The Death of Christian Britain

— Notes to pages 35–41 —
3 THE SALVATION ECONOMY
1 A.T. Bradwell, Autobiography of a Converted Infidel, Sheffield, George
Chalmers, 1844, pp. 20, 24, 26.
2 B. Hilton, The Age of Atonement: The Influence of Evangelicalism on Social
and Economic Thought, 1795–1865, Oxford, Clarendon, 1988, p. 8.
3 Ibid., p. 13.
4 E.J. Yeo, The Contest for Social Science, London, Rivers Oram, 1996.
5 D. Hempton, The Religion of the People: Methodism and Popular Religion
c. 1750–1900, London, Routledge, 1996, pp. 73–90.
6 D. Bebbington, Evangelicalism in Modern Britain, London, Unwin Hyman,
1989, pp. 42–74; Hilton, Age of Atonement; Yeo, Social Science.
7 On the meaning of ‘conformity’ in early modern England, see M. Spufford,
‘Can we count the “godly” and the “conformable” in the seventeenth century?’,
Journal of Ecclesiastical History, 1985, vol. 36.
8 In one of these works in 1779, a minister bemoaned ‘the Ommission of our
worthy Forefathers to transmit to Posterity a full and Circumstantial account’
of earlier revivals. J. Robe, 1779, quoted in A. Fawcett, The Cambuslang
Revival, London, Banner of Truth Trust, 1971, p. 5.
9 R. Currie, A. Gilbert and L. Horsley, Churches and Churchgoers: Patterns of
Church Growth in the British Isles since 1700, Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1977,
p. 139.
10 A point made for overseas missions in C. Hall, White, Male and Middle
Class: Explorations in Feminism and History, Cambridge, Polity Press, 1992,
pp. 218–19.
11 W. Porteous, The Doctrine of Toleration, Glasgow, 1778, pp. 8, 14; Edinburgh
University Library, Laing MSS, La. II 500, letters from William Porteous to
Lord Advocate, 24 January and 20 February 1797; 21 February 1798. Principal
Acts of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland, 1794–1812, pp. 38–45.
12 I. Bradley, The Call to Seriousness, London, Jonathan Cape, 1976, p. 22.
13 On the associational ideal, see S.J.D. Green, Religion in the Age of Decline:
Organisation and Experience in Industrial Yorkshire 1870–1920, Cambridge,
Cambridge University Press, 1996. On the key role for the doctrine of assurance
of salvation in evangelicalism, see Bebbington, Evangelicalism, pp. 42–50,
74.
14 This is the slant given to this puritanising process in Bradley, Call to Seriousness,
esp. pp. 34–56; D. Rosman, Evangelicals and Culture, London, Croom
Helm, 1984; and L. Davidoff and C. Hall, Family Fortunes: Men and Women
of the English Middle class, 1780–1850, London, Routledge, 1987, esp. pp.
73–148.
15 J. Dunlop, Autobiography, London, 1932, pp. 7, 9, 27.
16 Chamber’s Journal, vol. 5, no. 210, 6 February 1836.
17 The General Baptist Repository and Missionary Observer, new series vol. 1, 1
January 1834, p. 11.
18 Ibid., p. 9
19 E.P. Thompson, Customs in Common, London, Merlin, 1991.
20 A. Clark, The Struggle for the Breeches: Gender and the Making of the British
Working Class, London, Rivers Oram Press, 1995.
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