Presentation M. Madsen - BirdLife International
Presentation M. Madsen - BirdLife International
Presentation M. Madsen - BirdLife International
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Flyway conservation of migratory geese<br />
– a wide range of possible management strategies<br />
Jesper <strong>Madsen</strong><br />
Department of Arctic Environment, NERI, Aarhus University, Denmark<br />
Bird Conservation in the European Union – Planning for Recovery Action and Sustainable Use<br />
<strong>International</strong> Conference, Bruxelles, 23-24 November 2010<br />
National Environmental Research Institute – Aarhus University
Number of populations<br />
Status and recent trends of 26 goose<br />
populations in the Western Palearctic<br />
9<br />
8<br />
7<br />
6<br />
5<br />
4<br />
3<br />
2<br />
1<br />
0<br />
Number of populations<br />
Status and recent trends of 26 goose<br />
populations in the Western Palearctic<br />
12<br />
10<br />
8<br />
6<br />
4<br />
2<br />
0<br />
Populations of special conservation concern:<br />
Lesser White-fronted Goose<br />
Greenland White-fronted Goose<br />
Svalbard Light-bellied Brent Goose<br />
Red-breasted Goose<br />
National Environmental Research Institute – Aarhus University
National Environmental Research Institute – Aarhus University<br />
Conservation<br />
sucesses
National Environmental Research Institute – Aarhus University<br />
Estimated population size<br />
1000000<br />
100000<br />
10000<br />
1000<br />
Russian/Baltic/North Sea population<br />
7.8% per annum (770,000)<br />
Conservation<br />
sucesses<br />
Photos and drawing kindly<br />
provided by<br />
David Boertmann<br />
John Frikke<br />
Jens Gregersen<br />
Per Ivar Nicolaisen<br />
Jan Skriver<br />
Arne Vanemo<br />
100<br />
1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020<br />
Year<br />
Svalbard population<br />
6.6% per annum (30,000)<br />
Greenland population<br />
3.7% per annum (71,000)<br />
Source: Goose Specialist Group of Wetlands <strong>International</strong><br />
Fox et al. 2010; Ornis Svegica, in press
Geese have successfully adapted<br />
Behavioural adaptations to dynamic landscapes<br />
Pink-footed geese as example<br />
National Environmental Research Institute – Aarhus University<br />
Source: <strong>Madsen</strong> & Boertmann,<br />
Landscape Ecology, 2008
Increasing goose populations cause conflict with<br />
agriculture, other human interests and<br />
ecosystem preservation<br />
So far, problems have only been addressed nationally<br />
Need to go from a local ’ad hoc’ to an international<br />
strategic approach<br />
National Environmental Research Institute – Aarhus University
Options for goose management<br />
Regional<br />
Recent example: Framework for management of geese<br />
in the wider international Wadden Sea area, including:<br />
Prioritization of management areas<br />
Application of ’stick and carrot’ approach<br />
Harmonisation of schemes across borders<br />
Encourage to see geese as a valued and natural asset<br />
National Environmental Research Institute – Aarhus University<br />
Wadden Sea Forum Goose Management Group (2010):<br />
Recommendations and guidance for the development of a<br />
goose management plan for the trilateral Wadden Sea Region
Options for goose management<br />
Flyway-based<br />
Existing instruments:<br />
Bi-lateral national agreements<br />
EU Birds Directive<br />
African-Eurasian Waterbird Agreement of the<br />
Convention of Migratory Species (CMS)<br />
National Environmental Research Institute – Aarhus University
Requirements for flyway-based management of<br />
increasing populations<br />
Need for an integrated structural approach at flyway, national and<br />
regional level<br />
<strong>International</strong> measurable management objectives and actions have<br />
to be agreed<br />
Better understanding of the dynamics and system response<br />
(predictive tools)<br />
Discussion about population targets<br />
Use of hunting as a means of management?<br />
Adoption of adaptive harvest management concept?<br />
Close monitoring, feedback mechamisms to management<br />
No European example so far!<br />
National Environmental Research Institute – Aarhus University
<strong>International</strong> flyway management plan for the<br />
Svalbard population of the Pink-footed Goose<br />
Anser brachyrhynchus<br />
<strong>International</strong> Stakeholder Workshop<br />
Dragør Badehotel, Copenhagen<br />
4-5 November 2010<br />
National Environmental Research Institute – Aarhus University
Flyway<br />
National Environmental Research Institute – Aarhus University
Comprehensive background data:<br />
Population monitoring since 1980<br />
Capture-resighting neckbanding programme since 1990<br />
Year-round ecological, behavioural and management studies<br />
Population, individual-based and spatial predictive modelling<br />
Hunting bag statistics (Norway; Denmark)<br />
National Environmental Research Institute – Aarhus University
70000<br />
60000<br />
50000<br />
40000<br />
30000<br />
20000<br />
10000<br />
0<br />
Population development<br />
Increased protection<br />
from hunting<br />
1965 1968 1971 1974 1977 1980 1983 1986 1989 1992 1995 1998 2001 2004 2007<br />
National Environmental Research Institute – Aarhus University<br />
Improved winter<br />
feeding conditions<br />
Climate change<br />
effects?
Observed Svalbard pink-footed goose population (1965-2005)<br />
with 25 year predicted trajectories<br />
Population size<br />
150,000<br />
100,000<br />
50,000<br />
0<br />
1970 1980 1990 2000<br />
Year<br />
2010 2020 2030<br />
National Environmental Research Institute – Aarhus University<br />
Density independent model<br />
Density dependent model<br />
Source: Trinder & <strong>Madsen</strong><br />
Vogelwelt (2008)
Current legal status<br />
• Norway (+ Svalbard): open season<br />
• Denmark: open season<br />
• Netherlands: protected<br />
• Belgium: protected<br />
National Environmental Research Institute – Aarhus University
Management concern:<br />
increasing conflict with agriculture<br />
National Environmental Research Institute – Aarhus University
Management concern:<br />
Increasing habitat degradation of Arctic tundra<br />
National Environmental Research Institute – Aarhus University
Hunting<br />
3000<br />
2500<br />
2000<br />
1500<br />
1000<br />
500<br />
0<br />
Norway<br />
National Environmental Research Institute – Aarhus University<br />
Hunting bag<br />
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Hunting<br />
9000<br />
8000<br />
7000<br />
6000<br />
5000<br />
4000<br />
3000<br />
2000<br />
1000<br />
0<br />
Norway<br />
Denmark<br />
National Environmental Research Institute – Aarhus University<br />
Hunting bag<br />
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Conclusions:<br />
General recovery and growth of goose populations in<br />
Europe constitutes a major conservation success<br />
Despite conservation instruments at hand, serious<br />
problems prevail for some populations, with insufficient<br />
understanding of causes of decline and appropriate<br />
conservation actions<br />
Continued growth of populations constitutes an increasing<br />
economic cost to society; lack of appropriate management<br />
tools at the right scale<br />
Need for an integrated structural approach at flyway,<br />
national and regional level<br />
Regional approach to management combined with adaptive<br />
flyway management are ways forward<br />
Requires stakeholder agreements, co-operation, shared<br />
learning and commitments, from farmers to scientists<br />
National Environmental Research Institute – Aarhus University
National Environmental Research Institute – Aarhus University<br />
Thank you!<br />
Photos kindly provided by<br />
Hans Dekkers<br />
John Frikke<br />
Ove Martin Gundersen<br />
Per Ivar Nicolaisen<br />
Jan Skriver<br />
Arne Vanemo
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