Cyperaceae Tetraria capillaris hair sedge 

Cyperaceae Uncinia tenella delicate hooksedge 

Iridaceae Diplarrena moraea white flag-iris 

Iridaceae Patersonia fragilis short purple flag 

Juncaceae Juncus amabilis gentle rush 

Juncaceae Juncus articulatus jointed rush 

Juncaceae Juncus astreptus rigid rush 

Juncaceae Juncus australis southern rush 

Juncaceae Juncus bassianus forest rush 

Juncaceae Juncus caespiticius grassy rush 

Juncaceae Juncus capitatus capitate rush 

Juncaceae Juncus curtisiae short jointleaf rush 

Juncaceae Juncus filicaulis thread rush 

Juncaceae Juncus gregiflorus green rush 

Juncaceae Juncus holoschoenus jointleaf rush 

Juncaceae Juncus kraussii sea rush 

Juncaceae Juncus pallidus pale rush 

Juncaceae Juncus pauciflorus looseflower rush 

Juncaceae Juncus planifolius broadleaf rush 

Juncaceae Juncus prismatocarpus branching rush 

Juncaceae Juncus procerus tall rush 

Juncaceae Juncus sarophorus broom rush 

Juncaceae Juncus squarrosus heath rush 

Juncaceae Juncus subsecundus finger rush 

Juncaceae Juncus vaginatus clustered rush 

Juncaceae Luzula flaccida pale woodrush 

Juncaceae Luzula multiflora flowery woodrush i 

Liliaceae Arthropodium milleflorum pale vanilla-lily 

Liliaceae Bulbine glauca bluish bulbinelily 

Liliaceae Burchardia umbellata 

Chamaescilla corymbosa var. 

milkmaids 

Liliaceae 

corymbosa blue stars 

Liliaceae Dianella revoluta var. revoluta spreading flaxliliy 

Liliaceae Dianella tasmanica forest flaxlily 

Liliaceae Drymophila cyanocarpa turquoise berry 

Hypoxis hygrometrica var. 

