GROWING GOURMET - Anto2ni.it

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382 GROWTH PARAMETERS Figure 342. A soft, delicate, fleshy Iruitbody arises from a scierotium. Logs of beech, birch, willow, maples and/or oaks are given multiple cuts into which sawdust spawn or slices of fresh sclerotia are packed. The logs are re-buried underneath a layer of sandy soil and covered with rich humus and deciduous leaves. After three years, the trenched logs are unburied and new sclerotia can be harvested. For sclerotia harvest, late spring is best. Fruitbodies are generated from the sclerotia in the late summer to early fall, when the ground temperature hovers between 50-60° F. (10-15° C.). For more information, consult Fungi Sinica, 1980. (See Figure 343.) Recommended Courses for Expansion of Mycelial Mass to Achieve Fruiting: Liquid culture to grain to sawdust to supplemented sawdust/chips. The cultivation of this mushroom initially parallels that of Maitake, frondosa, another fleshy polypore, according to Jong (1992). My own successes with this mushroom have been limited. G. umbellata can be grown via two methods: from a sclerotium or directly from the mycelial mat by-passing the sclerotial stage. Sclerotial production is stimulated by the microflora in soils, and by the absence of light. Therefore formation of sclerotia under laboratory conditions is difficult. However, there is an alternative strategy. Zhu Ling behaves as a secondary saprophyte, depending upon the degradative abilities of other fungi to render a wood substrate into usable platform for fruiting. In my experiments, fruitings did not result when the same formula was prepared from fresh starting material (i.e. sawdustlchipsfbran). I have had limited success at fruiting this species on the remains of sterilized, recycled Shiitake and Reishi blocks. Nevertheless 45-60 days of incubation preceded any mushroom formation. This method has only resulted in short, lateral, hardened plateaus with pored surfaces, which achieved only a few centimeters in height. The pores contained sporulating basidia. This abbreviated fruitbody formation may be a function of an insufficiently developed scierotial stage. Scierotia store nutrition prior to fruitbody initiation. More research is required before indoor cultivation yields fruitings comparable to other Polypores like Reishi or Maitake. Suggested Agar Culture Media: MYPA, PDYA, OMYA or DFA. 1st, 2nd & 3rd Generation Spawn Media: Two expansions of grain spawn with the final spawn stage being sawdust. Substrates for Fruiting: Outdoor plantings require the placement of either spawn or scierotia into PDF compression, OCR, web-optimization with CVISION's PdfCompressor
Growth Parameters Spawn Run: Incubation Temperature: 60-75° F. (15-24° C.) Relative Humidity: 90-100% Duration: 2 1-30 days to 2 years C02: > 5000 ppm. Fresh Air Exchanges: 1-4 Light Requirements: n/a Scierotia Formation: Incubation Temperature: 50-60° F. (10-16° C.) Relative Humidity: 90-100% Duration: 60-90 days C02: > 5000 ppm. FreshAir Exchanges: 1-4 Light Requirements: darkness required Primordia Formation: Initiation Temperature: 40-50° F. (4-10° C.) Relative Humidity: 90-100% Duration: 3 0-60 days C02:
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GROWING GOURMET and MEDICINAL MUSHR
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This book should help advance the c
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GROWING GOURMET AND MEDICINAL MUSHR
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CHAPTER 1 Mushrooms, Civilization &
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Immortality (1976) where he postula
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CHAPTER 2 The Role of Mushrooms in
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tive species and planted in plots s
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ducing organ: the mushroom. Further
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fungi first to capture a twig, a bl
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The Global Environmental Shift and
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nm peroxidases and cellulases which
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CHAPTER 3 S electing a Candidate fo
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SELECTING A CANDIDATE FOR CULTIVATI
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N atural CHAPTER 4 Natural Culture:
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NATURAL CULTURE: CREATING MYCOLOGIC
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CHAPTER 5 The Stametsian Model: Per
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PERMACULTURE WITH A MYCOLOGICAL TWI
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PERMACULTURE WITH A MYCOLOGICAL TWI
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CHAPTER 6 Materials for Formulating
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MATERIALS FOR FORMULATING A FRUITIN
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CHAPTER 7 Biological Efficiency: An
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BIOLOGICAL EFFICIENCY: AN EXPRESSIO
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CHAPTER8 Home-made vs. Commercial S
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HOME-MADE VERSUS COMMERCIAL SPAWN 6
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CHAPTER 9 The Mushroom Life Cycle W
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Figure 44. Scanning electron microg
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scape, the inycosphere, will give r
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Figure 51. A fully mature basidium.
