NISTIR 7298 Revision 1, Glossary of Key Information Security Terms

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NIST IR 7298 Revision 1, Glossary of Key Information Security Terms Protective Technologies – Special tamper-evident features and materials employed for the purpose of detecting tampering and deterring attempts to compromise, modify, penetrate, extract, or substitute information processing equipment and keying material. SOURCE: CNSSI-4009 Protocol – Set of rules and formats, semantic and syntactic, permitting information systems to exchange information. SOURCE: CNSSI-4009 Protocol Data Unit – A unit of data specified in a protocol and consisting of protocol information and, possibly, user data. SOURCE: FIPS 188 Protocol Entity – Entity that follows a set of rules and formats (semantic and syntactic) that determines the communication behavior of other entities. SOURCE: FIPS 188 Protocol Run – An instance of the exchange of messages between a claimant and a verifier in a defined authentication protocol that results in the authentication (or authentication failure) of the claimant. SOURCE: SP 800-63 Proxy – A proxy is an application that “breaks” the connection between client and server. The proxy accepts certain types of traffic entering or leaving a network and processes it and forwards it. This effectively closes the straight path between the internal and external networks making it more difficult for an attacker to obtain internal addresses and other details of the organization’s internal network. Proxy servers are available for common Internet services; for example, a Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP) proxy used for Web access, and a Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) proxy used for email. SOURCE: SP 800-44 An application that “breaks” the connection between client and server. The proxy accepts certain types of traffic entering or leaving a network and processes it and forwards it. Note: This effectively closes the straight path between the internal and external networks, making it more difficult for an attacker to obtain internal addresses and other details of the organization’s internal network. Proxy servers are available for common Internet services; for example, a Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP) proxy used for Web access, and a Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) proxy used for email. SOURCE: CNSSI-4009 Pg 146
NIST IR 7298 Revision 1, Glossary of Key Information Security Terms Proxy Agent – A software application running on a firewall or on a dedicated proxy server that is capable of filtering a protocol and routing it between the interfaces of the device. SOURCE: CNSSI-4009 Proxy Server – A server that services the requests of its clients by forwarding those requests to other servers. SOURCE: CNSSI-4009 Pseudorandom number generator – (PRNG) An algorithm that produces a sequence of bits that are uniquely determined from an initial value called a seed. The output of the PRNG “appears” to be random, i.e., the output is statistically indistinguishable from random values. A cryptographic PRNG has the additional property that the output is unpredictable, given that the seed is not known. SOURCE: SP 800-57; CNSSI-4009 Pseudonym – A subscriber name that has been chosen by the subscriber that is not verified as meaningful by identity proofing. SOURCE: SP 800-63 1. A subscriber name that has been chosen by the subscriber that is not verified as meaningful by identity proofing. 2. An assigned identity that is used to protect an individual’s true identity. SOURCE: CNSSI-4009 Public Domain Software – Software not protected by copyright laws of any nation that may be freely used without permission of, or payment to, the creator, and that carries no warranties from, or liabilities to the creator. SOURCE: CNSSI-4009 Public Key – The public part of an asymmetric key pair that is typically used to verify signatures or encrypt data. SOURCE: FIPS 201; SP 800-63 Pg 147
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NIST IR 7298, Glossary of Key Infor
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