1. Xtra Edge February 2012 - Career Point

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hydrogen refuelling station has also been set up. India Trade Organisation Promotion ( ITPO) will use the vehicles on an experimental basis. The HyAlfa has been developed under a joint project by the United Nations Industrial Development Organisation ( UNIDO) International Centre for Hydrogen Energy Technologies ( ICHET), Mahindra & Mahindra and IIT-Delhi, with support from the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy. "The aim of this project is to convert vehicles so that they can carry and use hydrogen - a carbon-free fuel - and thus remove all pollutants," Mahindra & Mahindra president (automotive) Pawan Goenka said. He said the vehicle is not yet ready for commercial production and further fine-tuning will be required before moving in that direction. "Moreover, we also have to look at commercial viability of running a hydrogenpowered three-wheeler as the cost of hydrogen will be around Rs 250 per kg, which is not affordable at all," he said. This is a step in the right direction. Finally India Inc. with support from the likes of MNRE etc. is making headway in vehicles driven by alternative energy sources. Jury is still out on whether Hydrogen is the way of the future. Judging by the progress made in the USA and Germany on Hydrogen powered vehicles, we are not quite there yet. There are not only supply chain challenges, but Hydrogen continues to be a costly proposition. You can either produce Hydrogen from hydrocarbon cracking (which in turn has dependence on fossil fuels) or by splitting of water through electrolysis. This itself requires around 5-6 kWh of electricity. So unless the electricity source is a renewable source such as solar or wind, the electricity required to split water itself is most likely to come from thermal power plants, thereby not giving any benefit. However, as everyone knows, human ingenuity knows no bounds and technologies only develop incrementally. I firmly believe that we are one step away from a miracle where both Hydrogen consumption (by means of fuel cells etc.) and Hydrogen generation (by means of hydrocarbon cracking or electrolyzing/splitting water) become viable for mass production and consumption. In the short term, we can and must focus immediately on "Hydrogen supplementation". By this I mean - Hydrogen CNG (or HCNG in short). New Delhi moved to CNG public transport a while back. In the short term, this did bring down the pollution levels and particulate matter in the atmosphere. After prolonged use, we are now becoming aware of other problems such as NOX emissions due to unclean or inefficient burning of CNG. NOX is highly carcinogenic and now the levels of NOX in New Delhi are far exceeding permissible limits of WHO. One way to solve this problem is to supplement CNG with Hydrogen. A blended product called Hythane (trade name for HCNG) is already under experimentation by Indian Oil. In conclusion, while Hydrogen powered vehicles are all a step in the right direction, the government should put impetus on technologies that are more feasible in solving current big-city problems that Indian cities face. IITian tops CAT 2011 CHENNAI: Ajinkya Deshmukh, an IIT - Madras graduate, decided to put in 100% effort into preparing for the Common Admission Test this time, and got 100 percentile in return. He is one of nine MBA aspirants in the country to secure the top score this year. The IIMs published the CAT 2011 scores on their website on Wednesday. On his success, Ajinkya, who wrote the test for the third time this year, said, "I always thought I haven't been making a full effort while preparing or writing the test. This time I was determined to give my best. I told myself that I had to do it this year." Indian American sworn in as America's top science official IIT Madras alumnus, Subra Suresh, has been sworn in as the director of America's National Science Foundation (NSF), the top US science body with a $7.4 billion budget to support scientific institutions. "We are very grateful to have Subra taking this new task," said President Barack Obama at the White House Science after Suresh was sworn in as the 13th NSF director by John Holdren, Obama's science advisor. "He has been at MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology) and has been leading one of the top engineering programmes in the country, and for him now to be able to apply that to the National Science Foundation is just going to be outstanding," he said. "So we're very grateful for your service." Suresh, 54, was confirmed by the US Senate for a six-year term. He has served as dean of the engineering school and as Vannevar Bush Professor of Engineering at MIT. A mechanical engineer, who later became interested in materials science and biology, Suresh has done pioneering work studying the biomechanics of blood cells under the influence of diseases such as malaria. From 2000 to 2006, Suresh served as the head of the MIT Department of Materials Science and Engineering. He joined MIT in 1993 as the R.P. Simmons Professor of Materials Science and Engineering and held joint faculty appointments in the departments of mechanical engineering and biological engineering, as well as the division of health sciences and technology. Suresh holds a bachelor's degree from the Indian Institute of Technology in Madras and a master's degree from Iowa State University. Suresh was nominated by President Obama to become the new NSF director in place of Arden L. Bement Jr, who led the agency from 2004 until he resigned in May this yea XtraEdge for IIT-JEE 4 FEBRUARY 2012
