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Working with Older Volunteers in Manual Intergenerational Projects Example 7: Invitation to Wyoming - resolution • Americans and Germans have a different concept of politeness. • An American is usually quicker at being cordial than a German, this also goes for invitations. However, not everything should be taken literally. • What a German might consider exaggerated or interprets as a sign of friendship, may merely be the American’s effort to be friendly and polite. • The American in turn might get the impression that the German’s behaviour is cold and impolite. Opposing principles • orchestration ↔ authenticity Recommended course of action • In cases like these it should be taken into account that certain statements are made to express politeness, because this is the etiquette in certain cultures. By no means should this be noted as a lie. Example 8: Example German-Japanese couple - resolution • In contrast to Germany, Japanese society has a different “concept of person”. A person does not see himself/herself as an individual, but rather, for reasons of socialisation, connects to members of his/her group (mostly family, but frequently also work colleagues). Each one subordinates to the interests of the group. This refers to a form of collective ego, as is the case with married couples. Therefore the husband should also have expressed his gratitude. • In contrast, Germans tend to see themselves as individualists and make a point of deciding for themselves. Self-realisation is an important value factor. • From a German perspective the Japanese might appear too subordinate, Japanese in turn probably think that Germans are selfish and unsocial. Opposing principles • collective ↔ individual thinking Recommended course of action • The behaviour of others should not be hastily evaluated (for instance selfish on the one hand and subordinate on the other), in this respect the opinions often differ drastically. • It is a lot easier to accept the behaviour of others, if the underlying prioritisation is known. Since this concerns strongly internalised values, it also needs to be taken into account that the according behaviour cannot be altered without further ado. Set of Methods 163
TRAMP – Transnational Mobility of Older People in Europe 164 Part II Cards for the pin board: opposing principles • Family ↔ Job • Mixture ↔ Separation of private and work life • Gender difference ↔ Gender equality • Hierarchy ↔ Team orientation • indirect ↔ direct communication • collective ↔ individual way of thinking • polychromic ↔ monochromic understanding of time • Orchestration ↔ Authenticity Further reading Dagmar Kumbier, Friedmann Schulz von Thun, 2006, Interkulturelle Kommunikation: Methoden, Modelle, Beispiele. Reinbek b. Hamburg 2006
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Acknowledgement The text of this pu
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Part II Set of Methods Chapter 1 De
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Foreword At a workshop in Prague, a
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Working with Older Volunteers in Ma
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Products and results • • •
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The objective of the evaluation was
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Four exchanges were conducted withi
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4. Intercultural Learning Working w
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Homepage of the TRAMP database Work
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• • Working with Older Voluntee
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Preface - About this guideline Topi
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Topic language and culture 1. Langu
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7. Domestic Situation Working with
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Manual work as a Means of Education
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Language / Communication Working wi
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Intercultural Learning Working with
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Preface “Methods” There are man
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Methods of Planning Process Plannin
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