Income, Poverty, and Health Insurance Coverage ... - Census Bureau

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Table 4. People and Families in Poverty by Selected Characteristics: 2008 and 2009 (Numbers in thousands, confidence intervals [CI] in thousands or percentage points as appropriate People as of March of the following year For information on confidentiality protection, sampling error, nonsampling error, and definitions, see www.census.gov/apsd/techdoc/cps/cpsmar10.pdf) 2008 2009 Change in poverty Characteristic 2 Below poverty Below poverty 90 percent Total Number CI Total 1 90 percent (±) Percent CI1 90 percent (±) Number CI1 90 percent (±) Percent CI1 (±) Number Percent PEOPLE Total Family Status 301,041 39,829 701 132 02 303,820 43,569 732 143 02 *3,740 *11 In families 248,301 28,564 607 115 02 249,384 31,197 633 125 03 *2,634 *10 Householder 78,874 8,147 192 103 02 78,867 8,792 201 111 03 *644 *08 Related children under 18 72,980 13,507 353 185 05 73,410 14,774 366 201 05 *1,267 *16 Related children under 6 24,884 5,295 231 213 09 25,104 5,983 244 238 09 *688 *26 In unrelated subfamilies 1,207 555 89 460 54 1,357 693 99 511 51 *138 51 Reference person 452 207 54 457 89 521 253 60 487 83 47 29 Children under 18 712 341 61 478 62 747 423 68 566 60 *82 *87 Unrelated individuals 51,534 10,710 228 208 03 53,079 11,678 242 220 03 *968 *12 Male 25,240 4,759 139 189 05 26,269 5,255 147 200 05 *496 *11 Female Race3 and Hispanic Origin 26,293 5,951 158 226 05 26,811 6,424 166 240 05 *473 *13 White 240,548 26,990 592 112 02 242,047 29,830 621 123 03 *2,841 *11 White, not Hispanic 196,940 17,024 479 86 02 197,164 18,530 499 94 02 *1,506 *08 Black 37,966 9,379 337 247 08 38,556 9,944 345 258 08 *565 *11 Asian 13,310 1,576 145 118 11 14,005 1,746 152 125 11 *169 06 Hispanic (any race) Age 47,398 10,987 348 232 07 48,811 12,350 363 253 07 *1,363 *21 Under 18 years 74,068 14,068 359 190 05 74,579 15,451 372 207 05 *1,383 *17 18 to 64 years 189,185 22,105 536 117 03 190,627 24,684 563 129 03 *2,579 *13 65 years and older Nativity 37,788 3,656 134 97 04 38,613 3,433 130 89 03 *–223 *–08 Native born 264,314 33,293 650 126 02 266,223 36,407 678 137 03 *3,114 *11 Foreign born 36,727 6,536 345 178 09 37,597 7,162 361 190 09 *626 *13 Naturalized citizen 15,470 1,577 171 102 10 16,024 1,736 179 108 11 160 06 Not a citizen Region 21,257 4,959 301 233 13 21,573 5,425 315 251 13 *466 *18 Northeast 54,123 6,295 292 116 05 54,571 6,650 296 122 05 *355 06 Midwest 65,589 8,120 319 124 05 65,980 8,768 335 133 05 *648 *09 South 110,666 15,862 458 143 04 112,165 17,609 479 157 04 *1,747 *14 West Residence 70,663 9,552 360 135 05 71,103 10,542 376 148 05 *990 *13 Inside metropolitan statistical areas 253,048 32,570 643 129 03 256,028 35,655 672 139 03 *3,085 *11 Inside principal cities 97,217 17,222 481 177 05 97,725 18,261 496 187 05 *1,039 *10 Outside principal cities 155,831 15,348 456 98 03 158,302 17,394 484 110 03 *2,046 *11 Outside metropolitan statistical areas4 Work Experience 47,993 7,259 390 151 08 47,792 7,914 407 166 08 *656 *14 Total, 16 years and older 236,024 27,216 587 115 02 238,095 29,625 609 124 03 *2,409 *09 All workers 158,317 10,085 372 64 02 154,772 10,680 382 69 02 *595 *05 Worked full-time, year-round 104,023 2,754 197 26 02 99,306 2,641 193 27 02 –113 – Less than full-time, year-round 54,294 7,331 319 135 06 55,466 8,039 333 145 06 *708 *10 Did not work at least 1 week FAMILIES 77,707 17,131 477 220 06 83,323 18,944 499 227 05 *1,814 *07 Total Type of Family 78,874 8,147 192 103 02 78,867 8,792 201 111 03 *644 *08 Married-couple 59,137 3,261 112 55 02 58,428 3,409 114 58 02 *147 *03 Female householder, no husband present 14,482 4,163 128 287 10 14,857 4,441 133 299 10 *278 *11 Male householder, no wife present – Represents or rounds to zero 5,255 723 50 138 10 5,582 942 57 169 11 *219 *31 * Statistically different from zero at the 90 percent confidence level 1 A 90 percent confidence interval is a measure of an estimate’s variability The larger the confidence interval in relation to the size of the estimate, the less reliable the estimate For more information, see “Standard Errors and Their Use” at 2 Details may not sum to totals because of rounding 3 Federal surveys now