NISTIR 7298 Revision 1, Glossary of Key Information Security Terms

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NIST IR 7298 Revision 1, Glossary of Key Information Security Terms Mechanisms – An assessment object that includes specific protection-related items (e.g., hardware, software, or firmware) employed within or at the boundary of an information system. SOURCE: SP 800-53A Media – Physical devices or writing surfaces including but not limited to magnetic tapes, optical disks, magnetic disks, Large Scale Integration (LSI) memory chips, and printouts (but not including display media) onto which information is recorded, stored, or printed within an information system. SOURCE: FIPS 200; SP 800-53; CNSSI-4009 Media Sanitization – A general term referring to the actions taken to render data written on media unrecoverable by both ordinary and extraordinary means. SOURCE: SP 800-88 Memorandum of Understanding/Agreement – (MOU/A) The actions taken to render data written on media unrecoverable by both ordinary and extraordinary means. SOURCE: CNSSI-4009 A document established between two or more parties to define their respective responsibilities in accomplishing a particular goal or mission. In this guide, an MOU/A defines the responsibilities of two or more organizations in establishing, operating, and securing a system interconnection. SOURCE: SP 800-47 A document established between two or more parties to define their respective responsibilities in accomplishing a particular goal or mission, e.g., establishing, operating, and securing a system interconnection. SOURCE: CNSSI-4009 Memory Scavenging – The collection of residual information from data storage. SOURCE: CNSSI-4009 Message Authentication Code – (MAC) Message Authentication Code – (MAC) A cryptographic checksum on data that uses a symmetric key to detect both accidental and intentional modifications of the data. SOURCE: SP 800-63; FIPS 201 A cryptographic checksum that results from passing data through a message authentication algorithm. SOURCE: FIPS 198 Pg 118
NIST IR 7298 Revision 1, Glossary of Key Information Security Terms 1. See Checksum. 2. A specific ANSI standard for a checksum. SOURCE: CNSSI-4009 Message Digest – A cryptographic checksum, typically generated for a file that can be used to detect changes to the file; Secure Hash Algorithm-1 (SHA-1) is an example of a message digest algorithm. SOURCE: SP 800-61 The result of applying a cryptographic hash function to a message. SOURCE: SP 800-107 A digital signature that uniquely identifies data and has the property that changing a single bit in the data will cause a completely different message digest to be generated. SOURCE: SP 800-92 A cryptographic checksum, typically generated for a file that can be used to detect changes to the file. Synonymous with hash value/result. SOURCE: CNSSI-4009 Message Externals – Information outside of the message text, such as the header, trailer, etc. SOURCE: CNSSI-4009 Message Indicator – Sequence of bits transmitted over a communications system for synchronizing cryptographic equipment. SOURCE: CNSSI-4009 Metrics – Tools designed to facilitate decisionmaking and improve performance and accountability through collection, analysis, and reporting of relevant performance-related data. SOURCE: SP 800-55 MIME – See Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions. Mimicking – See Spoofing. Min-Entropy – A measure of the difficulty that an attacker has to guess the most commonly chosen password used in a system. SOURCE: SP 800-63 Minimalist Cryptography – Cryptography that can be implemented on devices with very limited memory and computing capabilities, such as RFID tags. SOURCE: SP 800-98 Pg 119
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NISTIR 7298 Revision 1, Glossary of Key Information Security Terms

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