Persia from the Earliest Period to the Arab

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26 HISTORY OF PERSIA. another son, the great-grandfather of Darius, received Persia. At all events we learn from the Annalistic Tablet that Cyrus II did not become king of Persia until between the years B.C. 550 and B.C. 547. In B.C. 550 he is still "king of Ansan," in B.C. 547 he has for the first time become "king of Persia." Another fact which the newly-discovered inscriptions have brought to light is that Babylon was taken without a siege and even "without fighting." The same fact is evidenced by the contract-tablets, which show that there was no cessation of business transactions in Babylon during the period that elapsed between the overthrow of Nabonidos and the entrance of Cyrus into the city, and that the trading community at once transferred its allegiance from the one ruler to the other. As soon as the army of Nabonidos was de- feated near Sippara, all resistance to the invader was at an end. He had a strong party in his favour in Babylonia itself, and he was welcomed there as a deliverer from the tyranny of Nabonidos. Nabonidos had been a usurper, unrelated to the family of Nebuchadrezzar, and he had bitterly offended what maybe called "the country-party'' by endeavouring to destroy the local cults, and centralize the religion of Babylonia, and therewith the political life of the country, in the capital. All who had been interested in the worship of the local deities naturally resented the attempt of the king. Cyrus showed his political wisdom by undoing this centralizing work of his predecessor as soon as Babylonia was in his hands. The images of the gods were restored to their old seats, and the populations who
HISTORY OF PERSIA. 27 had been transported from one part of the empire to another were allowed to return home. Light is thus cast on the motives which led Cyrus to permit the Jewish exiles to return to Palestine. It was part of a general policy, and the Jews differed from the other peoples who were similarly restored to their nativa lands only in having no divine images to take back with them. Instead of gods, the sacred vessels of the temple were what they carried back to Jerusalem. It is quite plain from the inscriptions that Cyrus had none of the proselytizing zeal of Zoroastrianism, none of the belief in monotheism, which has so often been ascribed to him. The king of Ansan was a polytheist, and after the conquest of Babylonia adopted the deities of the country who, as he asserts, had bestowed it upon him. Like the kings of Babylon who had gone before him, he and his son Cambyses were worshippers of Bel and Nebo. The first Zoroast- rian ruler of Babylon was Darius Hystaspis, not Cyrus the Elamite prince. It is probable that " the son " of the Babylonian king who is described in the Annalistic Tablet as commanding the army in Northern Babylonia was Belshazzar, whose name occurs in several inscriptions. It is strange that no mention is mads of him in the final struggle with Cyrus, and it is therefore possible that he was killed in the battle near Sippara. When Cyrus overthrew Istuvegu or Astyages he was still on good terms with Nabonidos. In an inscription found at Sippara Nabonidos states that Merodach had appeared to him in a dream, and had ordered him to rebuild the temple of the Moon-god at Harran, which had been destroyed by " the Manda "
Page 6 and 7: ROCK OF BEHISTAX. Page 91.
Page 9 and 10: i CONTENTS. LIST OF DYNASTIES Page
Page 11 and 12: HISTORY OF PERSIA, FROM THE EARLIES
Page 13 and 14: HISTORY OF PERSIA. 9 (Zaratrusthra)
Page 15 and 16: HIGTORY OF PERSIA. II created good,
Page 17 and 18: HISTORY OF PERSIA. 13 Hence we find
Page 19 and 20: CHAPTER I. Cyrus Croesus War in Nor
Page 21 and 22: HISTORY OF PERSIA. 17 Professor Raw
Page 23 and 24: HISTORY OF PERSIA. 19 and chattels
Page 25 and 26: HISTORY OF PERSIA. 2T men of Akkad
Page 27 and 28: HISTORY OF PERSIA. 23 has governed
Page 29: HISTORY CF PERSIA. 2$ have brought
Page 33 and 34: HISTORY OF PERSIA. 29 the Median em
Page 35 and 36: HISTORY OF PERSIA. 31 the kings of
Page 37 and 38: HISTORY OF PERSIA. 33 fessed submis
Page 39 and 40: HISTORY OF PERSIA. passionate, acce
Page 41 and 42: HISTORY OF PERSIA. 37 Ecbatana, wit
Page 43 and 44: HISTORY OF PERSIA. 39 their number
Page 45 and 46: HISTORY OF PERSIA. 4! satrap then b
Page 47 and 48: HISTORY OF PERSIA. memory the Kimme
Page 49 and 50: HISTORY OF PERSIA. 45 sculpture, 5s
Page 51 and 52: HISTORY OF PERSIA. 47 Both these of
Page 53 and 54: HISTORY OF PERSIA. 49 Greeks of the
Page 55 and 56: CHAPTER II. Xerxes Canal of Athos T
Page 57 and 58: HISTORY OF PERSIA. 53 some places f
Page 59 and 60: HISTORY OF PERSIA. 55 full of brave
Page 61 and 62: HISTORY OF PERSIA. 57 which had gon
Page 63 and 64: HISTORY OF PERSIA. 59 decline of th
Page 65 and 66: HISTORY OF PERSIA. while the eunuch
Page 67 and 68: HISTORY OF PERSIA. 63 the immediate
Page 69 and 70: HISTORY OF PERSIA. 65 troops; and s
Page 71 and 72: HISTORY OF PERSIA. 67 Ochus soon af
Page 73 and 74: HISTORY OF PERSIA. 69 (though, befo
Page 75 and 76: HISTORY OF PERSIA. 71 this fact: we
Page 77 and 78: HISTORY OF PERSIA. 73 real importan
Page 79 and 80: HISTORY OF PERSIA. 75 Alexander hav
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CHAPTER III. Daniel Darius the Mede
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HISTORY OF PERSIA. 79 prepared lyin
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HISTORY OF PERSIA. 8 1 he forgot Go