Liliaceae 

hygrometrica golden weatherglass 

Liliaceae Laxmannia orientalis dwarf wire-lily 


67 



Liliaceae Thysanotus patersonii twining fringelily 

Liliaceae Wurmbea uniflora oneflower early nancy 

Orchidaceae Acianthus caudatus mayfly orchid 

Orchidaceae Acianthus pusillus small mosquito-orchid 

Orchidaceae Caladenia alata fairy fingers 

Orchidaceae Caladenia atrata dark finger-orchid 

Orchidaceae Caladenia carnea pink fingers 

Orchidaceae Caladenia deformis blue fairies 

Orchidaceae Caladenia fuscata dusky fingers 

Orchidaceae Caladenia gracilis musky caladenia 

Orchidaceae Caladenia vulgaris summer fingers 

Orchidaceae Caleana major flying duck-orchid 

Orchidaceae Calochilus herbaceus pale beard-orchid 

Orchidaceae Chiloglottis cornuta green bird-orchid 

Orchidaceae Chiloglottis grammata small bird-orchid 

Orchidaceae Chiloglottis gunnii tall bird-orchid 

Orchidaceae Chiloglottis reflexa autumn bird-orchid 

Orchidaceae Chiloglottis sp. Wielangta Wielangta bird-orchid 

Orchidaceae Corunastylis morrisii bearded midge-orchid 

Orchidaceae Corunastylis nuda tiny midge-orchid 

Orchidaceae Corunastylis tasmanica tasmanian midge-orchid 

Orchidaceae Corybas diemenicus stately helmet-orchid 

Orchidaceae Corybas incurvus slaty helmet-orchid 

Orchidaceae Corybas unguiculatus small helmet orchid 

Orchidaceae Cryptostylis subulata large tongue-orchid 

Orchidaceae Cyrtostylis reniformis small gnat-orchid 

Orchidaceae Dipodium roseum rosy hyacinth-orchid 

Orchidaceae Diuris pardina leopard orchid 

Orchidaceae Diuris sulphurea tiger orchid 

Orchidaceae Eriochilus cucullatus autumn orchid 

Orchidaceae Gastrodia sesamoides short potato-orchid 

Orchidaceae Glossodia major waxlip orchid 

Orchidaceae Lyperanthus suaveolens brown beaks 

Orchidaceae Microtis arenaria notched onion-orchid 

Orchidaceae Microtis parviflora slender onion-orchid 

Orchidaceae Microtis unifolia common onion-orchid 

Orchidaceae Prasophyllum australe austral leek-orchid 

Orchidaceae Prasophyllum brevilabre shortlip leek-orchid 

Orchidaceae Prasophyllum elatum tall leek-orchid 

Orchidaceae Prasophyllum flavum yellow leek-orchid 

Orchidaceae Prasophyllum truncatum truncate leek-orchid 

Orchidaceae Pterostylis alata striped greenhood 

Orchidaceae Pterostylis aphylla leafless greenhood 

Orchidaceae Pterostylis atrans darktip greenhood 

Orchidaceae Pterostylis atriola snug greenhood 

Orchidaceae Pterostylis decurva summer greenhood 

Orchidaceae Pterostylis grammata small bird-orchid 

Orchidaceae Pterostylis nutans nodding greenhood 

Orchidaceae Pterostylis parviflora tiny greenhood 

Orchidaceae Pterostylis pedoglossa prawn greenhood 

Orchidaceae Pterostylis pedunculata maroonhood 


68 



Orchidaceae Pterostylis triceratops three-horned bird-orchid 

Orchidaceae Pterostylis williamsonii brownlip greenhood 

Orchidaceae Sarcochilus australis gunns tree-orchid 

Orchidaceae Thelymitra ixioides spotted sun orchid 

Orchidaceae Thelymitra pauciflora slender sun-orchid 

Orchidaceae Thelymitra rubra pink sun-orchid 

Poaceae Agrostis capillaris browntop bentgrass i 

Poaceae Agrostis stolonifera creeping bentgrass i 

Poaceae Agrostis venusta graceful bent 

Poaceae Aira caryophyllea silvery hairgrass i 

Poaceae Ammophila arenaria marram grass i 

Poaceae Anthoxanthum odoratum sweet vernalgrass 

Poaceae Austrodanthonia caespitosa common wallabygrass 

Poaceae Austrodanthonia dimidiata half-formed wallaby-grass 

Poaceae Austrodanthonia gracilis slender wallaby-grass 

Poaceae Austrodanthonia laevis wallabygrass 

Poaceae Austrodanthonia penicillata slender wallabygrass 

Poaceae Austrodanthonia pilosa velvet wallabygrass 

Poaceae Austrodanthonia racemosa wallabygrass 

Poaceae Austrodanthonia setacea bristly wallabygrass 

Poaceae Austrofestuca hookeriana swamp fescue 

Poaceae Austrofestuca littoralis coast fescue 

Poaceae Austrostipa aphylla tall spear-grass 

Poaceae Austrostipa mollis soft spear-grass 

Poaceae Austrostipa nodosa knotty speargrass 

Poaceae Austrostipa pubinodis tall spear-grass 

Austrostipa rudis subsp. 

Poaceae 

australis austral spear-grass 

Poaceae Austrostipa semibarbata barbed spear-grass 

Poaceae Austrostipa stipoides coastal spear-grass 

Poaceae Austrostipa stuposa corkscrew grass 

Poaceae Briza minor lesser quaking-grass i 

Poaceae Cynosurus echinatus rough dogstail i 

Poaceae Dactylis glomerata cocksfoot i 

Poaceae Deyeuxia apsleyensis apsley bentgrass 

Poaceae Deyeuxia benthamiana benthams bentgrass 

Poaceae Deyeuxia contracta compact bentgrass 

Poaceae Deyeuxia densa heath bentgrass 

Poaceae Deyeuxia frigida forest bentgrass 

Poaceae Deyeuxia monticola mountain bentgrass 

Poaceae Deyeuxia quadriseta reed bentgrass 

Poaceae Deyeuxia rodwayi tasman bentgrass 

Poaceae Dichelachne crinita longhair plumegrass 

Poaceae Dichelachne rara scarce plume-grass 

Poaceae Distichlis distichophylla australian saltgrass 

Poaceae Echinopogon ovatus hedgehog grass 

Poaceae Ehrharta distichophylla hairy ricegrass 

Poaceae Ehrharta stipoides weeping grass 

Poaceae Elymus scaber rough wheatgrass 

Poaceae Festuca arundinacea tall fescue i 

Poaceae Hemarthria uncinata hooked matgrass 

Poaceae Holcus lanatus yorkshire fog i 


69 



Poaceae Holcus mollis creeping fog i 

Poaceae Lachnagrostis aemula tumbling blowngrass i 

Poaceae Lachnagrostis billardierei coast blown grass 

Poaceae Lachnagrostis filiformis common blown grass 

Poaceae Lolium perenne perennial ryegrass 

Poaceae Notodanthonia semiannularis marsh wallabygrass 

Poaceae Paspalum dilatatum paspalum i 

Poaceae Pentapogon quadrifidus five-awned spear-grass 

Poaceae Phragmites australis southern reed 

Poaceae Poa labillardierei var. acris bluish silver tussockgrass 

Poa labillardierei var. 

