NISTIR 7298 Revision 1, Glossary of Key Information Security Terms

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NIST IR 7298 Revision 1, Glossary of Key Information Security Terms Federal Information Security Management Act (FISMA) – A statute (Title III, P.L. 107-347) that requires agencies to assess risk to information systems and provide information security protections commensurate with the risk. FISMA also requires that agencies integrate information security into their capital planning and enterprise architecture processes, conduct annual information systems security reviews of all programs and systems, and report the results of those reviews to OMB. SOURCE: CNSSI-4009 Federal Information System – An information system used or operated by an executive agency, by a contractor of an executive agency, or by another organization on behalf of an executive agency. SOURCE: SP 800-53; FIPS 200; FIPS 199; 40 U.S.C., Sec. 11331; CNSSI-4009 Federal Information Systems Security Educators’ Association – (FISSEA) Federal Public Key Infrastructure Policy Authority (FPKI PA) – An organization whose members come from federal agencies, industry, and academic institutions devoted to improving the IT security awareness and knowledge within the federal government and its related external workforce. SOURCE: SP 800-16 The Federal PKI Policy Authority is a federal government body responsible for setting, implementing, and administering policy decisions regarding interagency PKI interoperability that uses the FBCA. SOURCE: SP 800-32 File Encryption – The process of encrypting individual files on a storage medium and permitting access to the encrypted data only after proper authentication is provided. SOURCE: SP 800-111 File Infector Virus – A virus that attaches itself to a program file, such as a word processor, spreadsheet application, or game. SOURCE: SP 800-61 File Integrity Checker – Software that generates, stores, and compares message digests for files to detect changes to the files. SOURCE: SP 800-61 File Name Anomaly – 1. A mismatch between the internal file header and its external extension; or 2. A file name inconsistent with the content of the file (e.g., renaming a graphics file with a non-graphical extension. SOURCE: SP 800-72 Pg 76
NIST IR 7298 Revision 1, Glossary of Key Information Security Terms File Protection – Aggregate of processes and procedures designed to inhibit unauthorized access, contamination, elimination, modification, or destruction of a file or any of its contents. SOURCE: CNSSI-4009 File Security – Means by which access to computer files is limited to authorized users only. SOURCE: CNSSI-4009 Fill Device – COMSEC item used to transfer or store key in electronic form or to insert key into a cryptographic equipment. SOURCE: CNSSI-4009 FIPS – See Federal Information Processing Standard. FIPS-Approved Security Method – A security method (e.g., cryptographic algorithm, cryptographic key generation algorithm or key distribution technique, random number generator, authentication technique, or evaluation criteria) that is either a) specified in a FIPS, or b) adopted in a FIPS. SOURCE: FIPS 196 FIPS-Validated Cryptography – A cryptographic module validated by the Cryptographic Module Validation Program (CMVP) to meet requirements specified in FIPS 140-2 (as amended). As a prerequisite to CMVP validation, the cryptographic module is required to employ a cryptographic algorithm implementation that has successfully passed validation testing by the Cryptographic Algorithm Validation Program (CAVP). See NSA-Approved Cryptography. SOURCE: SP 800-53 FIPS PUB – An acronym for Federal Information Processing Standards Publication. FIPS publications (PUB) are issued by NIST after approval by the Secretary of Commerce. SOURCE: SP 800-64 FIREFLY – Key management protocol based on public key cryptography. SOURCE: CNSSI-4009 Firewall – A gateway that limits access between networks in accordance with local security policy. SOURCE: SP 800-32 A hardware/software capability that limits access between networks and/or systems in accordance with a specific security policy. SOURCE: CNSSI-4009 Pg 77
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NISTIR 7298 Revision 1, Glossary of Key Information Security Terms

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