Income, Poverty, and Health Insurance Coverage ... - Census Bureau

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Figure 5. Poverty Rates by Age: 1959 to 2009 Percent 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 1959 65 years and older 18 to 64 years 1965 1970 1975 1980 Notes: The data points are placed at the midpoints of the respective years. For information on recessions, see Appendix A. Data for people aged 18 to 64 and 65 and older are not available from 1960 to 1965. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, 1960 to 2010 Annual Social and Economic Supplements. 1985 Of the foreign-born population, 42.6 poverty rate for the Northeast was 51.2 percent of poor people in metropercent were naturalized U.S. citizens; 12.2 percent (not statistically different politan areas lived in principal cities. the remaining were not U.S. citizens. from the 2008 rate), while the number For those inside metropolitan areas but The poverty rate and the number in in poverty increased from 6.3 million not in principal cities, the poverty rate poverty in 2009 for naturalized U.S. in 2008 to 6.7 million in 2009. and the number in poverty rose from citizens were 10.8 percent and 1.7 9.8 percent and 15.3 million to 11.0 million, estimates not statistically Residence percent and 17.4 million. different from 2008. The poverty rate and the number in poverty for those who were not U.S. citizens rose to 25.1 percent and 5.4 million in 2009—up from 23.3 percent and 5.0 million in 2008. Inside metropolitan statistical areas, the poverty rate and the number of people in poverty were 13.9 percent and 35.7 million in 2009—up from 12.9 percent and 32.6 million in 2008. Among those living outside metro- Work Experience Among all workers aged 16 and older, both the poverty rate and the number in poverty increased to 6.9 percent and 10.7 million from 6.4 percent and Region The poverty rate increased from 2008 to 2009 in three of the four regions, while all four regions had increases in the number of people in poverty. The politan areas, the poverty rate and the number in poverty were 16.6 percent and 7.9 million in 2009—up from 15.1 percent and 7.3 million in 2008. Between 2008 and 2009, the pov- 10.1 million. Between 2008 and 2009, the increase in poverty among workers was driven almost entirely by those who worked less than full-time, year-round. 44 Midwest poverty rate increased from 12.4 percent to 13.3 percent, and the number in poverty increased from 8.1 million to 8.8 million; the South increased from 14.3 percent to 15.7 erty rate for people in principal cities increased from 17.7 percent to 18.7 percent, while the number in poverty increased from 17.2 million to 18.3 million. Within metropolitan areas, Both the percentage and number in poverty increased among less than full-time, year-round workers from 13.5 percent and 7.3 million to 14.5 percent and 8.0 million. For full-time, year-round percent and from 15.9 million to 17.6 people in poverty were more likely to million; and the West increased from live in principal cities. While 38.2 per- 44 The increase between the 2008 and 2009 13.5 percent to 14.8 percent and from cent of all people living in metropolitan estimates for all workers and for less than fulltime, year-round workers were not statistically 9.6 million to 10.5 million. The 2009 areas in 2009 lived in principal cities, different from each other. U.S. Census Bureau Income, Poverty, and Health Insurance Coverage in the United States: 2009 17 1990 Under 18 years 1995 2000 Recession 2005 2009 20.7 percent 12.9 percent 8.9 percent
Table 6. People With Income Below Specified Ratios of Their Poverty Thresholds by Selected Characteristics: 2009 (Numbers in thousands, confidence intervals [CI] in thousands or percentage points as appropriate People as of March of the following year For information on confidentiality protection, sampling error, nonsampling error, and definitions, see www.census.gov/apsd/techdoc/cps/cpsmar10.pdf) Income-to-poverty ratio Characteristic Total Number Under 050 Under 100 Under 125 90 percent CI 1 (±) Per- cent 90 percent CI 1 (±) Number 90 percent CI 1 (±) workers, the percentage and number Families 942,000 in 2009 from 13.8 percent in poverty in 2009 were not statistically different from 2008—2.7 percent and 2.6 million. The poverty rate and the number of families in poverty were 11.1 percent and 723,000 in 2008). 45 and 8.8 million in 2009 compared Depth of Poverty Among those who did not work at with 10.3 percent and 8.1 million in Categorizing a person as “in poverty” least one week last year, the pov- 2008 (Table 4). or “not in poverty” is one way to erty rate and the number in poverty increased to 22.7 percent and 18.9 million in 2009 from 22.0 percent and 17.1 million in 2008 (Table 4). 