give respondents the option of reporting more than one race Therefore, two basic ways of defining a race group are possible A group such as Asian may be defined as those who reported Asian and no other race (the race-alone or single-race concept) or as those who reported Asian regardless of whether they also reported another race (the race-alone-or-in-combination concept) This table shows data using the first approach (race alone) The use of the single-race population does not imply that it is the preferred method of presenting or analyzing data The Census Bureau uses a variety of approaches Information on people who reported more than one race, such as White and American Indian and Alaska Native or Asian and Black or African American, is available from Census 2000 through American FactFinder About 26 percent of people reported more than one race in Census 2000 Data for American Indians and Alaska Natives, Native Hawaiians and Other Pacific Islanders, and those reporting two or more races are not shown separately 4 The “Outside metropolitan statistical areas” category includes both micropolitan statistical areas and territory outside of metropolitan and micropolitan statistical areas For more information, see “About Metropolitan and Micropolitan Statistical Areas” at Source: US Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, 2009 and 2010 Annual Social and Economic Supplements U.S. Census Bureau Income, Poverty, and Health Insurance Coverage in the United States: 2009 15
Table 5. Change in Poverty During Income Years Surrounding Recessions: 1969 to 2009 (Numbers in thousands For information on confidentiality protection, sampling error, nonsampling error, and definitions, see www.census.gov/apsd/techdoc/cps/cpsmar10.pdf) Recessions 1 Income years Change in number of people in poverty Change in poverty rate Change in number of children in poverty Change in child poverty rate December 2007, trough not yet defined 2007 to 2009 *6,293 *19 *2,127 *27 March 2001 to November 2001 1999 to 2002 *1,779 02 –147 –04 July 1990 to March 1991 1989 2 to 1991 *3,293 *12 *1,187 *17 January 1980 to July 1980 and July 1981 to November 1982 1978 to 1983 *10,806 *39 *3,980 *64 November 1973 to March 1975 1973 to 1975 *2,904 *12 *1,462 *27 December 1969 to November 1970 1969 to 1971 *1,412 04 *860 *13 * Statistically different from zero at the 90 percent confidence level 1 Recessions are determined by the National Bureau of Economic Research, a private research organization 2 For comparability purposes, the 1989 poverty rate used in this calculation (131 percent) is based on data that reflect the implementation of the 1990 decennial census population controls This poverty rate is different from the poverty rate shown in Table B-1, which is based on 1980 census population controls Note: Income years are based on peak income year prior to or during the start of the recession and the trough income year near or after the end of the recession Source: US Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, 1970 to 2010 Annual Social and Economic Supplements Race and Hispanic Origin Age 20.1 percent and 14.8 million in 2009). Both the poverty rate and the number in poverty increased for non-Hispanic Whites from 2008 to 2009 (9.4 percent and 18.5 million in 2009—up Between 2008 and 2009, both the poverty rate and the number in poverty increased for people aged 18 to 64 (from 11.7 percent and 22.1 mil- For related children under the age of 18 in families with a female householder, 44.4 percent were in poverty compared with 11.0 percent of related children in married-couple families. 43 from 8.6 percent and 17.0 million lion to 12.9 percent and 24.7 million). in 2008) (Table 4). The poverty rate Both the poverty rate and the number Both the poverty rate and the num- for non-Hispanic Whites was lower in poverty decreased for people aged ber in poverty increased for related than the poverty rates for other 65 and older (from 9.7 percent and children under the age of 6 (from 21.3 race groups. Non-Hispanic Whites accounted for 42.5 percent of the people in poverty, compared with 64.9 percent of the total population. For Blacks, the poverty rate and the number in poverty increased to 25.8 percent and 9.9 million in 