NISTIR 7298 Revision 1, Glossary of Key Information Security Terms

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NIST IR 7298 Revision 1, Glossary of Key Information Security Terms Passive Attack – An attack against an authentication protocol where the attacker intercepts data traveling along the network between the claimant and verifier, but does not alter the data (i.e., eavesdropping). SOURCE: SP 800-63 An attack that does not alter systems or data. SOURCE: CNSSI-4009 Passive Security Testing – Security testing that does not involve any direct interaction with the targets, such as sending packets to a target. SOURCE: SP 800-115 Passive Wiretapping – The monitoring or recording of data while it is being transmitted over a communications link, without altering or affecting the data. SOURCE: CNSSI-4009 Password – A secret that a claimant memorizes and uses to authenticate his or her identity. Passwords are typically character strings. SOURCE: SP 800-63 Password – A protected character string used to authenticate the identity of a computer system user or to authorize access to system resources. SOURCE: FIPS 181 Password – A string of characters (letters, numbers, and other symbols) used to authenticate an identity or to verify access authorization. SOURCE: FIPS 140-2 A protected/private string of letters, numbers, and/or special characters used to authenticate an identity or to authorize access to data. SOURCE: CNSSI-4009 Password Cracking – The process of recovering secret passwords stored in a computer system or transmitted over a network. SOURCE: SP 800-115 Password Protected – The ability to protect a file using a password access control, protecting the data contents from being viewed with the appropriate viewer unless the proper password is entered. SOURCE: SP 800-72 The ability to protect the contents of a file or device from being accessed until the correct password is entered. SOURCE: SP 800-124 Pg 134
NIST IR 7298 Revision 1, Glossary of Key Information Security Terms Patch – An update to an operating system, application, or other software issued specifically to correct particular problems with the software. SOURCE: SP 800-123 Patch Management – The systematic notification, identification, deployment, installation, and verification of operating system and application software code revisions. These revisions are known as patches, hot fixes, and service packs. SOURCE: CNSSI-4009 Path Histories – Maintaining an authenticatable record of the prior platforms visited by a mobile software agent, so that a newly visited platform can determine whether to process the agent and what resource constraints to apply. SOURCE: SP 800-19 Payload – The input data to the CCM generation-encryption process that is both authenticated and encrypted. SOURCE: SP 800-38C Peer Entity Authentication – The process of verifying that a peer entity in an association is as claimed. SOURCE: CNSSI-4009 Penetration – See Intrusion. Penetration Testing – A test methodology in which assessors, using all available documentation (e.g., system design, source code, manuals) and working under specific constraints, attempt to circumvent the security features of an information system. SOURCE: SP 800-53A A test methodology in which assessors, typically working under specific constraints, attempt to circumvent or defeat the security features of an information system. SOURCE: SP 800-53; CNSSI-4009 Security testing in which evaluators mimic real-world attacks in an attempt to identify ways to circumvent the security features of an application, system, or network. Penetration testing often involves issuing real attacks on real systems and data, using the same tools and techniques used by actual attackers. Most penetration tests involve looking for combinations of vulnerabilities on a single system or multiple systems that can be used to gain more access than could be achieved through a single vulnerability. SOURCE: SP 800-115 Pg 135
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NIST IR 7298, Glossary of Key Infor
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NISTIR 7298 Revision 1, Glossary of Key Information Security Terms

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