45 A full-time, year-round worker is a person who worked 35 or more hours per week (fulltime) and 50 or more weeks during the previous calendar year (year-round). For school personnel, summer vacation is counted as weeks worked if they are scheduled to return to their job in the fall. The poverty rate and the number of families in poverty increased across all types of families: married-couple families (5.8 percent and 3.4 million in 2009 from 5.5 percent and 3.3 million in 2008); families with a female householder (29.9 percent and 4.4 million in 2009 from 28.7 percent and 4.2 million in 2008); and families with a male householder (16.9 percent and describe his or her economic situation. The income-to-poverty ratio and the income deficit or surplus describe additional aspects of economic well-being. While the poverty rate shows the proportion of people with income below the appropriate poverty threshold, the income-to-poverty ratio gauges the depth of poverty. It shows how close a family’s income 18 Income, Poverty, and Health Insurance Coverage in the United States: 2009 U.S. Census Bureau Per- cent 90 percent CI 1 (±) Number 90 percent CI 1 (±) Per- cent 90 percent CI 1 (±) All people 303,820 19,028 505 63 02 43,569 732 143 02 56,840 815 187 03 Age Under 18 years 74,579 6,914 264 93 04 15,451 372 207 05 19,588 406 263 05 18 to 24 years 29,313 3,039 124 104 04 6,071 168 207 06 7,523 183 257 06 25 to 34 years 41,085 2,845 122 69 03 6,123 175 149 04 7,884 196 192 05 35 to 44 years 40,447 1,967 102 49 02 4,756 156 118 04 6,197 176 153 04 45 to 54 years 44,387 1,961 102 44 02 4,421 150 100 03 5,718 169 129 04 55 to 59 years 19,172 719 62 38 03 1,792 97 93 05 2,349 111 123 06 60 to 64 years 16,223 587 56 36 03 1,520 90 94 05 2,074 104 128 06 65 years and older 38,613 994 72 26 02 3,433 130 89 03 5,507 160 143 04 Race2 and Hispanic Origin White 242,047 12,620 416 52 02 29,830 621 123 03 39,509 702 163 03 White, not Hispanic 197,164 8,009 334 41 02 18,530 499 94 02 24,853 572 126 03 Black 38,556 4,607 247 119 06 9,944 345 258 08 12,483 377 324 09 Asian 14,005 866 109 62 08 1,746 152 125 11 2,232 170 159 12 Hispanic (any race) 48,811 5,081 255 104 05 12,350 363 253 07 15,980 392 327 08 Family Status In families 249,384 12,559 415 50 02 31,197 633 125 03 41,144 714 165 03 Householder 78,867 3,625 118 46 01 8,792 201 111 02 11,620 241 147 02 Related children under 18 73,410 6,418 255 87 03 14,774 366 201 05 18,857 401 257 05 Related children under 6 25,104 2,751 170 110 07 5,983 244 238 09 7,437 269 296 10 In unrelated subfamilies 1,357 451 80 332 48 693 99 511 51 771 105 568 51 Unrelated individuals 53,079 6,019 159 113 03 11,678 242 220 03 14,924 286 281 04 Male 26,269 2,900 105 110 04 5,255 147 200 05 6,598 168 251 05 Female 26,811 3,119 109 116 04 6,424 166 240 05 8,326 194 311 05 1 A 90 percent confidence interval is a measure of an estimate’s variability The larger the confidence interval in relation to the size of the estimate, the less reliable the estimate For more information see “Standard Errors and Their Use” at 2 Federal surveys now give respondents the option of reporting more than one race Therefore, two basic ways of defining a race group are possible A group such as Asian may be defined as those who reported Asian and no other race (the race-alone or single-race concept) or as those who reported Asian regardless of whether they also reported another race (the race-alone-or-in-combination concept) This table shows data using the first approach (race alone) The use of the single-race population does not imply that it is the preferred method of presenting or analyzing data The Census Bureau uses a variety of approaches Information on people who reported more than one race, such as White and American Indian and Alaska Native or Asian and Black or African American, is available from Census 2000 through American FactFinder About 26 percent of people reported more than one race in Census 2000 Data for American Indians and Alaska Natives, Native Hawaiians and Other Pacific Islanders, and those reporting two or more races are not shown separately Note: Details may not sum to totals because of rounding Source: US Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, 2010 Annual Social and Economic Supplement
Page 1 and 2: Income, Poverty, and Health Insuran
Page 3 and 4: Income, Poverty, and Health Insuran
Page 5 and 6: Contents TEXT Income, Poverty, and
Page 7 and 8: APPENDIXES Appendix A. Estimates of
Page 9 and 10: statistically significant. 2 The po
Page 11 and 12: Program Participation (SIPP). Estim
Page 13 and 14: Table 1. Income and Earnings Summar
Page 15 and 16: Race and Hispanic Origin and non-Hi
Page 17 and 18: Table 3. Income Distribution Measur
Page 19 and 20: and 1.9 percent for women who • S
Page 21 and 22: POVERTY IN THE 24.7 percent to 25.8
Page 23: Table 5. Change in Poverty During I
Page 27 and 28: Table 7. Income Deficit or Surplus
Page 29 and 30: HEALTH INSURANCE COVERAGE IN THE UN
Page 31 and 32: 55 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 F
Page 33 and 34: Table 9. People Without Health Insu
Page 35 and 36: uninsured rate (11.3 percent) than
Page 37 and 38: APPENDIX A. ESTIMATES OF INCOME How
Page 39 and 40: Table A-1. Households by Total Mone
Page 47 and 48: Table A-2. Selected Measures of Hou
Page 49 and 50: Table A-2. Selected Measures of Hou
Page 51 and 52: Table A-3. Selected Measures of Equ
Page 53 and 54: Table A-3. Selected Measures of Equ
Page 55 and 56: 1 Data have been revised to reflect
Page 57 and 58: Table A-5. Number of Workers With E
Page 59 and 60: Table A-5. Number of Workers With E
Page 61 and 62: APPENDIX B. ESTIMATES OF POVERTY Ho
Page 63 and 64: Table B-1. Poverty Status of People
Page 75 and 76:
APPENDIX C. ESTIMATES OF HEALTH INS
Page 77 and 78:
Table C-1 Health Insurance Coverage
Page 79 and 80:
Table C-2. Health Insurance Coverag
Page 81 and 82:
Page 83 and 84:
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