De I. VNER VEW D Forest Trees of the Pacific Slope

FOREST TREES OF THE PACIFIC SLOPE.
10 or 12 miles east of Mendocino (western limits) ; also near Cahto and Laytonville
and near Willets and a few miles north of Ridgewood Summit (between Willets and
Ukiah). Trinity County, noted east to canyon between Lewiston and Whiskeytown at
2,000 feet, Canyon Creek from Dedrick to Alpine lakes (5,600 feet), in gulches of Carl,
Salt, and Dutch Creeks between Junction and Hay Fork and in gulches between Post
Ranch and South Fork of Trinity River. Colusa County: On Snow Mountain and in deep
canyons on Elk Mountain. Lake County: Noted on Sanhedrin Mountain, and east side of
Mount St. Helena in canyon between Tollhouse and Middletown. Mount Shasta National
Forest only detected east to headwaters of Sacramento River (Siskiyou County) and
McCloud River (Shasta County) at 15 miles above Baird, at 3,000 to 6,000 feet. Not
known on Mount Shasta. Lassen Peak, Plumas and Lake Tahoe National Forests infrequent
in yellow pine belt of central plateau region and wet canyons of west side of
main range; noted in Placer County just south of North Fork American River east of
Iowa Hill, a few miles east of Forest Hill, and in Devil's Canyon between Forest Hill
and Colfax. Stanislaus National Forest, infrequent in red fir belt; noted In vicinity of
Mutton Canyon and Deep Canyon (branches of Pilot Creek, a tributary of Rubicon
River) at 4,000 feet; Big Iowa Canyon (tributary South Fork American River) at
3,000 feet, headwaters of Sly Park Creek (tributary of North Fork of Cosumnes River),
and North Fork of Webber Creek at 4,000 feet, at 2,500 to 3,000 feet on the headwaters
of Cedar Creek (tributary same river), at 3,500 feet on Clear Creek (tributary Webber
Creek), headwaters of Mill Creek (tributary North Fork of Mokelumne River) at 3,500
to 4,000 feet. South on west side Sierras at 5,000 to 8,000 feet to Tulare County. Also
reported in coast ranges south of San Francisco Bay south to Santa Cruz Mountains.
OCCURRENCE.
Near margins of low mountain streams, moist flats and benches, deep ravines and
coves, in rich rocky or gravelly soils. Largest in western Oregon, Washington, and
British Columbia; much smaller in eastern range, especially in drier situations. Groves
in small groups and singly, scattered sparingly with Douglas fir, grand fir, redwood, tanbark
oak, vine, and broad-leafed maples.
CLIMATIC CONDITIONs.-Similar to those of Douglas fir (in Pacific range).
TOLERANCE.-Exceedingly tolerant of dense shade throughout life; crown foliage thin
and branches low to ground under deep shade; grows well in partial or full light, but
crown and foliage then much more dense.
REPRODUCTION.-Fairly prolific seeder. Vitality of seeds persistent and germination
moderately high. Seedlings only occasional-often rare and mostly in deep shade on
wet moss and decaying wood. Imperfectly known.
MONOCOTYLEDONES.
The trees which belong to the great class of monocotyledones differ from
ordinary trees in not having their woody tissue arranged in annual concentric
rings. Instead, the woody, thread-like fibers are scattered apparently irregularly
throughout the trunk, on a cross-section of which the ends of these fibers
appear like numerous dots. Another important characteristic is the single
cotyledon or seed-leaf produced by the newly germinated seed. Other tree seedlings
have 2 or more seed-leaves. The veins of monocotyledonous tree leaves
are usually parallel to each other, just as in the leaves of grasses and Indian
corn, also members of this class, in contrast with the feather and net like veining
of ordinary tree leaves. To this group belong the palms and yuccas, which
are essentially subtropical or tropical plants. The tree palms grow throughout
their life with a single unbranched, column-like trunk, at the top of which the
leaves are clustered. Tree yuccas are sparingly branched, much as in other
trees, but their manner of producing leaves from the ends of the few branches
is similar to that of the palms.
Family PAL ZMSE.
The trees of this family, known as palms, have single, straight, unbranched,
cylindrical trunks, crowned by a cluster of spreading, fan-like leaves. The fruit,
borne in branched clusters, ie berry-like and usually one-seeded-seldom 2 to 3
seeded.
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