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HISTORY OF PERSIA. 83 Belshazzar, a
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HISTORY OF PERSIA. 85 of the he-goa
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CHAPTER IV. Tomb of Cyrus Inscripti
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HISTORY OF PERSIA. 89 tall figure (
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HISTORY OF PERSIA. f)I of all the A
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occur alternately. HISTORY OF PERSI
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HISTORY OF PERSIA. 95 that had been
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HISTORY OF PERSIA. 97 other buildin
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HISTORY OF PERSIA. 99 between Babyl
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HISTORY OF PERSIA. IOI Roman empire
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HISTORY OF PERSIA. 103 a genuine me
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HISTORY OF PERSIA. 105 Achaemenian
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HISTORY OF PERSIA. 107 out of the s
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HISTORY OF PERSIA. 109 hall, called
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HISTORY OF PERSIA. IH Palace. Here
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HISTORY OF PERSIA. 1 13 Three other
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HISTORY OF PERSIA. 11$ bases only h
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HISTORY OF PERSIA. 1 I/ of his exca
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HISTORY OF PERSIA. Tomb of Darius.
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CHAPTER V. Anacidae Arsakes I Tirid
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HISTORY OF PERSIA. 123 Parthians se
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HISTORY OF PERSIA. 125 tions *. Wit
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HISTORY OF PERSIA. 127 Koh, a tract
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mSTORY OF PERSIA. 1 29 in a conflic
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HISTORY OF PERSIA. 13! fii'st follo
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HISTORY OF PERSIA. 133 had always b
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HISTORY OF PERSIA. 135 Crassus reac
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HISTORY OF PURSIA. 137 was a wiser
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HISTORY OF PERSIA. 139 ment, that t
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HISTORY OF PERSIA. 14! step towards
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HISTORY OF PERSIA. 1^3 the Roman ad
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HISTORY OF PERSIA. 145 that ultimat
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HISTORY OF PERSIA. 147 but, by cros
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HISTORY OF PERSIA. 149 lings or fai
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HISTORY OF PERSIA. 1$! their exclus
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HLsTORY OF PERSIA. 153 pointed out
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HISTORY OF PERSIA. 155 In fact, the
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HISTORY OF PERSIA. 157 reign of Ard
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HISTORY OF PERSIA. 159 brated found
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HISTORY OF PERSIA. l6l Armenia, wit
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HISTORY OF PERSIA. 163. kingdom of
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HISTORY OF PERSIA. 165 of the Persi
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HISTORY OF PERSIA. 167 thought, the
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HISTORY OF PERSIA. 169 retaliated o
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HISTORY OF PERSIA. iyi is the third
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HISTORY OF PERSIA. 173 emperor, bec
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HISTORY OF PERSIA. of the Persians,
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HISTORY OF PERSIA. 177 Berrhaea or
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HISTORY OF PERSIA. 179 and trophies
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HISTORY OF PERSIA. l8l Some years b
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HISTORY OF PERSIA. 183 tassel 1 His
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HISTORY OF PERSIA. 185 represents t
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HISTORY OF PERSIA. iy man at full c
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HISTORY OF PERSIA. 109 approaching
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HISTORY OF PERSIA. If^I a little be
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HISTORY OF PERSIA. 193 chief person
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HISTORY OF PERSIA. 195 accurate pla
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PUBLICATIONS OF THE Jorictg for f r
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FOR PROMOTING CHRISTIAN KNOWLEDGE.
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University of California SOUTHERN R
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Persia from the Earliest Period to the Arab

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