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posites. The method of spore ejecti
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C ultivating CHAPTER 10 The Six Vec
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floor. After a minute or two, the c
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The best one can hope is that conta
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Figure 60. Storing petri mobile cre
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S terile CHAPTER 11 Mind and Method
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MIND AND METHODS FOR MUSHROOM CULTI
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MIND AND METHODS FOR MUSHROOM CULTI
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CHAPTER 12 Culturing Mushroom Mycel
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CULTURING MUSHROOM MYCELIUM ON AGAR
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E very CHAPTER 13 The Stock Culture
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If one has ten or more replicates,
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eads: FVITC P2 11/16/92 C # 0825905
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Figure 87. Rhizomorphic mycelium di
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exemplified by Laetiporus suiphureu
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molds belonging to Penicillium, Asp
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duce odors which humans can recogni
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CHAPTER 14 Evaluating a Mushroom St
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Figure 96. Healthy mushroom myceliu
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EVALUATING sustained. Without secon
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14. Duration between 1st, 2nd and 3
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substantially in flavor. The cultiv
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G rain CHAPTER 15 Generating Grain
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Figure 101. One memod for preparing
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is added proportionately. Whereas t
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grams. 4 cups is approximately a li
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t .,..,..,,,.. ,'"'•• Figure 10
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Figure 111. Grain inoculated with m
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Figure 113. Gallon jars of 3rd gene
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ag resembles those still widely in
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Figure 116. Scanning electron nucro
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F— GENERATING GRAIN SPAWN 145 Fig
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Figure 120. Actively growing myceli
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Figure 122. Inoculating mycelium in
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the norm. The jars normally grow ou
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Figure 124. (Jyster mushrooms out"
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S awdust CHAPTER 16 Creating Sawdus
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Figure 125. Sawdust spawn of Reishi
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Figure 129. Dispersing the spawn th
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CHAPTER 17 Growing Gourmet Mushroom
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GROWING GOURMET MUSHROOMS ON ENRICH
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C H A P T E R 1 8 Cultivating Gourm
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ice, oat and sorghum straws are the
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Figure 146. A brick keeps the straw
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Figure 149. Newly constructed, scre
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spawn is gravity fed or hand broadc
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C hoosing CHAPTER 19 Cropping Conta
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onments typically ensue until the p
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Figure 158. The Phoenix Oyster, Ple
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Figure 162. The hinged wall-frame
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Figure 167. Bouquets of Golden Oyst
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Figure 171. By slamming the culumn
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latedsubstrate.An 8-ft. longcolumn,
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came a template for the cultivation
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CROPPING CONTAINERS 207 Figures 182
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CHAPTER 20 Casing: A Topsoil Promot
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CHAPTER 21 Growth Parameters for Go
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Figure 188. The Button mushroom (Ag
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of the surface, the region supporti
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other gourmet and medicinal mushroo
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INDOOR GROWTH PARAMETERS The Gilled
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Figure 193.20 days after inoculatio
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Growth Parameters Spawn Run: Incuba
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Harvest Hints: Since this mushroom