Poaceae 

labillardierei silver tussockgrass 

Poaceae Poa poiformis blue tussock grass 

Poaceae Poa rodwayi velvet tussockgrass 

Poaceae Poa sieberiana grey tussockgrass 

Poaceae Poa tenera scrambling tussockgrass 

Poaceae Puccinellia stricta saltmarsh grass 

Poaceae Themeda triandra kangaroo grass 

Poaceae Vulpia sp. vetch i 

Restionaceae Hypolaena fastigiata tassel roperush 

Restionaceae Leptocarpus brownii coarse twine-rush 

Restionaceae Leptocarpus tenax slender twinerush 

mountain or austral cord- 

Restionaceae Restio australis 

rush 

Typhaceae Typha domingensis slender cumbungi 

Typhaceae Typha orientalis broadleaf cumbungi 

Xanthorrhoeaceae Lomandra longifolia sagg 

Xanthorrhoeaceae Lomandra nana dwarf mat-rush 

Xanthorrhoeaceae Xanthorrhoea australis southern grasstree 

Xyridaceae Xyris marginata alpine yelloweye 

GYMNOSPERMS 

Cupressaceae Callitris rhomboidea oyster bay pine 

Pinaceae Pinus radiata radiata pine i 

Podocarpaceae Phyllocladus aspleniifolius celerytop pine 

PTERIDOPHYTE 

Adiantaceae Cheilanthes austrotenuifolia rock fern 

Adiantaceae Adiantum aethiopicum common maidenhair 

Adiantaceae Pellaea falcata 

Asplenium bulbiferum subsp. 

sickle fern 

Aspleniaceae 

gracillimum Mother spleenwort 

Aspleniaceae Asplenium flabellifolium necklace fern 

Asplenium appendiculatum 

Aspleniaceae 

subsp. appendiculatum narrow spleenwort 

Blechnaceae Blechnum chambersii lance waterfern 

Blechnaceae Blechnum minus soft waterfern 

Blechnaceae Blechnum nudum fishbone waterfern 

Blechnaceae Blechnum patersonii subsp. strap waterfern 


70 



Blechnaceae 

patersonii 

Blechnum wattsii hard waterfern 

Blechnaceae Doodia media common rasp-fern 

Cyathea australis subsp. 

