i Parkia biglobosa - School of Forest Resources & Environmental ...

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government acknowledges the disproportionate economic advantages and access to resources across the country. Prior to the 1999 National Land Policy, Ghana had never formalized or implemented a land policy. The aims and objectives of the Land Policy are “the judicious use of the nation’s land and all its natural resources by all sections of the Ghanaian society in support of various socio-economic activities undertaken in accordance with sustainable resource management and maintaining viable ecosystems” (Kasanga and Kotey 2001). In summary, I recognized the survival of P. biglobosa as a resource is not threatened by the presence of soybeans. The danger of overexploitation and depleting a resource often comes from a dismal economic situation and poverty. The social impact assessment study in Nigeria (Sanginga et al 1999) showed that farmers who adopted soybean cultivation improved their material wealth. Diversifying their methods of generating income, farmers will be capable of managing their resources, instead of depleting them. Soybeans present a viable substitute to P. biglobosa in several ways. Soybeans are available throughout the year. The difference in cost relative to zuini is negligible. Soybeans are equally nutritious and beneficial supplement to the local diet. Adopting soybeans as a crop can improve farmers’ level of affluence and material wealth. Generating income and improving material wealth alone cannot ensure the survival of P. biglobosa. Continued education and outreach programs are critical for encouraging sustainable resource management and conservation practices. Enforcing policies against bush burning by local government improve crop yields but may also promote natural regeneration of trees. Promoting agroforestry practices that benefit the farmers and their lands are important. Farmers can derive income from fruit trees or 92
fuelwood trees planted on their land. Farmers can cultivate and manage P. biglobosa and sell the zuini as a cash crop to the larger commercial manufacturers of dawadawa. Planting trees and shrubs reduce wind and rain erosion of the soil. An integrated system of reducing demands on depleting resources and improving beneficial farming practices will be the solution for preserving P. biglobosa. 93
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Parkia biglobosa: CHANGES IN RESOUR
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PREFACE This study was done between
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LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1 - Plasteri
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to th
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the CCFI program. The nursery provi
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local farmers had previously placed
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shipped from West Africa to the Ame
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equired targets for the meat proces
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Figure 2 - Map of Africa (http://ww
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Kandiga, Upper East Region My Peace
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Chapter 3 Study Area This section w
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Within Ghana, there are several eco
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Farming Systems The traditional far
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Food preparation, cooking, eating,
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many years that plagued Sub Saharan
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permission not only from Kandiga’
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landholder must grant permission fo
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announcements and newspaper article
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living among them. The longer I liv
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dawadawa. Often this informal inter
Page 41 and 42: “Which do you prefer the real daw
Page 43 and 44: The information I gathered in Ghana
Page 45 and 46: Common names are African Locust Bea
Page 47 and 48: The compound inflorescence is a rac
Page 49 and 50: observed several baboons in the par
Page 51 and 52: the effect of moisture and nitrogen
Page 53 and 54: Traditional Uses for Parkia biglobo
Page 55 and 56: infections, wounds, and fever the b
Page 57 and 58: compared the nutritional value to o
Page 59 and 60: used as flour to make into porridge
Page 61 and 62: Figure 15 - Nuha nua and pepper pla
Page 63 and 64: Zuini Seeds Boil in water for 14 ho
Page 65 and 66: The process of producing soybean da
Page 67 and 68: Based on my interview with the whol
Page 69 and 70: dawadawa (Campbell-Platt 1980). In
Page 71 and 72: The result of fermentation increase
Page 73 and 74: Natural Regeneration of Parkia bigl
Page 75 and 76: Tree planting and afforestation in
Page 77 and 78: and the first rains, livestock are
Page 79 and 80: History of Soybeans Chapter 6 Soybe
Page 81 and 82: Colonials and missionaries in the 1
Page 83 and 84: Chapter 7 Results and Discussion In
Page 85 and 86: the zuini when the market is brimmi
Page 87 and 88: legumes. This study took place in N
Page 89 and 90: ICRAF 2000, Bakang and Garforth 199
Page 91: them. These farmers recognized, bas
Page 95 and 96: are some of the illness that are tr
Page 97 and 98: may replace P. biglobosa seeds as r
Page 99 and 100: Booth, F.E.M., Wickens, G.E. 1988.
Page 101 and 102: Kotey, N.A. Francois, J., Owusu, J.
Page 103 and 104: Timbilla, J.A., Braimah. H. 1994. A
Page 105 and 106: SOY DAWADAWA (Women Farmers Extensi
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