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The Enoki Mushroom Fkxmmulina velut
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GROWTH PARAMETERS 233 aspen, willow
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GROWTH PARAMETERS 235 short period
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Introduction: Before the publicatio
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GROWTH PARAMETERS 24f doors, this m
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Figure 216. Inoculated logs of Kuri
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GROWTH PARAMETERS 247 spores of spe
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In Japan, H. tessulatus is marketed
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I Figure 224. Commercial cultivatio
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GROWTH PARAMETERS 255 Figures 226 a
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The Shiitake Mushroom of the Genus
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GROWTH PARAMETERS 261 Figure 231 &
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Figure 235. After soaking, logs can
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GROWTH PARAMETERS 265 Figure 240. A
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GROWTH PARAMETERS 269 This species
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Figure 249. The "Donko" form of Shi
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When I was a impoverished, near-sta
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GROWTH PARAMETERS 275 nated) for 24
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The Nameko Mushroom of the Genus Ph
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GROWTH PARAMETERS 281 Natural Metho
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The Oyster Mushrooms of the Genus P
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Introduction: Few mushrooms are as
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259. Bottle culture of P. cttrtnopl
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Figure 262. A beautiful clustered b
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oom Kit. ri Pertecti's oyster Musn-
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Figure Wild fruiting of P cystidios
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Pleurotus djamor (Fries) Boedjin se
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GROWTH PARAMETERS 299 studies are c
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Medicinal Properties: Not known to
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Figure 275 and 276. P. eryngii frui
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GROWTH PARAMETERS 309 Pleurotus euo
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GROWTH PARAMETERS 313 Pleurotus ost
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Figure 282. A sporeless strain of P
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Suggested Agar Culture Media: MYPA,
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Spawn Run: Temperature: 75° F. (24
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Plate 1. Fruiting culture of Agrocy
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Plate 7. Flammulina velutipes, the
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Plates 14. Shiitake mushrooms, Lent
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Plate 22. Pleurotus eryngii, the Ki
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Plate 44. Two strains of Ganoderma
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Plate 51. Succulent bouquet of .Mai
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Pleurotuspulmonarius (Fries) Quelet
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Figure 287. F. pulmonarius fruiting
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GROWTH PARAMETERS 327 The Caramel C
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GROWTH PARAMETERS 329 Psilocybe whi
Page 363 and 364: Growth Parameters Spawn Run: Incuba
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Page 369 and 370: Figure 297. Azureus Stamets holding
Page 373 and 374: GROWTH PARAMETERS 341 room can also
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Page 377 and 378: Figure 303. Soaked straw is thrown
Page 381 and 382: GROWTH PARAMETERS 349 Figure 312—
Page 383 and 384: INDOOR GROWTH PARAMETERS T he The P
Page 385 and 386: GROWTH PARAMETERS 353 tude sickness
Page 387 and 388: GROWTH PARAMETERS 355 Ganoderma luc
Page 389 and 390: figure 318. U. lucidum (F'orintek's
Page 391 and 392: Natural Habitat: An annual mushroom
Page 393 and 394: GROWTH PARAMETERS 361 Figure 323—
Page 395 and 396: GROWTH PARAMETERS 363 Figures 327
Page 399 and 400: GROWTH PARAMETERS 367 Natural Metho
Page 401 and 402: GROWTH PARAMETERS 369 Comments: A s
Page 403 and 404: GROWTH PARAMETERS 371 form. Microsc
Page 405 and 406: Iligure 335. Maitake usually truits
Page 409 and 410: GROWTH PARAMETERS 377 1992, dried M
Page 411 and 412: GROWTH PARAMETERS 379 Fruitbody dev
Page 413: Figure 341. Sclerotia of North Amer
Page 417 and 418: GROWTH PARAMETERS 385 placed into a
Page 419 and 420: INDOOR GROWTH PARAMETERS The Lion's
Page 421 and 422: GROWTH PARAMETERS 389 Description:
Page 425 and 426: GROWTH PARAMETERS 393 Figure 349. W
Page 427 and 428: INDOOR GROWTH PARAMETERS The Wood E
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Page 433 and 434: INDOOR GROWTH PARAMETERS M orels Th
Page 435 and 436: GROWTH PARAMETERS 403 Figure 357. T
Page 437 and 438: GROWTH PARAMETERS 405 thousands per
Page 439 and 440: Figure 363. A Morel primordium form
Page 441 and 442: Common Names: The Black Morel The C