Cyatheaceae 

australis rough treefern 

Dennstaedtiaceae Histiopteris incisa batswing fern 

Dennstaedtiaceae Pteridium esculentum bracken 

Dennstaedtiaceae Hypolepis rugosula ruddy groundfern 

Dicksoniaceae Dicksonia antarctica soft treefern 

Dryopteridaceae Polystichum proliferum mother shield-fern 

Dryopteridaceae Rumohra adiantiformis leathery shield-fern 

Gleicheniaceae Gleichenia microphylla scrambling coralfern 

Gleicheniaceae Gleichenia dicarpa pouched coralfern 

Grammitidaceae Grammitis billardierei common fingerfern 

Grammitidaceae Ctenopteris heterophylla gypsy fern 

Grammitis magellanica beech fingerfern 

Grammitidaceae subsp. nothofageti 

Hymenophyllum 

Hymenophyllaceae cupressiforme common filmyfern 

Hymenophyllaceae Hymenophyllum rarum narrow filmyfern 

Hymenophyllaceae Hymenophyllum australe southern filmyfern 

Hymenophyllaceae Hymenophyllum flabellatum shiny filmyfern 

Hymenophyllaceae Hymenophyllum peltatum alpine filmyfern 

Hymenophyllaceae Crepidomanes venosum bristle filmyfern 

Lindsaeaceae Lindsaea linearis screw fern 

Lycopodiaceae Huperzia varia long clubmoss 

Ophioglossaceae Ophioglossum lusitanicum adders’ tongue 

Microsorum pustulatum 

Polypodiaceae subsp. pustulatum kangaroo fern 

Psilotaceae Tmesipteris obliqua common forkfern 


Appendix 4: Fauna Species of Wielangta 

71 


GROUP NAME Common Name or Family 

Ant Amblypone australis ant 

Ant Iridomyrmex spp ant 

Ant Myrmecia esuriens bull ant 

Ant Myrmecia forficata bull ant 

Ant Myrmecia pilosula jackjumper 

Beetle Adelium abbreviatum Tenebrionidae 

Beetle Adelium licinoides 

Beetle Adoryphorus couloni redheaded pasture cockchafer 

Beetle Atoichus bicolor 

Beetle Brycopia picta Tenebrionidae 

Beetle Chylnus ater Carabidae 

Beetle Coccinella undecimpunctata elevensotted ladybird 

Beetle Comanthus (cenolia) trichoptera 

Beetle Coripera deplanata Tenebrionidae 

Beetle Coripera deplanata 

Beetle Creophilus erythrocephalus devil's coach-horse 

Beetle Decilaus striatus Curculionidae 

Beetle Deuterocaulobius villosus 

Beetle Diemenoma commoda Tenebrionidae 

Beetle Diemenoma tasmanica Tenebrionidae 

Beetle Dilophus sp. 

Beetle Dryophthorus sp. Curculionidae 

Beetle Ganyme sapphira Ulodidae 

Beetle Heteronyx sp. D Scarabaeidae 

Beetle Homothes guttifer 

Beetle Homotrysis luctuosa Tenebrionidae 

Beetle Hymaea succinifera 

Beetle Isopteron triviale Tenebrionidae 

Beetle Lepispilus sulcicollis 

Beetle Licinoma commoda 

Beetle Lingora aurata 

Beetle Liparetrus atratus 

Beetle Lissotes cancroides Lucanidae 

Beetle Lissotes curvicornis Lucanidae 

Beetle Lissotes latidens broad-toothed stag beetle 

Beetle Lissotes obtusatus Lucanidae 

Beetle Lissotes obtusatus 

Beetle Lissotes sp. nova 

Beetle Mecyclothorax ambiguus 

Beetle Merimnetes simplicipennis Curculionidae 

Beetle Microchaetes scoparius 

Beetle Notonomus politulus Carabidae 

Beetle Notonomus tubericauda 

Beetle Onthophagus fuliginosus a dung beetle 

Beetle Onthophagus pronus a dung beetle 

Beetle Ooperipatellus insignis tax. C 

Beetle Pasma tasmanica 

Beetle Percosoma carenoides Carabidae 

Beetle Poropterus sp. Curculionidae 


72 



Beetle Promecoderus brunnicornis Carabidae 

Beetle Promecoderus curvipes 

Beetle Promethis angulata 

Beetle Prosopogmus punctifer 

Beetle Prostomis atkinsoni Prostomidae 

Beetle Rhabdotus floridus 

Beetle Rhabdotus reflexus Carabidae 

Beetle Scopodes aterrimus 

Beetle Scopodes sigillatus 

Beetle Sericesthis nigrolineata Scarabaeidae 

Beetle Sessinia sublineata 

Beetle Simodontus australis Carabidae 

Beetle Sloaneana tasmaniae 

Beetle Syndesus cornutus Lucanidae 

Beetle Telura vitticollis Scarabaeidae 

Beetle Thalycrodes australe 

Beetle Trechimorphus diemenensis Carabidae 

Beetle Uniophora granifera 

Butterfly Argynnina hobartia Tasmanian brown or Hobart brown 

Butterfly Pseudalmenus chlorinda tax. 

myrsilus 

tasmanian hairstreak(butterfly) 

