i Parkia biglobosa - School of Forest Resources & Environmental ...
i Parkia biglobosa - School of Forest Resources & Environmental ... i Parkia biglobosa - School of Forest Resources & Environmental ...
LIST OF TABLES Table 1 – Description of Ecological Zones ……………………………………………17 Table 2 – Means of Acquiring Land ….………………………………………………..25 Table 3 – Medicinal uses from P. biglobosa .………………………………………….48 Table 4 – Average daily consumption of dawadawa..…………………………………61 Table 5 – Physical and microbial changes during fermentation of P. biglobosa………63 Table 6 – Chemical analyses of fermented P. filicoidea ………………………………64 Table 7 – Advantages and disadvantages of non-burning ……………………………..82 vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to thank my advisor, Dr. Blair Orr for his tireless support. In June 1998 I had applied for Peace Corps when I became aware of the Master’s International Program. My decision to come to MTU and pursue my Master’s degree through the Loret Miller Ruppe Peace Corps program was based initially on the effort he showed when I was inquiring about the program. The last four years have been challenging and satisfying and I’d like to thank Dr. Orr for the constant and consistent energy and support I received both here at MTU and overseas in Ghana. I would also like to thank the members of my graduate committee: Dana Richter, Pat Martin, and Curtis Tompkins. I would like to thank Peace Corps Ghana, especially Aba Sey, APCD of Forestry and Environment. She was always smiling and encouraging me and also recognizing my efforts. I would like to thank Vincent Djarbeng, Agroforestry Specialist, and Anthony Mainoo, CCFI Coordinator, of ADRA for their positive attitudes and their excellent examples of working with farmers in Ghana. I would like to thank my friends in Ghana, Arne and Jan Vanderburg, Jeanine Ewert, and all my Peace Corps colleagues who helped me maintain a positive attitude even when things were difficult. I would like to recognize the warmth and spirit of the people of Kandiga. They offered me a home for my two years in Ghana. I feel I learned much more from them and hope I was able to help in a small way by being in Kandiga. I would like to thank Husky TKD. They are a great club that welcomed me when I first came to Houghton and were here with open arms when I returned. They also supported me overseas and TKD provided an entry to the community and people of Bolgatanga, the regional capital 30 km away from my site. Finally, I would like to thank my friends and family who have supported me throughout. They are all wonderful, encouraging, and understanding people who I greatly appreciate. Thank you. 7
- Page 1 and 2: Parkia biglobosa: CHANGES IN RESOUR
- Page 3 and 4: PREFACE This study was done between
- Page 5: LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1 - Plasteri
- Page 9 and 10: the CCFI program. The nursery provi
- Page 11 and 12: local farmers had previously placed
- Page 13 and 14: shipped from West Africa to the Ame
- Page 15 and 16: equired targets for the meat proces
- Page 17 and 18: Figure 2 - Map of Africa (http://ww
- Page 19 and 20: Kandiga, Upper East Region My Peace
- Page 21 and 22: Chapter 3 Study Area This section w
- Page 23 and 24: Within Ghana, there are several eco
- Page 25 and 26: Farming Systems The traditional far
- Page 27 and 28: Food preparation, cooking, eating,
- Page 29 and 30: many years that plagued Sub Saharan
- Page 31 and 32: permission not only from Kandiga’
- Page 33 and 34: landholder must grant permission fo
- Page 35 and 36: announcements and newspaper article
- Page 37 and 38: living among them. The longer I liv
- Page 39 and 40: dawadawa. Often this informal inter
- Page 41 and 42: “Which do you prefer the real daw
- Page 43 and 44: The information I gathered in Ghana
- Page 45 and 46: Common names are African Locust Bea
- Page 47 and 48: The compound inflorescence is a rac
- Page 49 and 50: observed several baboons in the par
- Page 51 and 52: the effect of moisture and nitrogen
- Page 53 and 54: Traditional Uses for Parkia biglobo
- Page 55 and 56: infections, wounds, and fever the b
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS<br />
I would like to thank my advisor, Dr. Blair Orr for his tireless support. In June<br />
1998 I had applied for Peace Corps when I became aware <strong>of</strong> the Master’s International<br />
Program. My decision to come to MTU and pursue my Master’s degree through the<br />
Loret Miller Ruppe Peace Corps program was based initially on the effort he showed<br />
when I was inquiring about the program. The last four years have been challenging and<br />
satisfying and I’d like to thank Dr. Orr for the constant and consistent energy and support<br />
I received both here at MTU and overseas in Ghana. I would also like to thank the<br />
members <strong>of</strong> my graduate committee: Dana Richter, Pat Martin, and Curtis Tompkins.<br />
I would like to thank Peace Corps Ghana, especially Aba Sey, APCD <strong>of</strong> <strong>Forest</strong>ry<br />
and Environment. She was always smiling and encouraging me and also recognizing my<br />
efforts. I would like to thank Vincent Djarbeng, Agr<strong>of</strong>orestry Specialist, and Anthony<br />
Mainoo, CCFI Coordinator, <strong>of</strong> ADRA for their positive attitudes and their excellent<br />
examples <strong>of</strong> working with farmers in Ghana. I would like to thank my friends in Ghana,<br />
Arne and Jan Vanderburg, Jeanine Ewert, and all my Peace Corps colleagues who helped<br />
me maintain a positive attitude even when things were difficult.<br />
I would like to recognize the warmth and spirit <strong>of</strong> the people <strong>of</strong> Kandiga. They<br />
<strong>of</strong>fered me a home for my two years in Ghana. I feel I learned much more from them and<br />
hope I was able to help in a small way by being in Kandiga.<br />
I would like to thank Husky TKD. They are a great club that welcomed me when<br />
I first came to Houghton and were here with open arms when I returned. They also<br />
supported me overseas and TKD provided an entry to the community and people <strong>of</strong><br />
Bolgatanga, the regional capital 30 km away from my site.<br />
Finally, I would like to thank my friends and family who have supported me<br />
throughout. They are all wonderful, encouraging, and understanding people who I<br />
greatly appreciate. Thank you.<br />
7
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