NISTIR 7298 Revision 1, Glossary of Key Information Security Terms

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NIST IR 7298 Revision 1, Glossary of Key Information Security Terms Clearing – Removal of data from an information system, its storage devices, and other peripheral devices with storage capacity, in such a way that the data may not be reconstructed using common system capabilities (i.e., through the keyboard); however, the data may be reconstructed using laboratory methods. SOURCE: CNSSI-4009 Client – Individual or process acting on behalf of an individual who makes requests of a guard or dedicated server. The client’s requests to the guard or dedicated server can involve data transfer to, from, or through the guard or dedicated server. SOURCE: CNSSI-4009 Client (Application) – A system entity, usually a computer process acting on behalf of a human user, that makes use of a service provided by a server. SOURCE: SP 800-32 Clinger-Cohen Act of 1996 – Also known as Information Technology Management Reform Act. A statute that substantially revised the way that IT resources are managed and procured, including a requirement that each agency design and implement a process for maximizing the value and assessing and managing the risks of IT investments. SOURCE: SP 800-64 Closed Security Environment – Environment providing sufficient assurance that applications and equipment are protected against the introduction of malicious logic during an information system life cycle. Closed security is based upon a system's developers, operators, and maintenance personnel having sufficient clearances, authorization, and configuration control. SOURCE: CNSSI-4009 Closed Storage – Storage of classified information within an accredited facility, in General Services Administration-approved secure containers, while the facility is unoccupied by authorized personnel. SOURCE: CNSSI-4009 Pg 34
NIST IR 7298 Revision 1, Glossary of Key Information Security Terms Cloud Computing – A model for enabling on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable IT capabilities/ resources (e.g., networks, servers, storage, applications, and services) that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service provider interaction. It allows users to access technology-based services from the network cloud without knowledge of, expertise with, or control over the technology infrastructure that supports them. This cloud model is composed of five essential characteristics (on-demand selfservice, ubiquitous network access, location independent resource pooling, rapid elasticity, and measured service); three service delivery models (Cloud Software as a Service [SaaS], Cloud Platform as a Service [PaaS], and Cloud Infrastructure as a Service [IaaS]); and four models for enterprise access (Private cloud, Community cloud, Public cloud, and Hybrid cloud). Note: Both the user's data and essential security services may reside in and be managed within the network cloud. SOURCE: CNSSI-4009 Code – System of communication in which arbitrary groups of letters, numbers, or symbols represent units of plain text of varying length. SOURCE: CNSSI-4009 Code Book – Document containing plain text and code equivalents in a systematic arrangement, or a technique of machine encryption using a word substitution technique. SOURCE: CNSSI-4009 Code Group – Group of letters, numbers, or both in a code system used to represent a plain text word, phrase, or sentence. SOURCE: CNSSI-4009 Code Vocabulary – Set of plain text words, numerals, phrases, or sentences for which code equivalents are assigned in a code system. SOURCE: CNSSI-4009 Cold Site – Backup site that can be up and operational in a relatively short time span, such as a day or two. Provision of services, such as telephone lines and power, is taken care of, and the basic office furniture might be in place, but there is unlikely to be any computer equipment, even though the building might well have a network infrastructure and a room ready to act as a server room. In most cases, cold sites provide the physical location and basic services. SOURCE: CNSSI-4009 Pg 35
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NIST IR 7298, Glossary of Key Infor
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