NISTIR 7298 Revision 1, Glossary of Key Information Security Terms

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NIST IR 7298 Revision 1, Glossary of Key Information Security Terms Valid Data Element – A payload, an associated data string, or a nonce that satisfies the restrictions of the formatting function. SOURCE: SP 800-38C Validation – The process of demonstrating that the system under consideration meets in all respects the specification of that system. SOURCE: FIPS 201 Confirmation (through the provision of strong, sound, objective evidence) that requirements for a specific intended use or application have been fulfilled (e.g., a trustworthy credential has been presented, or data or information has been formatted in accordance with a defined set of rules, or a specific process has demonstrated that an entity under consideration meets, in all respects, its defined attributes or requirements). SOURCE: CNSSI-4009 Variant – One of two or more code symbols having the same plain text equivalent. SOURCE: CNSSI-4009 Verification – Confirmation, through the provision of objective evidence, that specified requirements have been fulfilled (e.g., an entity’s requirements have been correctly defined, or an entity’s attributes have been correctly presented; or a procedure or function performs as intended and leads to the expected outcome). SOURCE: CNSSI-4009 See Also Identity Verification. Verified Name – A subscriber name that has been verified by identity proofing. SOURCE: SP 800-63 Verifier – An entity that verifies the claimant’s identity by verifying the claimant’s possession of a token using an authentication protocol. To do this, the verifier may also need to validate credentials that link the token and identity and check their status. SOURCE: SP 800-63 Verifier – An entity which is or represents the entity requiring an authenticated identity. A verifier includes the functions necessary for engaging in authentication exchanges. SOURCE: FIPS 196 Pg 204
NIST IR 7298 Revision 1, Glossary of Key Information Security Terms Verifier Impersonation Attack – An attack where the attacker impersonates the verifier in an authentication protocol, usually to learn a password. SOURCE: SP 800-63 Victim – A machine that is attacked. SOURCE: SP 800-61 Virtual Machine (VM) – Software that allows a single host to run one or more guest operating systems. SOURCE: SP 800-115 Virtual Private Network (VPN) – A virtual network, built on top of existing physical networks, that provides a secure communications tunnel for data and other information transmitted between networks. SOURCE: SP 800-46 Protected information system link utilizing tunneling, security controls (see Information Assurance), and endpoint address translation giving the impression of a dedicated line SOURCE: CNSSI-4009 Virus – A self-replicating program that runs and spreads by modifying other programs or files. SOURCE: SP 800-61 A computer program that can copy itself and infect a computer without permission or knowledge of the user. A virus might corrupt or delete data on a computer, use email programs to spread itself to other computers, or even erase everything on a hard disk. SOURCE: CNSSI-4009 Virus Hoax – An urgent warning message about a nonexistent virus. SOURCE: SP 800-61 Vulnerability – Weakness in an information system, system security procedures, internal controls, or implementation that could be exploited or triggered by a threat source. SOURCE: SP 800-53; SP 800-53A; SP 800-37; SP 800-60; SP 800- 115; FIPS 200 A weakness in a system, application, or network that is subject to exploitation or misuse. SOURCE: SP 800-61 Pg 205
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NISTIR 7298 Revision 1, Glossary of Key Information Security Terms

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