NISTIR 7298 Revision 1, Glossary of Key Information Security Terms

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NIST IR 7298 Revision 1, Glossary of Key Information Security Terms Software Assurance – Level of confidence that software is free from vulnerabilities, either intentionally designed into the software or accidentally inserted at anytime during its life cycle, and that the software functions in the intended manner. SOURCE: CNSSI-4009 Software System Test and Evaluation Process – Process that plans, develops, and documents the qualitative/quantitative demonstration of the fulfillment of all baseline functional performance, operational, and interface requirements. SOURCE: CNSSI-4009 Software-Based Fault Isolation – A method of isolating application modules into distinct fault domains enforced by software. The technique allows untrusted programs written in an unsafe language, such as C, to be executed safely within the single virtual address space of an application. Untrusted machine interpretable code modules are transformed so that all memory accesses are confined to code and data segments within their fault domain. Access to system resources can also be controlled through a unique identifier associated with each domain. SOURCE: SP 800-19 Spam – The abuse of electronic messaging systems to indiscriminately send unsolicited bulk messages. SOURCE: SP 800-53 Unsolicited bulk commercial email messages. SOURCE: SP 800-45 Electronic junk mail or the abuse of electronic messaging systems to indiscriminately send unsolicited bulk messages. SOURCE: CNSSI-4009 Spam Filtering Software – A program that analyzes emails to look for characteristics of spam, and typically places messages that appear to be spam in a separate email folder. SOURCE: SP 800-69 Special Access Program (SAP) – A program established for a specific class of classified information that imposes safeguarding and access requirements that exceed those normally required for information at the same classification level. SOURCE: SP 800-53; CNSSI-4009 Special Access Program Facility – (SAPF) Facility formally accredited by an appropriate agency in accordance with DCID 6/9 in which SAP information may be processed. SOURCE: CNSSI-4009 Pg 180
NIST IR 7298 Revision 1, Glossary of Key Information Security Terms Special Character – Any non-alphanumeric character that can be rendered on a standard American-English keyboard. Use of a specific special character may be application-dependent. The list of special characters follows: ` ~ ! @ # $ % ^ & * ( ) _ + | } { “ : ? > < [ ] \ ; ’ , . / - = SOURCE: CNSSI-4009 Specification – An assessment object that includes document-based artifacts (e.g., policies, procedures, plans, system security requirements, functional specifications, and architectural designs) associated with an information system. SOURCE: SP 800-53A Spillage – Security incident that results in the transfer of classified or CUI information onto an information system not accredited (i.e., authorized) for the appropriate security level. SOURCE: CNSSI-4009 Split Knowledge – A procedure by which a cryptographic key is split into n multiple key components, individually providing no knowledge of the original key, which can be subsequently combined to recreate the original cryptographic key SOURCE: SP 800-57 Split Knowledge – A process by which a cryptographic key is split into multiple key components, individually sharing no knowledge of the original key, that can be subsequently input into, or output from, a cryptographic module by separate entities and combined to recreate the original cryptographic key. SOURCE: FIPS 140-2 1. Separation of data or information into two or more parts, each part constantly kept under control of separate authorized individuals or teams so that no one individual or team will know the whole data. 2. A process by which a cryptographic key is split into multiple key components, individually sharing no knowledge of the original key, which can be subsequently input into, or output from, a cryptographic module by separate entities and combined to recreate the original cryptographic key. SOURCE: CNSSI-4009 Spoofing – “IP spoofing” refers to sending a network packet that appears to come from a source other than its actual source. SOURCE: SP 800-48 Pg 181
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NISTIR 7298 Revision 1, Glossary of Key Information Security Terms

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