AFTER VIOLENCE: 3R, RECONSTRUCTION, RECONCILIATION ...

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probably as old as war; the frequent mention in reports these years is also due to the recent rise of feminism. The right hand column is, however, far from trivial. Nature: one thing is damage to the eco-system and eco- deterioration; another is reinforcement of the general cultural code of Herrschaft over nature, also a part of the rape syndrome. Countless millions watch on TV not only people killed and wounded but also nature destroyed, poisoned, going up in flames. The war is legitimated. The damage may be deplored, not the legitimation. Most damaging is the use of ABC-weapons, capable of also wreaking genetic havoc. But old-fashioned kinetic and incendiary military insults to nature, when done on a large scale (including peacetime maneuvers) can make civilian insults look innocent./14/ Like mega-violence to humans, e.g., Auschwitz and Hiroshima-Nagasaki, mega-violence to nature makes lower, "conventional", levels of violence look almost innocent. Human: The number of people bereaved through warfare is unknown. A modern 2,3-generation family means the order of 101; counting other primary groups (friends, neighbors, colleagues) we come closer to the order of 102. We can safely multiply the number killed during a war by 10, as a low estimate. Added to that comes second order bereavement, knowing somebody bereaved: the condolences, the sharing in the sorrow, bringing us to 103. Then comes the tertiary order, general national bereavement, as in general when catastrophe strikes, natural or social. As Erasmus Rotterdamus said long time ago: S ss scheint der Krieg nur dem Unerfahrenen,/15/ an important point against the 16
naive, self-exculpatory German der Krieg ist ein Naturgesetz./16/ Because war, like slavery, colonialism and patriarchy, is a social institution, unknown to a number of societies, war is avoidable. If social = structural + cultural then we have already two handles to limit war, also by seeing to it that they are not reinforced by a war - a point to be developed later. Of course, a war culture includes ways of making the bereaved, individual and collective, accept their losses: - the sacrifice was for a just, even holy, cause usually meaning for God (as instrument for his will, Deus volt/17/), for History (as instrument for the course of History/18/), or for the Nation, as a collectivity defined culturally by the sharing of (kairos) points of glory and trauma, in time and space/19/; - war is justified by Law as defensive war against aggression;/20/ - victory proves that God/History/Law is on our Nation's side; - defeat shows that the Nation has betrayed God/History/Law so the sacrifice is only meaningful if the Nation wins next time; - war is in human nature anyhow, expressing a law of nature; With rationalizations such as these (Law is basically silent about structural and cultural violence) no wonder that major causes and effects of wars are kept in the dark. They would erode the commitment to God, History, Law and Nation. Thus, there is something subversive about Table 3.1. Anybody capable of internalizing all effects becomes like a chain smoker who for the first time understands that the warning from the Surgeon General of something being dangerous to your health means your health. But we are not there, yet, for wars. Society: At the social level of the human condition we find 19
Page 1 and 2: AFTER VIOLENCE: 3R, RECONSTRUCTION,
Page 3 and 4: The institutional breakdown, the ab
Page 5 and 6: potential. Violence is not like eat
Page 7 and 8: democracy is an answer. If the cont
Page 9 and 10: [1] The impression is given that vi
Page 11 and 12: violence till the cease-fire confus
Page 13 and 14: the underlying structural and cultu
Page 15 and 16: level of participation, a rich, blo
Page 17: up to net and gross national produc
Page 21 and 22: There is a special aspect of the da
Page 23 and 24: e proud of. Translated into nationa
Page 25 and 26: Cold War is by now a classical case
Page 27 and 28: and property. Creativity in life-en
Page 29 and 30: discourses good deeds may lead to s
Page 31 and 32: case, substituted the verbal duel o
Page 33 and 34: Scenario 4: Z hurts both X and Y fo
Page 35 and 36: wounds to the spirit never, as psyc
Page 37 and 38: chronologically. To the four cases
Page 39 and 40: soldiers were the limbs and "we" (t
Page 41 and 42: Let us try to summarize. Who/what w
Page 43 and 44: accident. The only recourse might b
Page 45 and 46: The white lynchers, victimized or n
Page 47 and 48: massive, even collective, political
Page 49 and 50: there an underlying, universal, que
Page 51 and 52: structural specificities./55/ Thus,
Page 53 and 54: enemies into court, they did not mi
Page 55 and 56: Christian; South Africa is mixed. C
Page 57 and 58: ereaved and those who know the bere
Page 59 and 60: opportunities. There is the good th
Page 61 and 62: Restructuration: the peace structur
Page 63 and 64: exchanges of apologies and forgiven
Page 65 and 66: and traumas of the past, in a strug
Page 67 and 68: know only one good German; a dead G
Page 69 and 70:
positions in a deficient structure.
Page 71 and 72:
This approach only works when the v
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forgive you"? Definitely not. Some
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context, landing it in the Self-God
Page 77 and 78:
victim relation is translated into
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has a system analysis epistemology
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[7] The historical/truth commission
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empirical facts: counter-factual hi
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the video and say: "This is the tur
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model would be a village, a town, a
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facilitating reliving on the spot.
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outcome, never that violence again!
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acts in the light of extenuating ci
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y committing crimes of war, against
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CONFLICT = ATTITUDES/ASSUMPTIONS +
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Table 9.1. The praxis triad: DIAGNO
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The democracy, parliamentarian appr
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task of the peace worker is to appr
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ecoming a permanent state of societ
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destroy them; a contradiction, to p
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The best way of building nonviolenc
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during the second half of this cent
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socialism-communism (the last trans
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and death) specificity beyond the n
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war. The working class British (US,
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was also the outcome of insufficien
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the possibility that this was the p
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things, words and exercises? My wou
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76. 77. I am particularly indebted
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to your feelings, if you have reaso
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AFTER VIOLENCE: 3R, RECONSTRUCTION, RECONCILIATION ...

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