Common Edible Mushrooms

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COMMON EDIBLE MUSHROOMS in concentric circles, and it varies in shape from uniformly convex to convex with a depression in the center. The flesh is tough and white. The wide, white gills run a short way down the stem and have prominently saw-toothed edges. There is a faint ring just below the gills, but this soon disappears and one must find fresh young specimens to see it at all plainly. The stem is either smooth or scaly, from 1/4 to 3/4 inch wide and from 2 to 6 inches long. When fresh the plant has a faint but characteristic ddor suggesting licorice, and this odor, combined with the saw-toothed gill edges, the tough texture, and growth on wood, makes identification relatively certain. It endures for weeks and because of its firmness can be grated to flavor gravies and other foods. GENUS Lenzites <strong>Edible</strong> but tough: LENZITES BETULINA The genus, named after Lenz, a German botanist, is characterized by (i) the stemless cap, (2) the exceedingly tough, leathery Figure* 27. Lenzites betulina. <strong>Edible</strong> but tough. 54
WHITE SPORE PRINT texture, (3) the gills, which are just as tough as the cap and often interbranched to form pores, and (4) its growth on wood. This particular species (Figure 27) is exceedingly common on old birch and aspen logs, growing in rather large clusters, as the illustration indicates. The caps are i or 2 inches wide and from 1/4 to 1/2 inch thick where they are attached to the wood on which they grow. The upper side in fresh specimens is woolly and beautifully zoned in orange, gray, and tan. Though edible, this species is far too tough and leathery to be relished. GENUS Lepiota The genus name, meaning scaly, is descriptive of the surface of the caps in many species. The genus is characterized by (i) white spores, (2) free gills, (3) a definite ring around the stem, and (4) the fact that the stem separates readily from the cap — such definite characteristics that it is ordinarily one of the easiest genera for a beginner to recognize. In shape and size as well as in other features these mushrooms resemble the deadly genus Amanita, but they differ in that the stem parts from the cap easily and cleanly when worked this way and that. Two of the three species here described, Lepiota procera and Lepiota rachodes, are edible, but L.rachodes resembles Lepiota morgani so closely that any beginner should avoid it. L. morgani is poisonous, and mushroom hunters with years of experience have often mistaken it for Lepiota rachodes, eaten it, and become dangerously ill. This is another example of the need for extreme caution in eating mushrooms about whose identity there is the slightest doubt and of the danger run by people who do not distinguish between what they believe they know and what they know they know. Young plants of Lepiota morgani might also be confused with Agaricus, especially if the two come up near one another, as they sometimes do. For this reason, if you pick young mushrooms having (i) a definite veil or ring, (2) free gills, and (3) white gills, do not eat them until you have made a spore print of each. 55
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Plate 1. A. Coprinus micaceus (Mica
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© Copyright 1943 by the UNIVERSITY
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COMMON EDIBLE MUSHROOMS GENUS Lepio
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COMMON EDIBLE MUSHROOMS 111. As Stu
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COMMON EDIBLE MUSHROOMS 7. Amanita
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COMMON EDIBLE MUSHROOMS 51. Coprinu
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COMMON EDIBLE MUSHROOMS no farther
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Page 30 and 31: The Foolproof Four From the more th
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Page 40 and 41: COMMON EDIBLE MUSHROOMS and its sca
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Page 46 and 47: Figure u. Amanita russuloides. Pois
Page 48 and 49: Figure 12. Amanitopsis vaginata. Ed
Page 52 and 53: Figure 14. Cantharellus aurantiacus
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Page 56 and 57: COMMON EDIBLE MUSHROOMS GENUS Colly
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Page 64 and 65: Figure 22. Lactarius cilicioides. E
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Page 80 and 81: Figure 35. Panus rudis. Edible but
Page 84 and 85: Rusty Brown Spore Print GENUS Pholi
Page 86 and 87: Pink Spore Print Edible: CLITOPILUS
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Page 92 and 93: Figure 45. Agaricus campestris (Fie
Page 98 and 99: Black Spore Print GENUS Coprinus So
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Page 102 and 103: Figure 53. Panaeolus solidipes. Edi
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Page 108 and 109: Morels and Saddle Fungi Edible and
Page 110 and 111: Figure 55. Helvetia crispa. Edible.
Page 112 and 113: Pore Fungi GENUS Polyporus Edible:
Page 114 and 115: Edible: GENUS Clavaria Club Fungi A
Page 116 and 117: Tooth Fungi GENUS Hydnum These are
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Jelly Fungi The jelly fungi are so
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COMMON EDIBLE MUSHROOMS and many an
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COMMON EDIBLE MUSHROOMS therein. Wr
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COMMON EDIBLE MUSHROOMS as a border
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COMMON EDIBLE MUSHROOMS STUFFED EGG
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COMMON EDIBLE MUSHROOMS peeled, esp
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COMMON EDIBLE MUSHROOMS breaded and
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COMMON EDIBLE MUSHROOMS DEFRIES, A.
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COMMON EDIBLE MUSHROOMS Death cap,
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Spore color, i z Spore print, how t
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Common Edible Mushrooms

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