AFTER VIOLENCE: 3R, RECONSTRUCTION, RECONCILIATION ...

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complacency. The cultural deformation had reached the stage of collective paranoia. 63. One example of a vague idea: the widespread Western belief that when Asians talk about "collective rights" then they can rights of the state and corresponding duties for the citizens. No doubt there are those who mean that. But the general meaning is the right of collectivities, such as families, clans, maybe traditional artisans in addition to the right of individuals, e.g., as juridical persons/economic actors. 64. The French expression animatrice/animateur covers this very well. 65. Thus, closure is B-oriented whereas healing is A-oriented. Neither really deals with the contradiction, C-orientation is left to resolution. In a very A/B-oriented conflict culture, like in the USA, reconciliation will loom high and be easily embraced, like reconstruction, because there is nothing controversial. Thus, after the Viˆt Nam war much work was done to close verbal, antagonistic behavior between "hawks" and "doves", to heal the wounds derived from that controversy without really touching the underlying contradiction within and between two countries. Twenty years had to pass for that to be initiated with Robert MacNamara's book - immediately rejected by establishment, veterans, etc. Time will come even for that. 66. If God is both omniscient and omnipotent, how could He have permitted this to happen? But that is only a theological formulation, we all have that question when disaster strikes. 67. Ms Trauma: "you think you can buy me off with those cheap 116
things, words and exercises? My wound needs much more than that to heal; in the meantime vengeance remains my right!" Mr Guilt: "what I have done is so terrible that there is no way you can release me back to a normal life in general and relation with you in particular. I'll live with that forever." They both obtain the same thing with such maneuvers: not to have to heal the wound in the other and (re)build a normal relation (which, as often said, does not mean loving Other". 68. Famous cases of apologies from statesmen would include the very moving act by Chancellor Willy Brandt, kneeling down in front of the 1947 monument to the Heroes of the Ghetto in Warszawa, and President Bill Clinton's Public Law 103-150 November 23 1994, apologizing for the overthrow of the Hawai'i monarchy in 1893. For an analysis of the difference between how Germany and Japan try the "Vergangenheitsbew„ltigung" (coming to terms with the past), see Ian Buruma, The Wages of Guilt: Memories of War in Germany and Japan, London: Meridian, 1994. 69. Here interpreted as "if God is omniscient, omnipotent and omnipresent, why does He permit so much evil to happen?" 70. Among the arguments for an International Tribunal i the right of the victim to voice and ear. This right, can, of course, also be taken care of by a Truth & Reconciliation process, South African model. 71. For one excellent text, see Richard Causton, The Buddha in Daily Life,London: Random House, 1995, pp.168ff, "The Buddhist View of Causality". 72. An inscription found by the present author on the former wall around the former West Berlin. How true, for that Tale of Two 117
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AFTER VIOLENCE: 3R, RECONSTRUCTION,
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The institutional breakdown, the ab
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potential. Violence is not like eat
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democracy is an answer. If the cont
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[1] The impression is given that vi
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violence till the cease-fire confus
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the underlying structural and cultu
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level of participation, a rich, blo
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up to net and gross national produc
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naive, self-exculpatory German der
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There is a special aspect of the da
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e proud of. Translated into nationa
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Cold War is by now a classical case
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and property. Creativity in life-en
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discourses good deeds may lead to s
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case, substituted the verbal duel o
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Scenario 4: Z hurts both X and Y fo
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wounds to the spirit never, as psyc
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chronologically. To the four cases
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soldiers were the limbs and "we" (t
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Let us try to summarize. Who/what w
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accident. The only recourse might b
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The white lynchers, victimized or n
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massive, even collective, political
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there an underlying, universal, que
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structural specificities./55/ Thus,
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enemies into court, they did not mi
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Christian; South Africa is mixed. C
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ereaved and those who know the bere
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opportunities. There is the good th
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Restructuration: the peace structur
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exchanges of apologies and forgiven
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and traumas of the past, in a strug
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know only one good German; a dead G
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positions in a deficient structure.
Page 71 and 72: This approach only works when the v
Page 73 and 74: forgive you"? Definitely not. Some
Page 75 and 76: context, landing it in the Self-God
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Page 81 and 82: [7] The historical/truth commission
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Page 85 and 86: the video and say: "This is the tur
Page 87 and 88: model would be a village, a town, a
Page 89 and 90: facilitating reliving on the spot.
Page 91 and 92: outcome, never that violence again!
Page 93 and 94: acts in the light of extenuating ci
Page 95 and 96: y committing crimes of war, against
Page 97 and 98: CONFLICT = ATTITUDES/ASSUMPTIONS +
Page 99 and 100: Table 9.1. The praxis triad: DIAGNO
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Page 103 and 104: task of the peace worker is to appr
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Page 107 and 108: destroy them; a contradiction, to p
Page 109 and 110: The best way of building nonviolenc
Page 111 and 112: during the second half of this cent
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Page 115 and 116: and death) specificity beyond the n
Page 117 and 118: war. The working class British (US,
Page 119 and 120: was also the outcome of insufficien
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Page 125 and 126: 76. 77. I am particularly indebted
Page 127: to your feelings, if you have reaso
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