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iqD(t)
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Ig/
Figure 1.34 Initial state of nonlinear tensile extension [21]
Ig/
Figure 1.35 Initial state of tensile creep under nonlinear extension [21 ]
Ig f W
Figure 1.36 Tensile relaxation modulus as a function of time under nonlinear tensile extension [21]
1.43 Maxwell Model
The viscoelastic properties of a polymer can be used to calculate the deformation of a
bubble in a film blowing process. In this case, the Maxwell model, which defines a
viscoelastic body as an ideal spring and a dashpot in series (Figure 1.37) can be applied
[18,19].