NISTIR 7298 Revision 1, Glossary of Key Information Security Terms

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NIST IR 7298 Revision 1, Glossary of Key Information Security Terms Cryptography – Is categorized as either secret key or public key. Secret key cryptography is based on the use of a single cryptographic key shared between two parties. The same key is used to encrypt and decrypt data. This key is kept secret by the two parties. Public key cryptography is a form of cryptography which makes use of two keys: a public key and a private key. The two keys are related but have the property that, given the public key, it is computationally infeasible to derive the private key [FIPS 140-1]. In a public key cryptosystem, each party has its own public/private key pair. The public key can be known by anyone; the private key is kept secret. SOURCE: FIPS 191 Art or science concerning the principles, means, and methods for rendering plain information unintelligible and for restoring encrypted information to intelligible form. SOURCE: CNSSI-4009 Cryptology – The science that deals with hidden, disguised, or encrypted communications. It includes communications security and communications intelligence. SOURCE: SP 800-60 The mathematical science that deals with cryptanalysis and cryptography. SOURCE: CNSSI-4009 CVE – See Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures. Cyber Attack – An attack, via cyberspace, targeting an enterprise’s use of cyberspace for the purpose of disrupting, disabling, destroying, or maliciously controlling a computing environment/infrastructure; or destroying the integrity of the data or stealing controlled information. SOURCE: CNSSI-4009 Cyber Incident – Actions taken through the use of computer networks that result in an actual or potentially adverse effect on an information system and/or the information residing therein. See incident. SOURCE: CNSSI-4009 Pg 56
NIST IR 7298 Revision 1, Glossary of Key Information Security Terms Cyber Infrastructure – Includes electronic information and communications systems and services and the information contained in these systems and services. Information and communications systems and services are composed of all hardware and software that process, store, and communicate information, or any combination of all of these elements. Processing includes the creation, access, modification, and destruction of information. Storage includes paper, magnetic, electronic, and all other media types. Communications include sharing and distribution of information. For example: computer systems; control systems (e.g., supervisory control and data acquisition–SCADA); networks, such as the Internet; and cyber services (e.g., managed security services) are part of cyber infrastructure. SOURCE: NISTIR 7628 Cybersecurity – The ability to protect or defend the use of cyberspace from cyber attacks. SOURCE: CNSSI-4009 Cyberspace – A global domain within the information environment consisting of the interdependent network of information systems infrastructures including the Internet, telecommunications networks, computer systems, and embedded processors and controllers. SOURCE: CNSSI-4009 Cyclical Redundancy Check – (CRC) A method to ensure data has not been altered after being sent through a communication channel. SOURCE: SP 800-72 Error checking mechanism that verifies data integrity by computing a polynomial algorithm based checksum. SOURCE: CNSSI-4009 Data – A subset of information in an electronic format that allows it to be retrieved or transmitted. SOURCE: CNSSI-4009 Data Aggregation – Compilation of individual data systems and data that could result in the totality of the information being classified, or classified at a higher level, or of beneficial use to an adversary. SOURCE: CNSSI-4009 Pg 57
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NIST IR 7298, Glossary of Key Infor
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NISTIR 7298 Revision 1, Glossary of Key Information Security Terms

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