SAGA-BOOK - Viking Society Web Publications
SAGA-BOOK - Viking Society Web Publications SAGA-BOOK - Viking Society Web Publications
BOOK REVIEWS A HISTORY OF THE VIKINGS. By GWYN JONES. Oxford University Press, 1968. xvi + 504 pp. £3. In this volume Professor Gwyn Jones has attempted a difficult task, a composite history of the Scandinavian peoples from the earliest times down to A.D. 1070, a date he regards as significant of the virtual end of the Viking period. On the whole his synthesis is remarkably successful. The continental Viking realms, Denmark, Sweden and Norway, are rightly dealt with separately in so far as that is possible, for in their own day it was mainly from a foreign, non-Scandinavian, point of view that they were regarded as identical. Indeed one cannot help but feel, after the spate of books which have recently been published on "Viking" matters, that it might now be worth while, in the immediate future, for scholars to concentrate on separate histories of the constituent countries. Too often conclusions seem to have been drawn from the events and phenomena of one country and applied to all, with the result that real differences are hidden. The book is divided into four main sections. First a survey account, based on mainly legendary material, is given of the Northern peoples down to A.D. 700, and this is followed by a description of the Viking kingdoms to the close of the tenth century with perhaps an inevitable concentration on Denmark and Norway. In the third section, the Viking Movement Overseas, Sweden and Gotland begin to playa greater role, particularly in the review of the part played by the Scandinavians in the Baltic, Russia and Byzantium. The fourth, the Viking Age Ends, deals with the reigns of Svein and Knut, St Olaf and Harald har(Jrdbi. Each of these four sections is given a general introduction in which Professor Jones, avoiding a straightforward historical account, attempts a picture of the culture and achievement of each country at the time. It must, indeed, be admitted that the book rarely reads as a history, except perhaps in the section on the final phase of the Viking age, and such an exception is natural enough, for it is only at this late stage that the sources, particularly from outside Scandinavia, permit any detailed presentation of events in the various countries. For the earlier period the author is dependent mainly on two sources, the doubtful quicksand of legend and semi-fictional saga writing, and the firmer, though not yet fully settled, ground of
Book Reviews 20I archaeological investigation. Professor Jones clearly delights in an old love, the Icelandic Sagas, and obviously finds their better anecdotes irresistible. He is, of course, fully aware of the danger of using them as sources and constantly reminds his reader of the untrustworthiness of their historicity; they remain, however, the very warp and weft of much of his narrative with the result that we are often left with pleasant reading-matter rather than solid history. The dilemma seems unavoidable. I do not, however, wish to suggest that Professor Jones's account is not accurate, but rather that his own pleasure in the less reliable sources adds to his outline of historical facts a delightful, but sometimes less than scholarly, aura. The great virtue of the work is that it is a palatable digest of a great deal of the scholarly work done on Viking history during the last decades, and such a synthesis is both welcome and worth while. The composite picture given can be filled out by reference to the excellent selective bibliography, which acts as a guide through a maze of scholarly papers in many languages. There is, however, one book I should like to see listed there, the late Sigfus Blondal's Vceringja saga (Reykjavik 1954), which makes available the results of much Russian research on Arabic and Greek sources. Another fine tool provided is the full summarising index, which extends over more than fifty pages. In so long a work misprints are refreshingly few; only half a dozen or so have been noticed and none of them is likely to mislead more than momentarily. In sum, therefore, one is bound to say that this is a good and useful book. One would have liked more on the Vikings in Scotland and the Isles and a little more on the Norman offshoot, both in France and the Mediterranean, but many aspects of Viking life are well and adequately dealt with. Professor Jones is to be congratulated on his industry and achievement. A. R. TAYLOR THE PLACE-NAMES OF CHESHIRE. Parts One and Two. By J. McN. DODGSON. English Place-Name Society Volumes XLIV XL V. Cambridge University Press, 1970. xlvi + 338 pp.; x + 329 pp. £4'50 each. These are the first parts of a five-volume edition of the placenames of Cheshire. Part One contains the bibliography, the forest-, territorial, river- and road-names for the whole county,
- Page 155 and 156: On Arons saga Hjorleifssonar 149 Ot
- Page 157 and 158: On Arons saga Hjiirleifssonar lSI c
- Page 159 and 160: On Arons saga Hjiirleifssonar 153 s
