Damage formation and annealing studies of low energy ion implants ...

Damage formation and annealing studies of low energy ion implants ... Damage formation and annealing studies of low energy ion implants ...

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6.30b). TRIM calculations show the maximum range of the implant and recoil interstitials during a 3 keV As implant does not extend beyond a depth of approximately 20 nm. Therefore any damage from the implant should be well away from the buried oxide interface. MEIS results for the 3 keV As samples showed no significant differences between the bulk, 60 nm and 100 nm SOI samples, (Figure 6.24). Combined with the TRIM results this would lead to the conclusion that when the damage is well away from the BOX and there is a continuous crystalline seed layer the SOI regrowth proceeds in the same fashion as bulk Si, as also seen in (26). a) b) TRIM (A.U.) 1 0.1 0.01 1E-3 1E-4 3keV As TRIM profiles 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 Depth (Ang) As ions Si vacancies Si interstitials Red – As ions Blue – Si Interstitials Green – O interstitials Figure 6.30 a) TRIM results for a 3 keV As implant into Si including vacancy and interstitial profiles. b) Pictorial representation of the TRIM calculation. Results of TRIM calculations for a 40 keV Xe implant are shown in Figure 6.31, likewise the Xe profile and interstitial and vacancy profiles are plotted in Figure 6.31a) 167

and the 2D picture in Figure 6.31b). It is clear that for the case of 60 nm SOI some Xe and energetic interstitials will reach the BOX. a) b) TRIM A.U. 1 0.1 0.01 40 keV Xe TRIM profiles Amorphous thickness Xe ions Si vacancies Si interstitials 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 Depth / Ang BOX interface Figure 6.31 a) TRIM results for a 40 keV Xe implant, together with the Si vacancy and interstitial depth profiles. b) Pictorial representation of the calculation. TRIM results suggest that for the 88 nm and 100 nm SOI wafers the recoiled interstitials will not reach the BOX, but could be within ~ 20 nm. However interstitials produced in the collision cascade are mobile at room temperature and may migrate to and be trapped at the interface, as seen at the surface (14, chapter 5). Excess interstitials at the end of the range of the implant will have a higher chance to be trapped at the BOX than at the surface. The following model is tentatively put forward. The model assumes that due to the capture of interstitials from the cascade dendrites extending from the main collision cascade envelope towards the SOI interface may be captured in aggregates at the BOX interface. It also assumes that the dendrite region means the amorphous / crystal interface makes the surface form a less than perfect seed for the SPER. Hence locally at these dendrites SPER is retarded and the regrowth interface instead of being flat as in 168 1E-3 1E-4 1E-5 TRIM A.U. Xe (A.U.)

6.30b). TRIM calculat<strong>ion</strong>s show the maximum range <strong>of</strong> the implant <strong>and</strong> recoil<br />

interstitials during a 3 keV As implant does not extend beyond a depth <strong>of</strong> approximately<br />

20 nm. Therefore any damage from the implant should be well away from the buried<br />

oxide interface. MEIS results for the 3 keV As samples showed no significant<br />

differences between the bulk, 60 nm <strong>and</strong> 100 nm SOI samples, (Figure 6.24). Combined<br />

with the TRIM results this would lead to the conclus<strong>ion</strong> that when the damage is well<br />

away from the BOX <strong>and</strong> there is a continuous crystalline seed layer the SOI regrowth<br />

proceeds in the same fash<strong>ion</strong> as bulk Si, as also seen in (26).<br />

a)<br />

b)<br />

TRIM (A.U.)<br />

1<br />

0.1<br />

0.01<br />

1E-3<br />

1E-4<br />

3keV As TRIM pr<strong>of</strong>iles<br />

0 50 100 150 200 250 300<br />

Depth (Ang)<br />

As <strong>ion</strong>s<br />

Si vacancies<br />

Si interstitials<br />

Red – As <strong>ion</strong>s<br />

Blue – Si Interstitials<br />

Green – O interstitials<br />

Figure 6.30 a) TRIM results for a 3 keV As implant into Si<br />

including vacancy <strong>and</strong> interstitial pr<strong>of</strong>iles. b) Pictorial<br />

representat<strong>ion</strong> <strong>of</strong> the TRIM calculat<strong>ion</strong>.<br />

Results <strong>of</strong> TRIM calculat<strong>ion</strong>s for a 40 keV Xe implant are shown in Figure 6.31,<br />

likewise the Xe pr<strong>of</strong>ile <strong>and</strong> interstitial <strong>and</strong> vacancy pr<strong>of</strong>iles are plotted in Figure 6.31a)<br />

167

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