Scorpion Cercophonius squama scorpion 

Millipede Lissodesmus sp millipede 

Millipede Tasmanodesmus millipede 

Mollusc Caryodes dufresnii snail 

Mollusc Helicarion cuvieri snail 

Amphibian Crinia signifera brown froglet 

Amphibian Crinia tasmaniensis tasmanian froglet 

Amphibian Limnodynastes dumerili subsp. banjo frog 

insularis 

Amphibian Limnodynastes tasmaniensis spotted grass frog or spotted marsh frog 

Amphibian Litoria ewingi brown tree frog 

Amphibian Pseudophryne semimarmorata southern toadlet 

Bird Acanthiza chrysorrhoa yellow-rumped thornbill 

Bird Acanthiza ewingii tasmanian thornbill 

Bird Acanthiza pusilla subsp. diemenensis brown thornbill 

Bird Acanthorhynchus tenuirostris eastern spinebill 

Bird Acanthornis magna scrubtit 

Bird Accipiter fasciatus subsp. fasciatus brown goshawk 

Bird Alauda arvensis eurasian skylark 

Bird Anas castanea chestnut teal 

Bird Anas platyrhynchos northern mallard 

Bird Anas superciliosa subsp. superciliosa pacific black duck 

Bird Anthochaera chrysoptera subsp. little wattlebird 

tasmanica 

Bird Anthochaera paradoxa yellow wattlebird 

Bird Anthus novaeseelandiae richards pipit 

Bird Aquila audax subsp. fleayi wedge-tailed eagle 

Bird Ardea novaehollandiae white-faced heron 

Bird Ardeola ibis cattle egret 

Bird Artamus cyanopterus subsp. 

cyanopterus 

dusky woodswallow 

Bird Biziura lobata musk duck 


73 



Bird Cacomantis flabelliformis subsp. 

prionurus 

fan-tailed cuckoo 

Bird Cacomantis pallidus pallid cuckoo 

Bird Calyptorhynchus funereus subsp. 

xanthanotus 

yellow-tailed black cockatoo 

Bird Carduelis carduelis european goldfinch 

Bird Carduelis chloris common greenfinch 

Bird Chalcites basalis horsfields bronze-cuckoo 

Bird Charadrius ruficapillus red-capped plover 

Bird Chrysococcyx lucidus subsp. 

plagosus 

shining bronze-cuckoo 

Bird Cinclosoma punctatum subsp. dovei spotted quail-thrush 

Bird Circus approximans subsp. gouldi swamp harrier 

Bird Colluricincla harmonica subsp. 

harmonica 

grey shrike-thrush 

Bird Columba livia rock dove 

Bird Coracina novaehollandiae black-faced cuckoo-shrike 

Bird Corvus tasmanicus subsp. 

tasmanicus 

forest raven 

Bird Coturnix ypsilophora subsp. 

brown quail or swamp quail (ssp. of brown 

ypsilophorus 

quail) 

Bird Cracticus torquatus subsp. cinereus grey butcherbird 

Bird Cygnus atratus black swan 

Bird Dacelo novaeguineae subsp. 

novaeguineae 

laughing kookaburra 

Bird Dryolimnas pectoralis subsp. 

brachipus 

lewin's rail 

Bird Emblema bella beautiful firetail 

Bird Epthianura albifrons white-fronted chat 

Bird Eudyptula minor little penguin 

Bird Falco berigora subsp. tasmanica brown falcon or brown falcon (tasmanian) 

Bird Falco peregrinus subsp. macropus peregrine falcon 

Bird Fulica atra subsp. australis eurasian coot 

Bird Gallinago hardwickii lathams snipe 

Bird Gallinula mortierii tasmanian native hen 

Bird Glossopsitta concinna musk lorikeet 

Bird Grallina cyanoleuca magpie-lark 

Bird Gymnorhina tibicen subsp. hypoleuca australian magpie or australian magpie 

(white-backed ssp.) 

Bird Haematopus longirostris subsp. 

longirostris 

pied oystercatcher 

Bird Haliaeetus leucogaster white-bellied sea-eagle 

Bird Hirundapus caudacutus white-throated needletail 

Bird Hirundo neoxena welcome swallow 

Bird Hirundo nigricans subsp. nigricans tree martin 

Bird Larus novaehollandiae subsp. 

novaehollandiae 

silver gull 

Bird Larus pacificus subsp. pacificus pacific gull 

Bird Lathamus discolor swift parrot 

Bird Lichenostomus chrysops yellow-faced honeyeater 

Bird Lichenostomus flavicollis yellow-throated honeyeater 

Bird Lophortyx californicus california quail 

Bird Malurus cyaneus subsp. cyaneus blue wren or superb fairy wren 

Bird Manorina melanocephala subsp. 

melanocephala 

noisy miner 


74 



Bird Melanodryas vittata dusky robin 

Bird Melithreptus affinis black-headed honeyeater 

Bird Melithreptus validirostris strong-billed honeyeater 

Bird Myiagra cyanoleuca satin flycatcher 

Bird Neophema chrysostoma blue-winged parrot 

Bird Ninox novaeseelandiae subsp. southern boobook (tasmanian) or 

leucopsis 

southern boobook 

Bird Numenius madagascariensis eastern curlew 

Bird Pachycephala olivacea olive whistler 

Bird Pachycephala pectoralis golden whistler 

Bird Pardalotus punctatus spotted pardalote 

Bird Pardalotus striatus subsp. striatus striated pardalote 

Bird Passer domesticus house sparrow 

Bird Petroica multicolor subsp. boodang scarlet robin 

Bird Petroica phoenicea flame robin 

Bird Petroica rodinogaster pink robin 

Bird Phalacrocorax carbo subsp. 


