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uniquerness, specifically by knowing personally the victim of a serial killer. Both RP&EP and JL attempt to make and have supported such claims on the basis of having some unique relationship with the victim. However, the negative alignment required to ratify these indivuated claims is problematic, as what is being claimed as uniqueness turns out to be a more communal experience. Rather than have these claims ratified and aligned to in a way that signals there uniqueness and allows that particular claimant to continue along a more indivuated trajectoy, both sets of particpants effectively repeatedly proffer without suitable reciprocal alignment. However, again, the particpants manage to travesrese this piotentialy disequilibric moment in a sociable way, by expressing simultaneously adding their own nuances on a common theme. Both these examples demonstrate then how the proferring of individuated claims aligned to in a manner that does not fully ratify or support. Of course, such not ratificatory aligfnments can also be evidenced by the considering German sociable conversation. In German sociable conversation, non-ratification of negative claims also occurs. Due to the German predilection for individuated standpoints though, this is less frequent in objective discussion sequences as by definition, individuated standpoints are required to make such talk happen and are therefore normatively supported. As, for instance, was evidenced in the English-German comparative literature reviewed in Chapter 2, during argumentation sequences, if a German speaker suddenly agrees with a proposition, the speaker who is conceded to (i. e. positively aligned to) may well feel somewhat bemused or even offended (see Kotthoff 1991). In short, when a negative claim is made in German sociable conversation, co-participants are brought under some conversational obligation to support this by negatively aligning to it, as are the recipients of negative narrative claims in English conversation. Instances of non-ratification of an attempt to initiate negative alignment do however occur. The following excerpt provides some evidence of this. l7n
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Excerpt 6.11 'Driving in England' The immediately preceding discussion has been about driving in other cultures. There has been some debate about how easy or difficult this is with varying opinions being proffered. KH turns to EP (whom has been silent to tat point and whom KH knows does have driving licence and lives in England). KH: >Die Elke fährt doch aber auch=wie bist denn Du damit fertiggeworden ( (1.5) EP: Ich bin nur einmal gefahren und dann nie wieder (0.5) KH: Tatsächlich=Ist das so schwierig EP: Nö=aber ich hab keine Lust (2) SH: Ach sie fängt dann schon (1 IB: «LOUD COUGH» KH: Fährst dann noch nichtmal=ne (0.5) EP: Nö: (1.5) >Ich fahre mit=dem Bus< (2) KH: Wegen des Linksverkehrs jetzt (. ) oder weshalb= EP: =NEI::: N=Ich habe einfach keine Lust mit dem Auto [zu fahren KH: [Ach so Excerpt 6.11 Translation 'Driving in England' KH: >But Elke drives as well=how did you cope with that EP: I've only driven once and not again (0.5) KH: Really--is that so difficult 0 EP: No=I just don't feel like it (2) SH: Oh she already begins IB: [((LOUD COUGH)) KH: So you don't even ddve=do you (0.5) EP: No: (1.5) >1 take the bus< (2) KH: Because of the left-hand drive (. ) or what= EP: =NO::: =l just don't feel like [driving KH: [Oh right What happens in this piece of talk is that KH makes repeated attempts to examine EP's reasons or rational for not driving in England, and attempts to initiate some objective discussion which can be assessed for its pros and cons. 171
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Excerpt 6.11 'Driving in England'<br />
The immediately preceding discussion has been about driving in other cultures.<br />
There has been some debate about how easy or difficult this is with varying<br />
opinions being pr<strong>of</strong>fered. KH turns to EP (whom has been silent to tat point and<br />
whom KH knows does have driving licence and lives in England).<br />
KH: >Die Elke fährt doch aber auch=wie bist denn Du damit fertiggeworden (<br />
(1.5)<br />
EP: Ich bin nur einmal gefahren und dann nie wieder<br />
(0.5)<br />
KH: Tatsächlich=Ist das so schwierig<br />
EP: Nö=aber ich hab keine Lust<br />
(2)<br />
SH: Ach sie fängt dann schon (1<br />
IB: «LOUD COUGH»<br />
KH: Fährst dann noch nichtmal=ne<br />
(0.5)<br />
EP: Nö: (1.5) >Ich fahre mit=dem Bus<<br />
(2)<br />
KH: Wegen des Linksverkehrs jetzt (. ) oder weshalb=<br />
EP: =NEI::: N=Ich habe einfach keine Lust mit dem Auto [zu fahren<br />
KH: [Ach so<br />
Excerpt 6.11 Translation 'Driving in England'<br />
KH: >But Elke drives as well=how did you cope with that<br />
EP: I've only driven once and not again<br />
(0.5)<br />
KH: Really--is that so difficult<br />
0<br />
EP: No=I just don't feel like it<br />
(2)<br />
SH: Oh she already begins<br />
IB: [((LOUD COUGH))<br />
KH: So you don't even ddve=do you<br />
(0.5)<br />
EP: No: (1.5) >1 take the bus<<br />
(2)<br />
KH: Because <strong>of</strong> the left-hand drive (. ) or what=<br />
EP: =NO::: =l just don't feel like [driving<br />
KH: [Oh right<br />
What happens in this piece <strong>of</strong> talk is that KH makes repeated attempts to<br />
examine EP's reasons or rational for not driving in England, and attempts to<br />
initiate some objective discussion which can be assessed for its pros and cons.<br />
171
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