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Ting-Toomey, S. (1985) 'Toward a Theory of Conflict and Culture', in Gudykunst W B. (ed. ) Communication, Culture, and Organizational Process. Beverly Hills, SAGE, 71-86. Ting-Toomey, S (1988) 'Intercultural Conflict Styles: A Face-Negotiation Theory', in Young Y K, and Gudykunst W B. (eds. ) Theories in Intercultural Communications: Intemational, Intercultural Comunication Annual VoLXII. Newbury Park, SAGE, 213-235. Ting-Toomey, S. (ed. ) (1994) The Challenge of Facework. Cross-Cultural and Interpersonal Issues. New York, State University of New York Press. Ting-Toomey, S., and Atsuko, K (1998) 'Facework Competence in Intercultural Conflict: An Updated Face-Negotiation Theory', International Journal of Intercultural Relations 22,187-225. Ting-Toomey, S., and Cocroft, B. (1994)'Face and Facework: Theoretical and Research Issues', in Ting-Toomey, S. (ed. ), pp. 307-340. Ting-Toomey, S., and Cole, M. (1990) 'Intergroup Diplomatic Communication: A Face-Negotiation Perspective, in Korzenny, F., and Ting-Toomey, S (eds. ) Communicating for Peace: Diplomacy and Negotiation. Newbury Park, SAGE, pp. 77-95. Ting-Toomey, S., Gao, G., Trubisky, P., Yang, 71, Kim, H S., Lin, S., and Nishida, T. (1991)'Culture, Face-Maintenance, and Styles of Handling interpersonal Conflict: A Study in Five Cultures, The International Journal of Conflict Management, Vol. 2, No. 4,275-296. Tracy, K (1990) 'The Many Faces of Facework, in Giles H. and Robinson, W P. (eds. ) Handbook of Language and Social PsycholOgY. John Wiley and Sons, pp. 209-226. Tracey, K, and Baratz, S. (1994) The Case for Case Studies of FaceworW, in Ting-Toomey, S. (ed. ), pp. 287-305. 324
Trubisky, P., Ting-Toomey, S., and Lin, S. (1991) 'The Influence of Individualism- Collectivism and Self-Monitodng on Conflict Styles', International Journal of Intercultural Relations 15,65-84. Tumbull, W., Saxton K L. (1997)'Modal Expressions of Facework in Refusals to Comply with Requests: I Think I Should Say'No' Right Now, Journal of Pragmatics 27,145-181. Turner, V. (1969) The Ritual Process, Ithaca NY, Cornell University Press. Vollmer, H J., and Olshtain, E. (1939) 'The Language of Apologies in German', in Blum-Kulka, S., House, J., and Kasper, G. (eds. ) Cross-Cultural Pfagmatics: Requests and Apologies. Norwood, Ablex, pp. 197-218. Watson, J. (1958)'A Formal Analysis of Sociable Interaction', Sociometry Vol. 21,269-280 Watson, J., and Potter, R. (1962) 'An Analytic Unit for the Study of Interaction', Human Relations Vol. 15,245-263. Watts, R. (1989)'Relevance and Relational Work. Linguistic Politeness as Politic Behavior, Mulitfingua, 8-213: 131-166. Watts, R., Ide, S., and Ehfich, K (eds. ) (1992) Politeness in Language: Studies in its History, Theory and Practice. Bedin, Mouton de Gruyter. Wilson, J. (1987) On the Boundaries of Conversation. Oxford, Pergamon Press. Wilson, S FL, Km, M S., and Meischke, H. (1991)'Evaluating Brown and Levinson's Politeness Theory, A Revised Analysis of Directives and Face', Research on Language and Social Interaction 25,215-252. Wierzbicka, ýk (1985) 'Different Cultures, Different Languages, Different Speech Acts', Joumal of Pragmatics 9,145-178. 325
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Ting-Toomey, S. (1985) 'Toward a Theory <strong>of</strong> Conflict and Culture', in Gudykunst<br />
W B. (ed. ) Communication, Culture, and Organizational Process. Beverly<br />
Hills, SAGE, 71-86.<br />
Ting-Toomey, S (1988) 'Intercultural Conflict Styles: A Face-Negotiation Theory',<br />
in Young Y K, and Gudykunst W B. (eds. ) Theories in Intercultural<br />
Communications: Intemational, Intercultural Comunication Annual VoLXII.<br />
Newbury Park, SAGE, 213-235.<br />
Ting-Toomey, S. (ed. ) (1994) The Challenge <strong>of</strong> Facework. Cross-Cultural and<br />
Interpersonal Issues. New York, State <strong>University</strong> <strong>of</strong> New York Press.<br />
Ting-Toomey, S., and Atsuko, K (1998) 'Facework Competence in<br />
Intercultural Conflict: An Updated Face-Negotiation Theory',<br />
International Journal <strong>of</strong> Intercultural Relations 22,187-225.<br />
Ting-Toomey, S., and Cocr<strong>of</strong>t, B. (1994)'Face and Facework: Theoretical<br />
and Research Issues', in Ting-Toomey, S. (ed. ), pp. 307-340.<br />
Ting-Toomey, S., and Cole, M. (1990) 'Intergroup Diplomatic<br />
Communication: A Face-Negotiation Perspective, in Korzenny, F.,<br />
and Ting-Toomey, S (eds. ) Communicating for Peace: Diplomacy and<br />
Negotiation. Newbury Park, SAGE, pp. 77-95.<br />
Ting-Toomey, S., Gao, G., Trubisky, P., Yang, 71, Kim, H S., Lin, S., and Nishida,<br />
T. (1991)'Culture, Face-Maintenance, and Styles <strong>of</strong> Handling<br />
interpersonal Conflict: A Study in Five Cultures, The International Journal<br />
<strong>of</strong> Conflict Management, Vol. 2, No. 4,275-296.<br />
Tracy, K (1990) 'The Many Faces <strong>of</strong> Facework, in Giles H. and Robinson, W P.<br />
(eds. ) Handbook <strong>of</strong> Language and Social PsycholOgY. John Wiley and<br />
Sons, pp. 209-226.<br />
Tracey, K, and Baratz, S. (1994) The Case for Case Studies <strong>of</strong> FaceworW, in<br />
Ting-Toomey, S. (ed. ), pp. 287-305.<br />
324