Dr Amitabha Ghosh was the only Asian on NASA's Mars Pathfinder mission. At present, he is a member of the Mars Odyssey Mission and the Mars Exploration Rover Mission. During the Mars Pathfinder Mission, he conducted chemical analysis of rocks and soil on the landing site. The simple and unassuming 34-year-old planetary geologist has won several accolades, which include the NASA Mars Pathfinder Achievement Award in 1997 and the NASA Mars Exploration Rover Achievement Award in 2004. The journey from India to NASA. It has been an intriguing experience. I was keen on geologic research data interpretation and solar system formation. During my geological research days in India, I had slept in railway stations while traveling to various places. After my post graduation in applied geology from IIT Kharagpur, I wrote a letter to a professor at NASA expressing a desire to work at the space agency. I made certain suggestions; in fact, it was a critical letter. In India, you can never imagine criticising your professor. My suggestions were approved, while I got an opportunity to work at NASA. I think one requires luck and to put in sincere effort to achieve one's goals. Being in the right place at the right time is also important. In Mumbai for the Pravasi Bharatiya Divas, he spoke about his work at NASA and his vision for India. The Vision for India : I feel there India has a great future. We have world-class companies. Today, companies like Infosys can be compared with world leaders like Oracle. Like the Information Technology revolution, we can have a science or space revolution. We have the potential to bring about revolutions in other sectors as well. Success Story This article contains stories/interviews of persons who succeed after graduation from different IITs Dr. Amitabha Ghosh • Post graduation in applied geology from IIT Kharagpur, • Working at NASA How India can we develop science and technology sector : It should be treated as a business. There should be more private participation. We must have an external review to evaluate the system and make changes as science and technology can take the country forward. We must check brain drain. About 80,000 students migrate to the US for further studies, and settle there. They find the facilities much better abroad. We need to reverse brain drain by enhancing and upgrading institutes in India. The state of space research in India : I don't want to make controversial statements. All I can say is India is not at the frontier of space research. We have made commendable progress but there is a long way to go. We can do much better. I would be glad to be of help in any way. Investment in research is investment in imagination. It is a matter of national pride and internal recognition. We need to allocate more funds to enhance research and development work. We need good educational institutes like IITs and IIMs, but IITians don't rule the world. You must remember that Microsoft co-founder (Bill Gates does not have a college degree. Youngsters must look around for role models and see what it is that they are doing right. Individuals must make use of their inherent strengths to succeed. How can India become a leading global player : Globalisation will reap huge and long-term benefits and India must make the best use of the opportunities. At the PBD seminar, I found people presenting grandiose plans. Instead, we should look at the realities and immediate solutions. The private sector has to be actively involved in the development of the country and the government has to respond to the needs of the people. Fifteen years ago, we didn't have an Infosys, today we have many global companies. There should be drastic reduction in paper work. We need a scenario where one can start any business in a day, like in the US. Can India have something like NASA: The answer is: Yes, India can. All it requires is the right kind of investment, infrastructure, people and support from the government. XtraEdge for IIT-JEE 5 FEBRUARY 2012
Page 3 and 4: Volume - 7 Issue - 8 February, 2012
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Page 9 and 10: Sol. (i) The capacitor A with diele
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Page 33 and 34: KEY CONCEPT Inorganic Chemistry Fun
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7. NaOH can be prepared by two meth
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(C) X = 100 ml of SO2 at 1 bar, 25
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(D) P A T B (S) Pressure is increas
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(a) temperature and (b) Pressure ?
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should be bought to meet the requir
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This work done is stored inside the
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Use : It can be used to accelerate
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10. (i) (ii) Benzene H CH3 - C = O
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NH3 NH3 NH3 Co +3 NH3 NH3 NH3 No un
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7. f(A) = A 2 - 5A + 7 I2 ⎡ 3 1
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y 2 = - (2 - x) 2 + 9 This is the e
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(0, 4) ( 2 3, 2) (4, 0) ⎡ 2 4 2
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OH (ii) + Br2 Phenol H2O 13. I st M
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OR Let A → total of 8 in first th
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= x 2 ⎡ ⎢ ⎢x ⎢ ⎣ 0 1 2 1
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28. x x y ∴ x → side of square
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1. Xtra Edge February 2012 - Career Point

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