NISTIR 7298 Revision 1, Glossary of Key Information Security Terms

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NIST IR 7298 Revision 1, Glossary of Key Information Security Terms Unauthorized Access – A person gains logical or physical access without permission to a network, system, application, data, or other IT resource. SOURCE: SP 800-61 Unauthorized Access – Occurs when a user, legitimate or unauthorized, accesses a resource that the user is not permitted to use. SOURCE: FIPS 191 Any access that violates the stated security policy. SOURCE: CNSSI-4009 Unauthorized Disclosure – An event involving the exposure of information to entities not authorized access to the information. SOURCE: SP 800-57; CNSSI-4009 Unsigned data – Data included in an authentication token, in addition to a digital signature. SOURCE: FIPS 196 Unclassified – Information that has not been determined pursuant to E.O. 12958, as amended, or any predecessor order, to require protection against unauthorized disclosure and that is not designated as classified. SOURCE: CNSSI-4009 Untrusted Process – Process that has not been evaluated or examined for correctness and adherence to the security policy. It may include incorrect or malicious code that attempts to circumvent the security mechanisms. SOURCE: CNSSI-4009 Update (a Certificate) – The act or process by which data items bound in an existing public key certificate, especially authorizations granted to the subject, are changed by issuing a new certificate. SOURCE: SP 800-32; CNSSI-4009 Update (key) – Automatic or manual cryptographic process that irreversibly modifies the state of a COMSEC key. SOURCE: CNSSI-4009 US-CERT – A partnership between the Department of Homeland Security and the public and private sectors, established to protect the nation's Internet infrastructure. US-CERT coordinates defense against and responses to cyber attacks across the nation. SOURCE: CNSSI-4009 Pg 202
NIST IR 7298 Revision 1, Glossary of Key Information Security Terms User – Individual or (system) process authorized to access an information system. SOURCE: FIPS 200 Individual, or (system) process acting on behalf of an individual, authorized to access an information system. SOURCE: SP 800-53; SP 800-18; CNSSI-4009 User – An individual or a process (subject) acting on behalf of the individual that accesses a cryptographic module in order to obtain cryptographic services. SOURCE: FIPS 140-2 User ID – Unique symbol or character string used by an information system to identify a specific user. SOURCE: CNSSI-4009 User Initialization – A function in the life cycle of keying material; the process whereby a user initializes its cryptographic application (e.g., installing and initializing software and hardware). SOURCE: SP 800-57 User Partnership Program (UPP) – Partnership between the NSA and a U.S. government agency to facilitate development of secure information system equipment incorporating NSA-approved cryptography. The result of this program is the authorization of the product or system to safeguard national security information in the user’s specific application. SOURCE: CNSSI-4009 User Registration – A function in the life cycle of keying material; a process whereby an entity becomes a member of a security domain. SOURCE: SP 800-57 User Representative (COMSEC) – Individual authorized by an organization to order COMSEC keying material and interface with the keying system, provide information to key users, and ensure the correct type of key is ordered. SOURCE: CNSSI-4009 User Representative (Risk Management) – The person that defines the system’s operational and functional requirements, and who is responsible for ensuring that user operational interests are met throughout the systems authorization process. SOURCE: CNSSI-4009 Pg 203
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NISTIR 7298 Revision 1, Glossary of Key Information Security Terms

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