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Working with Older Volunteers in Manual Intergenerational Projects Example 4: Missed meetings At an international meeting a work group is formed with members from Germany, Spain and Denmark. During the course of the project the group is supposed to meet three times in different towns. Mr Marquez, a young Spaniard, misses an important project meeting due to the funeral of a distant cousin, and yet another due to the wedding of a grandniece. The other group members are angry at his absence. Example 5: Project with Ukraine Mr Meier from Germany works as a project leader for an international project and, as previously agreed, asks a work group from the Ukraine to assume a certain task. The group spokesman confirms this, but nothing happens. When Mr Meier makes inquiries weeks later he realises that the group hasn’t started the work. He is very annoyed. Example 6: Time schedule for an international group During an international project the participating country groups are requested to assume certain tasks. The German team creates a time schedule for all the other groups. When still nothing is heard from the groups from Italy and Greece a week after the deadline, the Germans are angry and complete the task themselves. A conflict ensues during the next meeting. Example 7: Invitation to Wyoming Through a work colleague, Mr Müller from Munich gets to know an American who is in Germany for two weeks to attend several conferences. During an evening beer together, Mr Müller and Mr Cox discuss everything and anything. On leaving, Mr Cox invites Mr Müller along with his wife and daughter to spend his next holiday with his family in Wyoming, where his daughter would have the opportunity to go riding and the men could go fishing. Mr Müller is very pleased about his new friend and gratefully accepts his offer. When he calls the American a couple of weeks later in order to discuss the holiday details, Mr Cox is very surprised, can hardly recall the evening at the pub and is evasive. Mr Müller is disappointed. Example 8: Example German-Japanese couple Thomas and Keizo have been married for several years and live in Germany. Keizo is Japanese and has to sit a difficult examination soon. Two female colleagues visit her home to help her study. While sitting together, Thomas returns home, greets the visitors in a friendly manner and retreats so he won’t disturb them. Later, as the guests leave, Thomas says goodbye. When the couple is alone again, Keizo is upset and blames Thomas for not having behaved appropriately in the presence of the guests. (Example according to Kumbier / Schulz von Thun 2006). Questions for group sessions • Question 1: What makes the situation difficult, which cultural customs or ways of thinking could be the cause of conflict? • Question 2: How can the situation be alleviated / how can the conflict be resolved? • Question 3: Against your own cultural backgro<strong>und</strong>, what would be the appropriate behaviour in this situation and what ways of thinking lie behind it? Set of Methods 159
<strong>TRAMP</strong> – Transnational Mobility of Older People in Europe 160 Part II Solutions for case studies 1 – 8 (for the coach) Example 1: Job search - resolution • In many cultures it is considered impolite to deny a request or offer, particularly, if these are expressed by more senior or superior individuals. People prefer to agree rather than to object. In other cultures a direct reply is expected. • Reasons for Waldemar’s absence could be due to him being afraid of the interview, or because he didn’t want the job for other reasons. In many cultures private problems can only be discussed with people who are very close, everything else would be impolite. Opposing principles • hierarchy ↔ Team orientation • indirect ↔ direct communication Recommended course of action • If the master joiner identifies the basic problem early enough, he can warn his friend that the young man might not show up for the interview. He could also accompany the youth to the interview. • On the other hand, he should also tell the boy that events like these presuppose an obligation and that absence will entail consequences. Example 2: Hospitality - resolution • Sabine has in mind that Fatma’s family is not well off financially and she doesn’t want to embarrass them with wearing expensive clothing or an opulent meal. She might also want to prevent them from feeling obliged to invite her in return. Furthermore, she is used to demonstrating authentic behaviour, because anything else would seem “exuberant“ or “exaggerated“. • In Fatma’s culture on the other hand it is common to respect guests by serving ample food and wearing good clothes. However, this is considered an obligation that should take place on a mutual basis. Politeness towards guests needs to be expressed explicitly. • In many cultures you need to be repeatedly asked to help yourself, and it is not enough to place food on the table. Furthermore, it could also be the case that guests may not drink alcohol due to their religion. Opposing principles • indirect ↔ direct communication • orchestration ↔ authenticity Recommended course of action In this case, both sides would be advised to gather information on hospitality and table manners prior to the meal. They could also attempt to make these differences subject of an open discussion. • Once it’s clear that hospitality is expressed very differently in different cultures, the behaviour will no longer appear alienating or hurtful.
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Part II Set of Methods Chapter 1 De
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Foreword At a workshop in Prague, a
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Working with Older Volunteers in Ma
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Products and results • • •
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The objective of the evaluation was
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4. Intercultural Learning Working w
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Homepage of the TRAMP database Work
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• • Working with Older Voluntee
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Preface - About this guideline Topi
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Topic language and culture 1. Langu
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7. Domestic Situation Working with
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Manual work as a Means of Education
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Language / Communication Working wi
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Intercultural Learning Working with
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Preface “Methods” There are man
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Page 178 and 179: European exchanges by and for older
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