NISTIR 7298 Revision 1, Glossary of Key Information Security Terms

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NIST IR 7298 Revision 1, Glossary of Key Information Security Terms Short Title – Identifying combination of letters and numbers assigned to certain COMSEC materials to facilitate handling, accounting, and controlling. SOURCE: CNSSI-4009 Signature – A recognizable, distinguishing pattern associated with an attack, such as a binary string in a virus or a particular set of keystrokes used to gain unauthorized access to a system. SOURCE: SP 800-61 A recognizable, distinguishing pattern. See also attack signature or digital signature. SOURCE: CNSSI-4009 Signature Certificate – A public key certificate that contains a public key intended for verifying digital signatures rather than encrypting data or performing any other cryptographic functions. SOURCE: SP 800-32; CNSSI-4009 Signature Generation – Uses a digital signature algorithm and a private key to generate a digital signature on data. SOURCE: SP 800-57 The process of using a digital signature algorithm and a private key to generate a digital signature on data. SOURCE: FIPS 186 Signature Validation – The (mathematical) verification of the digital signature and obtaining the appropriate assurances (e.g., public key validity, private key possession, etc.). SOURCE: FIPS 186 Signature Verification – Uses a digital signature algorithm and a public key to verify a digital signature. SOURCE: SP 800-57 The process of using a digital signature algorithm and a public key to verify a digital signature on data. SOURCE: SP 800-89; FIPS 186 Signed Data – Data on which a digital signature is generated. SOURCE: FIPS 196 Pg 178
NIST IR 7298 Revision 1, Glossary of Key Information Security Terms Single Point Keying – Means of distributing key to multiple, local crypto equipment or devices from a single fill point. SOURCE: CNSSI-4009 Single-Hop Problem – The security risks resulting from a mobile software agent moving from its home platform to another platform. SOURCE: SP 800-19 Situational Awareness – Within a volume of time and space, the perception of an enterprise’s security posture and its threat environment; the comprehension/meaning of both taken together (risk); and the projection of their status into the near future. SOURCE: CNSSI-4009 Skimming – The unauthorized use of a reader to read tags without the authorization or knowledge of the tag’s owner or the individual in possession of the tag. SOURCE: SP 800-98 Smart Card – A credit card-sized card with embedded integrated circuits that can store, process, and communicate information. SOURCE: CNSSI-4009 Sniffer – See Packet Sniffer or Passive Wiretapping. Social Engineering – An attempt to trick someone into revealing information (e.g., a password) that can be used to attack systems or networks. SOURCE: SP 800-61 A general term for attackers trying to trick people into revealing sensitive information or performing certain actions, such as downloading and executing files that appear to be benign but are actually malicious. SOURCE: SP 800-114 The process of attempting to trick someone into revealing information (e.g., a password). SOURCE: SP 800-115 An attempt to trick someone into revealing information (e.g., a password) that can be used to attack an enterprise. SOURCE: CNSSI-4009 Software – Computer programs and associated data that may be dynamically written or modified during execution. SOURCE: CNSSI-4009 Pg 179
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NISTIR 7298 Revision 1, Glossary of Key Information Security Terms

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