GIS-Based Models and GIS-Tools for Sustainable - Spiekermann ...
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GIS-Based Models and GIS-Tools for Sustainable - Spiekermann ...

GIS-Based Models and GIS-Tools for Sustainable - Spiekermann ... GIS-Based Models and GIS-Tools for Sustainable - Spiekermann ...

spiekermannwegener
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22.03.2013 Views

GIS-Based Models and GIS Tools 36 Figure 19. Road improvements in the three scenarios until 2020

GIS-Based Models and GIS Tools 37 Scenario I is called the Status-quo Scenario. This scenario reflects the current status if it is prevail until the year 2020. This scenario is considered as the benchmark for the analysis. This scenario assumes a natural growth in the Palestinian and Israeli population of the study area. As in the present time, no major change in employment trends is taking place; thus the scenario assumes decline in the economy. Road network development is assumed to take place in this scenario as in the other two scenarios: Road 6, the Jerusalem ring road and Road 80 are assumed to exist in 2020. Restrictions on roads to Palestinian vehicles will still exist, and there will be a large number of checkpoints resulting in a high level of delay on a number of road links. Scenario II is called the Separation Scenario. This scenario assumes cold relations in which a rigid boundary between the Palestinian territories and Israel exists. The Palestinian population is assumed to grow naturally. In addition, some 300,000 Palestinian returnees are assumed to be distributed evenly across the Palestinian urban centres of the region. The scenario also assumes that 100,000 Israeli settlers are evicted from the West Bank. Since the region is assumed to have a high level of Palestinian population in the year 2020, the economic situation is assumed to go in the stagnation mode. Road network improvement in this scenario is the same as in the Status-quo Scenario except that a second, more northern connection between Tel Aviv and Jerusalem will be constructed and the safe passage corridors between The West Bank and Gaza (see Figure 16) will exist. Unlike the Status-quo Scenario, checkpoints within the West Bank no longer exist, however, the checkpoints along the border providing access to Jerusalem and Israel have medium delays. Scenario III is the Co-operation Scenario. This scenario assumes friendly relations between Palestinians and Israelis. The scenario expects 300,000 Palestinian returnees and evicts 200,000 Israeli settlers from the West Bank. Unlike the Separation Scenario, the Co-operation Scenario assumes economic growth resulting from the low restriction on accessibility as all checkpoints and road restrictions are removed in this scenario. Employment levels and car ownership are expected to increase. The same improvements in the road network are expected to take place as in the Status-quo Scenario except that the safe passage corridors will exist. It is important to note that the criteria embedded in the scenarios developed in this project do not resemble any political forthcoming opinion of the Palestinian National Authority, the Israeli government or the authors but are strictly developed for illustrative purposes in order to assess the impact of a certain policy or future image if it is to take place in the future.

<strong>GIS</strong>-<strong>Based</strong> <strong>Models</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>GIS</strong> <strong>Tools</strong> 36<br />

Figure 19. Road improvements in the three scenarios until 2020

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