Page 443 and 444: GROWTH PARAMETERS 413 Figure 372 &
Page 445 and 446: T e m p e r a U r e (°C) Profile o
Page 447 and 448: Figure 375. This mycological experi
Page 449 and 450: Growth Parameters* Spawn Run: Incub
Page 451 and 452: CHAPTER 22 Maximizing the Substrate
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Page 455 and 456: CHAPTER 23 Harvesting, Storing, and
Page 457 and 458: Figure 378. Bouquets of Pleurotus o
Page 459 and 460: Figure 380. An example of poor pack
Page 461 and 462: P. a large blower located at one en
Page 463 and 464: CHAPTER 24 Mushroom Recipes: Enjoyi
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MUSHROOM RECIPES 433 Jack Czarnecki
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MUSHROOM RECIPES 435 Hope & Orson M
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MUSHROOM RECIPES 437 Robert Roselli
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Andrew Weil's Shiitake Teriyaki MUS
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MUSHROOM RECIPES 441 Recommended Mu
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T his CHAPTER 25 Cultivation Proble
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TROUBLESHOOTING 445 small tree frog
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Contaminants localized to point of
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TROUBLESHOOTING 449 PROBLEM CAUSE S
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APPENDIX I Descriptions of Environm
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proof electrical fixtures are essen
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neer systems with mushroom preserva
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APPENDIX II Designing and Building
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DESIGNING AND BUILDING A SPAWN LABO
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APPENDIX III The Growing Room: An E
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MOUTH MUSHROOM-CAVE NEAR PARI& THE
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Many farms employ pass-through curt
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move debris from the feet and enhan
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changes per hour required during th
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After washing, the growing room fee
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APPENDIX IV Resource Directory T he
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Mushroom Book Suppliers Fungi Perfe
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Mushroom Cultivation Seminars & Tra
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RESOURCE DIRECTORY 487 Chibougamau
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RESOURCE DIRECTORY 489 Nutmeg Mycol
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Centre for Land & Biological Resear
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J. B. Swayne Spawn (215) 444-0888 8
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RESOURCE DIRECTORY 495 The Mushroom
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Material APPENDIX V Analysis of Bas
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Material ANALYSIS OF B ASIC MAT ERI
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Material ANALYSIS OF BASI C M ATERI
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Material ANALYSIS OF B ASI C M ATER
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Material ANALYSIS OF BASI C M ATERI
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Material ANALYSIS OF BASI C MATERIA
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Material ANALYSIS OF BASI C MATERIA
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Material ANALYSIS OF BASI C M AT ER
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APPENDIX VI Data Conversion Tables
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1°F. = •5550 Kelvin 1° F = (.55
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DATA CONVERSION TABLES 517 Miscella
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Glossary A agar: a product derived
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droplets of spore bundles on relati
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mycophagist: a person or animal tha
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metabolic heat released as fungi, b
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Bibliography Adachi, K., H. Nanba,
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BIBLIOGRAPHY 529 Chang, S.T. &W.A.
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______ BIBLIOGRAPHY 531 Gormanson,D
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_____1995. BIBLIOGRAPHY 533 Ito, T.
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wheat straw. Mushroom Journal of th
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_____J.A. 1991. Manual on mushmom c
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_____1987b. BIBLIOGRAPHY 539 Royse,
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_____,A. BIBLIOGRAPHY 541 Stijve, T
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543 1993. Boost immunity with medic
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A agaricum 351 agarikon 351 agar me
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ganoderic acids 368 Ganoderma 353,
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N Nuematoloma N. capnoides 237 N. f
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spore germination 100 spore load 24
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Alan Bessette Figures 52, 53 Julie
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