great cormorant 

Bird Phalacrocorax melanoleucos subsp. little pied cormorant 

melanoleucos 

Bird Phalacrocorax sulcirostris little black cormorant 

Bird Phaps chalcoptera common bronzewing 

Bird Phaps elegans brush bronzewing 

Bird Phylidonyris novaehollandiae subsp. 

canescens 

new holland honeyeater (tas.) 

Bird Phylidonyris pyrrhoptera subsp. 

inornata 

crescent honeyeater (tas) 

Bird Platycercus caledonicus green rosella 

Bird Platycercus eximius subsp. 

eastern rosella 

diemenensis 

Bird Podargus strigoides subsp. strigoides tawny frogmouth 

Bird Poliocephalus poliocephalus hoary-headed grebe 

Bird Rhipidura fuliginosa grey fantail 

Bird Rhipidura fuliginosa subsp. albiscapa grey fantail 

Bird Sericornis humilis tasmanian scrubwren 

Bird Sterna albifrons subsp. sinensis little tern 

Bird Sterna nereis subsp. nereis fairy tern 

Bird Strepera fuliginosa black currawong 

Bird Strepera versicolor subsp. arguta grey currawong (clinking) 

Bird Sturnus vulgaris common starling 

Bird Thinornis rubricollis hooded plover 

Bird Turdus merula common blackbird 

Bird Tyto novaehollandiae masked owl 

Bird Vanellus miles subsp. 

masked lapwing 


Bird Zoothera lunulata bassian thrush 

Bird Zosterops lateralis subsp. lateralis silvereye 

Fish Anguilla australis southern short-finned eel 

Fish Galaxias maculatus jollytail 

Fish Galaxias truttaceus trout galaxias 

Fish Salmo trutta brown trout 

Fish Tasmanogobius sp. 

Mammal Antechinus swainsonii subsp. 

swainsonii 

dusky antechinus 


75 



Mammal Bettongia gaimardi tasmanian bettong 

Mammal Sminthopsis leucopus white-footed dunnart 

Mammal Capra hircus goat 

Mammal Cercartetus lepidus little pygmy-possum 

Mammal Dasyurus maculatus subsp. 

spotted-tailed quoll 

maculatus 

Mammal Dasyurus viverrinus eastern quoll 

Mammal Felis catus cat 

Mammal Isoodon obesulus subsp. affinis southern brown bandicoot 

Mammal Lepus capensis brown hare 

Mammal Macropus rufogriseus subsp. 

rufogriseus 

red-necked wallaby 

Mammal Oryctolagus cuniculus subsp. rabbit 

cuniculus 

Mammal Perameles gunnii eastern barred bandicoot 

Mammal Petaurus breviceps subsp. breviceps sugar glider 

Mammal Potorous tridactylus subsp. apicalis long-nosed potoroo 

Mammal Pseudocheirus peregrinus subsp. 

viverrinus 

common ringtail possum 

Mammal Rattus lutreolus swamp rat 

Mammal Sarcophilus harrisii tasmanian devil 

Mammal Tachyglossus aculeatus subsp. 

setosus 

short-beaked echidna 

Mammal Thylacinus cynocephalus Thylacine (historical record) 

Mammal Thylogale billardierii tasmanian pademelon 

Mammal Trichosurus vulpecula subsp. 

fuliginosus 

common brushtail possum 

Mammal Vombatus ursinus subsp. 

wombat 

Tasmaniensis 

Mammal Falsis trellis tasmaniensis Tasmanian pipistrelle 

Mammal Eptesicus vultunus Little Forest Eptesicus 

Mammal Eptesicu sagitulla Large Forest Eptesicus 

Reptile Austrelaps superbus lowland copperhead 

Reptile Egernia whitei Whites skink 

Reptile Niveoscincus metallicus metallic skink 

Reptile Niveoscincus ocellatus ocellated skink 

Reptile Niveoscincus pretiosus Tasmanian tree skink 

Reptile Notechis scutatus Eastern Tiger Snake 

Reptile Tiliqua nigrolutea blotched bluetongue

Biodiversity of Wielangta Forest - Wild Wielangta - Edublogs

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