- Page 161 and 162: Stronger examples are: On Arons sag
- Page 163 and 164: On Arons saga Hjiirleifssonar 157 A
- Page 165 and 166: On Arons saga Hjorleifssonar 159 em
- Page 167 and 168: On Arons saga Hjiirleifssonar 161 t
- Page 169 and 170: On Arons saga Hjorleifssonar Aron s
- Page 171 and 172: On Arons saga Hjorleifssonar 165 de
- Page 173 and 174: MAGNUS 6LAFSSON'S FRlsSDRApA By ANT
- Page 175 and 176: Frissdrdpa 169 Ingenious and labori
- Page 177: Frissdrdp« Riddara Christians Frys
- Page 181 and 182: 9 Frissdrdpa Kynslod, po yfer pridi
- Page 183 and 184: Frissdrdpa 177 (Construe) (marbryma
- Page 185 and 186: 17 Frlssdrdpa 179 sophos (frerdur y
- Page 187 and 188: Frissdrdpa Sale hann haskola hsest
- Page 189 and 190: Frissdrdpa Hitt fra ec ok und hette
- Page 191 and 192: 28 Frlssdrdpa Intercalaris CHRistia
- Page 193 and 194: 3 2 Frissdrdpa I:>esse hefur pcegre
- Page 195 and 196: Frissdrdp« Gier visse storm styria
- Page 197: Frissdrdpa 191 ordinum. (pui) jdeoq
- Page 200 and 201: 194 Saga-Book of the Viking Society
- Page 202 and 203: 196 Saga-Book of the Viking Society
- Page 204 and 205: 39 Mt·3·2. 40 Mt-4-4· 42 Mt.7·7
- Page 208 and 209: 202 Saga-Book of the Viking Society
- Page 210 and 211: 2°4 Saga-Book of the Viking Societ
- Page 212 and 213: 206 Saga-Book of the Viking Society
- Page 214 and 215: 208 Saga-Book of the Viking Society
- Page 216 and 217: 210 Saga-Book of the Viking Society
- Page 218 and 219: 212 Saga-Book of the Viking Society
- Page 220 and 221: 214 Saga-Book of the Viking Society
- Page 222 and 223: 216 Saga-Book of the Viking Society
- Page 224 and 225: 218 Saga-Book of the Viking Society
- Page 226 and 227: Plate I . Frontispiece, Cold collar
- Page 229 and 230: BEOWULF SWEDES AND GEATS
- Page 231 and 232: CONTENTS LIST OF PLATES AND FIGURES
- Page 233 and 234: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I HAVE received ve
- Page 235 and 236: Introduction: the poem Beowulf FOR
- Page 237 and 238: Beowulf's coming to kingship 231 I
- Page 239 and 240: Beowulf's coming to kingship 233 he
- Page 242 and 243: Beowulf, Swedes and Geats that brin
- Page 244 and 245: Beowulf, Swedes and Geats His name
- Page 246 and 247: Beowulf, Swedes and Geats seems to
- Page 248 and 249: Beowulf, Swedes and Geats Wzegmundi
- Page 250 and 251: 244 Beowulf, Swedes and Geats 'they
- Page 252 and 253: Beowulf, Swedes and Geats passage q
- Page 254 and 255: Beowulf, Swedes and Geats taken as
Book Reviews 20I<br />
archaeological investigation. Professor Jones clearly delights in<br />
an old love, the Icelandic Sagas, and obviously finds their better<br />
anecdotes irresistible. He is, of course, fully aware of the danger<br />
of using them as sources and constantly reminds his reader of the<br />
untrustworthiness of their historicity; they remain, however, the<br />
very warp and weft of much of his narrative with the result that<br />
we are often left with pleasant reading-matter rather than solid<br />
history. The dilemma seems unavoidable. I do not, however,<br />
wish to suggest that Professor Jones's account is not accurate,<br />
but rather that his own pleasure in the less reliable sources adds<br />
to his outline of historical facts a delightful, but sometimes less<br />
than scholarly, aura.<br />
The great virtue of the work is that it is a palatable digest of<br />
a great deal of the scholarly work done on <strong>Viking</strong> history during<br />
the last decades, and such a synthesis is both welcome and worth<br />
while. The composite picture given can be filled out by reference<br />
to the excellent selective bibliography, which acts as a guide<br />
through a maze of scholarly papers in many languages. There is,<br />
however, one book I should like to see listed there, the late Sigfus<br />
Blondal's Vceringja saga (Reykjavik 1954), which makes available<br />
the results of much Russian research on Arabic and Greek<br />
sources. Another fine tool provided is the full summarising<br />
index, which extends over more than fifty pages. In so long a<br />
work misprints are refreshingly few; only half a dozen or so have<br />
been noticed and none of them is likely to mislead more than<br />
momentarily.<br />
In sum, therefore, one is bound to say that this is a good and<br />
useful book. One would have liked more on the <strong>Viking</strong>s in Scotland<br />
and the Isles and a little more on the Norman offshoot, both<br />
in France and the Mediterranean, but many aspects of <strong>Viking</strong> life<br />
are well and adequately dealt with. Professor Jones is to be<br />
congratulated on his industry and achievement.<br />
A. R. TAYLOR<br />
THE PLACE-NAMES OF CHESHIRE. Parts One and Two. By<br />
J. McN. DODGSON. English Place-Name <strong>Society</strong> Volumes XLIV<br />
XL V. Cambridge University Press, 1970. xlvi + 338 pp.;<br />
x + 329 pp. £4'50 each.<br />
These are the first parts of a five-volume edition of the placenames<br />
of Cheshire. Part One contains the bibliography, the<br />
forest-, territorial, river- and road-names for the whole county,