2009, higher than 24.7 percent and 9.4 million in 2008. For Asians, the 2009 poverty rate (12.5 percent) was not 3.7 million to 8.9 percent and 3.4 million) (Table 4 and Figure 5). Both the poverty rate and the number in poverty increased for children under the age of 18 (from 19.0 percent and 14.1 million in 2008 to 20.7 percent and 15.5 million in 2009). The poverty rate for children was higher than the rates for people aged 18 to 64 and those aged 65 and older (Table 4). Children comprised 35.5 percent and 5.3 million in 2008 to 23.8 percent and 6.0 million in 2009). Of related children under the age of 6 in families with a female householder, 54.3 percent were in poverty—four times the rate of related children in married-couple families (13.4 percent). Nativity Of all people, 87.6 percent were native born and 12.4 percent were statistically different from the 2008 percent of people in poverty but only foreign born. The poverty rate and the rate, while the number of Asians in 24.5 percent of the total population. number in poverty for the native-born poverty increased from 1.6 million in 2008 to 1.7 million in 2009. Both the number in poverty and the poverty rate increased for Hispanics—12.4 million or 25.3 percent were in pov- Related children are related to the householder by birth, marriage, or adoption and are not themselves householders or spouses of householders. population increased from 12.6 percent and 33.3 million in 2008 to 13.7 percent and 36.4 million in 2009. Among the foreign-born population, 19.0 percent or 7.2 million people 42 erty in 2009, up from 11.0 million or 41 23.2 percent in 2008. Both the poverty rate and the number in poverty increased for related children under the age of 18 (from 18.5 percent and 13.5 million in 2008 to lived in poverty in 2009—up from 17.8 percent or 6.5 million people in 2008 (Table 4). 43 In the text of this report, families with a 42 Official poverty estimates for children female householder with no husband present will are compiled in two ways—estimates for “all be referred to as families with a female housechildren” and estimates for “related children.” In holder. Families with a male householder with no 41 The poverty rate for Blacks was not statisti- 2009, “all children” included 1.2 million more wife present will be referred to as families with a cally different from that of Hispanics. children than “related children.” male householder. 16 Income, Poverty, and Health Insurance Coverage in the United States: 2009 U.S. Census Bureau
Page 1 and 2: Income, Poverty, and Health Insuran
Page 3 and 4: Income, Poverty, and Health Insuran
Page 5 and 6: Contents TEXT Income, Poverty, and
Page 7 and 8: APPENDIXES Appendix A. Estimates of
Page 9 and 10: statistically significant. 2 The po
Page 11 and 12: Program Participation (SIPP). Estim
Page 13 and 14: Table 1. Income and Earnings Summar
Page 15 and 16: Race and Hispanic Origin and non-Hi
Page 17 and 18: Table 3. Income Distribution Measur
Page 19 and 20: and 1.9 percent for women who • S
Page 21: POVERTY IN THE 24.7 percent to 25.8
Page 25 and 26: Table 6. People With Income Below S
Page 27 and 28: Table 7. Income Deficit or Surplus
Page 29 and 30: HEALTH INSURANCE COVERAGE IN THE UN
Page 31 and 32: 55 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 F
Page 33 and 34: Table 9. People Without Health Insu
Page 35 and 36: uninsured rate (11.3 percent) than
Page 37 and 38: APPENDIX A. ESTIMATES OF INCOME How
Page 39 and 40: Table A-1. Households by Total Mone
Page 47 and 48: Table A-2. Selected Measures of Hou
Page 49 and 50: Table A-2. Selected Measures of Hou
Page 51 and 52: Table A-3. Selected Measures of Equ
Page 53 and 54: Table A-3. Selected Measures of Equ
Page 55 and 56: 1 Data have been revised to reflect
Page 57 and 58: Table A-5. Number of Workers With E
Page 59 and 60: Table A-5. Number of Workers With E
Page 61 and 62: APPENDIX B. ESTIMATES OF POVERTY Ho
Page 63 and 64: Table B-1. Poverty Status of People
Page 73 and 74:
Table B-2. Poverty Status of People
Page 75 and 76:
APPENDIX C. ESTIMATES OF HEALTH INS
Page 77 and 78:
Table C-1 Health Insurance Coverage
Page 79 and 80:
Table C-2. Health Insurance Coverag
Page 81 and 82:
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