CONTENT 5.1 SEISMIC BEHAVIOUR ... - CIB-W18

36-15-4 M Yasumura
Pseudo-dynamic tests on conventional timber structures with shear
walls
Introduction
As the seismic performance of timber structures composed of shear walls
is mainly governed by the mechanical properties of shear walls, the evaluation
of seismic performance of shear walls is essential for the seismic design
of timber structures. The lateral resistance of shear walls can be determined
by the following four criteria obtained from the reversed cyclic
lateral loading tests'); the initial stiffness, the yield strength, the ultimate
strength and the ductility). Although these criteria are indispensable for the
evaluation of shear walls, they do not always predict the dynamic response
of structures during the earthquakes. Pseudo-dynamic test is one of the
most efficient methods to estimate the seismic performance of timber
structures. To conduct a pseudo-dynamic test of shear walls, we need to
assume a mass which is the most sensitive to the earthquake response. In
general, we consider the shear wall of the first story and apply the mass
supported by that particular wall. However, the effects of shear walls of
the upper story may not be negligible on the response of that of the first
story.
To examine these problems, we conducted pseudo-dynamic tests on
two-story timber structures with plywood-sheathed shear walls having an
opening of different configurations, and the effects of the balance of the
racking strength between the first and the second stories were studied. We
also compared the responses of the first story with those of the test results
of the individual shear walls.
The test results showed that the maximum displacement response of the
first story became smaller when the resistance of the shear walls of the second
story was smaller and that the maximum displacement responses of
the first story were very close to those of pseudo-dynamic test results of
the individual shear walls when the resistance of the shear walls of the second
story were sufficiently large. These results indicate that the pseudodynamic
tests of a single shear wall element with the mass supported by
that particular wall show generally equal to or at least safe-side estimation
of the response of the first story, and this method is appropriate to evaluate
the seismic performance of the shear walls of the first story which are the
most critical during the earthquake.
Time-history earthquake response analysis is another effective method
to evaluate the seismic performance of timber structures. A good model of
the cyclic behaviour of shear walls is required to predict precisely the response.
In this study the parameters of the hysteretic model of shear walls
were determined from the reversed cyclic tests of the individual shear
walls. The simulation predicted quite well the response of the first story,
but tended to under-estimate the response of the second story. Further
studies may be necessary to predict more precisely the seismic response of
whole structures.
Conclusions
The following conclusions were drawn from the experimental and analytical
studies:
1) The pseudo-dynamic tests of a shear wall with the mass supported by
that particular walls show generally equal to or safe-side estimation of
the response of the first story, and this method is appropriate to evaluate
the seismic performance of the shear walls of the first story which are
the most critical during the earthquake.
2) The simulation by the lumped mass time-history earthquake response
analysis predicted quite well the response of the first story, but tended
to underestimate the response of the second story. Further studies may
be necessary to predict more precisely the seismic response of the
whole structure.
3) The tensile forces were concentrated on the corner post near the loading
points and showed almost close values of 22 to 28 kN regardless of the
opening configuration except for the specimen SHS. The tensile force
of the third posts (C or B) varied from 4 to 19 kN according to the different
opening configuration. As the effects of reducing the tensile
force of the joints at the foot of inner posts are negligible, they should
be considered in the design of joints connecting the posts to the sill.
36-15-5 B Kasal, P Haller, S Pospisil, I Jirovsky, A Heiduschke, M
Drdacky
Experimental investigation of laminated timber frames with fiberreinforced
connections under earthquake loads
Abstract
1:4 scaled models and full-size two-story laminated timber frames were
CIB-W18 Timber Structures – A review of meeting 1-43 5 SPECIAL ACTIONS page 5.20