THE SMOOTH SOUNDING GRAPH. A Manual for Field Work ... - BGR

37
5+6 Labourers pulling the current cable to the initial position in a wide
bend around the "holy" district. On the drums the cable always
should run from the top (Fig.27).
Now the measurement can start; at each point along the measuring tape
the apparent resistivity ρa is calculated from current I, voltage U and fac-
tor K. In order to determine immediately the right order of the resistivity,
with which the curve starts, significant importance is due to the calcula-
tion of the first value for the apparent resistivity. For L/2=1,5m and
a/2=0,5m the geometrical factor K is 2π=6,28 (exactly 2πa after Wenner,
see chapter 1.3). If now the electrode current I will be adjusted numeri-
cally to the factor K, the potential electrode voltage U is numerically equal
to the apparent resistivity ρa. This results from formula (13) in chapter
1.4
ρ
a
=
U
K
I
In practice normally the following three possibilities at the starting point
result from this:
a.) ρ a[
Ωm] =
U[
mV ]
× 6,
28m
0,
628mA
= U[
mV ] × 10
U[
mV ]
b.) ρ a[
Ωm] = × 6,
28m
= U[
mV ] × 1
6,
280mA
U[
mV ]
c.) ρ a[
Ωm] = × 6,
28m
= U[
mV ] × 0,
1
62,
80mA
Using dry batteries the process I=K cannot be realized. ρa then has to be
calculated on a slide rule or nowadays on a pocket-computer.
The ρa-data are directly plotted on bi-logarithmic transparent paper, and
for a better control written in a minute-book.
Besides the date, site (with height above m.s.l.) and number of the
sounding this minute-book should also contain the measured electrode
current I[mA], the measured potential electrode voltage U[mV] and of
course the apparent resistivity ρa. An additional column seems desirable
for remarks like industrial current, tellurics, weather (rain, sun, wind,
thunderstorm) and perhaps a short description of the field (mash-wire