The Death of Christian Britain

— Notes to pages 158–163 —
49 Correlations of 0.3782 and –0.3782 respectively, based on the seven boroughs
of St. Marylebone, Westminster, Kensington, Chelsea, Paddington, Hammersmith
and Fulham.
50 r = +0.8812, R 2 = 0.7766.
51 A. Sherwell, ‘The problem of west London’, in Mudie-Smith (ed.), Religious
Life, pp. 91–2.
52 Mission stations include those of the Church of England, Baptists,
Congregationalists, Wesleyan Methodists, Presbyterian Church, and evangelical
mission services. Figures calculated from Mudie-Smith (ed.), Religious Life,
p. 271.
53 By the 1930s, Catholic churches in London and Liverpool typically had five
masses on Sunday morning, and one either on Saturday or Sunday evening, in
addition to any weekday services on offer. I am grateful to Mary Heimann for
advice on this point.
54 H. McLeod, Religion and Society in England 1850–1914, Basingstoke,
Macmillan, 1996, p. 13. C.G. Brown, ‘Religion’, in R. Pope (ed.), Atlas of British
Social and Economic History since c.1700, London, Routledge, 1989, pp. 211–12.
55 This is the plausible scenario suggested by Smith for Lancashire and which
certainly seems true of Scotland. M. Smith, Religion in Industrial Society,
pp. 250–3.
56 W.L. Courtney (ed.), Do We Believe? A Record of a Great Correspondence
in “The Daily Telegraph”, October, November, December, 1904, London,
Hodder & Stoughton, 1905, pp. 265–6; R.M. Goodridge, ‘Nineteenth-century
urbanization and religion: Bristol and Marseilles 1830–1880’, in D. Martin
(ed.), A Sociological Yearbook of Religion in Britain, no. 2, London, 1969,
pp. 126–7.
57 McLeod, ‘Class, community and region’, p. 43; Chadwick, ‘Church and people’,
p. 76.
58 J.T. Stoddart, ‘The Daily News census of 1902–3 compared with the British
Weekly census of 1886’, in Mudie-Smith (ed.), Religious Life pp. 282–8;
R. Gill, The Myth of the Empty Church, London, SPCK, 1990, pp. 299–322;
McLeod, Class and Religion, pp. 232–8.
59 Graphs of church membership per capita, with discussion of the data, appear
in C.G. Brown, ‘A revisionist approach to religious change’, in Bruce (ed.),
Religion and Modernization, pp. 31–58; and C.G. Brown, ‘Religion, class
and church growth’, in Fraser and Morris (eds), People and Society,
pp. 311–16.
60 Data from or calculated for English and Welsh churches from R. Currie, A.
Gilbert and L. Horsley, Churches and Churchgoers: Patterns of Church Growth
in the British Isles since 1700, Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1977, p. 65; Gilbert,
Religion and Society, p. 37; and for Scottish churches from the author’s running
datasets of Scottish churches’ membership.
61 The church membership data at decennial intervals 1800–1950 was set against
census population data for years 1801–1951 (with a figure for 1941 calculated
by linear extrapolation); data from Currie, Gilbert and Horsley, Churches
and Churchgoers, p. 25; and from B.R. Mitchell and P. Deane (eds), Abstract
of British Historical Statistics, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1962,
p. 6.
263