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GROWTH PARAMETERS
Psilocybe cyanescenS Wakefield sensu lato
Introduction: First cultivated in Washington
and Oregon in the late 1970's, this complex of
species is primarily grown outdoors in wood
chip beds. Indoor cultivation is possible but
pales in comparison to natural culture methods.
Species in the P. cyanescens complex are
not as high yielding per lb. of substrate as
some of the fleshier mushrooms in the genus
and hence have little or no commercial appeal.
However, these mushrooms enjoy a popular
reputation and are sought by thousands of eager
hunters every fall. Because they are infrequently
encountered in the wild, many
mycophiles create a mushroom patch in the
privacy of their backyards.
Common Names: Cyans
Caramel Caps
BlueAngels
Potent Psilocybe
Fantasi-takes
Taxonomic Synonyms & Considerations:
The name Psilocybe is Greek and means "bald
head" which refers to the smooth
finities to Stropharia and
taxonomic difficulties. These genera are
surface texture of the cap. The Genus Psilocybe has such close af-
Hypholoma that separation of these genera continues to present unique
clustered within the family Strophariaceae, which also includes
the more distantly related Genus Pholiota. Alexander Smith (1979) proposed that the family
might best be represented by only two genera: the Genus Pholiota and the Macro-genus Psilocybe
which would also envelope species of Stropharia and Hypholoma (asNaernatoloifla).
Currently, the most thorough treatment of the genus can be found in Gaston Guzman's The Genus
Psilocybe: A World Monograph (1983). This extensive monograph contains much original research
and updates more than two decades of data accumulated by Roger Heim & R. Gordon Wasson and
other researchers. Wasson & Heim's beautifully illustrated monograph Les Champignons
Hallucinogenes du Mexique (1958) revealed new MesoAmerican species, many of which were preempted
by the nearly simultaneous
publication of Singer & Smith's update on Psilocybe (1958)
which listed several novel species and sections. * This event set the stage for a heated debate on
Nomenclature, names are prioritized according the date of publication. The
first author to publish a description in latin
and deposit specimens into an internationally recognized and accessible
herbarium is granted first right of use. All subsequently published names are considered synonyms.
* Accordingto the International Rules of
Figure 290. The satin-like mycelium of Psilocybe
azuresCeflS nom. proV., a sister species to P.
cyanescens, growing on malt extract agar.
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